Mavuto a humanization ndi humanization a maphunziro

chakuti masiku Russian anthu anafunika Integrated chitsanzo watsopano humanization wa maphunziro ambiri amati olemba. Kwakukulu kukonzanso kwa dongosolo maphunziro dziko kugonjetsa mavuto umoyo ndi zachuma sizingatheke popanda kulolerana mokwanira kayendedwe kabwerebwere wa moyo wa anthu mu ndondomekoyi.

ndi humanization ndi humanization ofanana chiyani?

Pakali pano, chitukuko cha maphunziro ano amamuchititsa humanization marginally yekha. Mphenzi mavuto azachuma ndi maganizo humanization ndi humanization zaka zino apeza kugwirizana kwambiri. Mwa njira, ofufuza ena amakhulupirira kuti mawu amenewa amapezeka mu mabuku monga identically Angafanane ndi. Ngakhale ubwenzi wawo n'kofunika, pali zinthu zambiri zosiyana pakati pawo.

Ponena za humanization wa maphunziro, tiyenera kuphunzira mawu, osati mfundo za umunthu mu ubale mabungwe dongosolo, komanso ziphunzitso za patsogolo pa mfundo zikuluzikulu za makhalidwe abwino. Ulemu, kukhulupirika, chikumbumtima, udindo, chifundo, chilungamo, ndi koposa kumlingo kutumikira mfundo zofunika za ndondomeko ya humanization wa maphunziro.

M'pofunikanso kuona kufunika malowedwe a m'madera chikhalidwe ndi yothandiza mu zili zamalankhulidwe a osati sayansi malo ochezera. Humanization wa maphunziro luso ndi sayansi ikukhudza oyamba ntchito katswiri wa akatswiri a dera lililonse, anthu a tsiku ndi tsiku, ndi moyo. Vuto, chifukwa chimene kukhazikitsidwa kwa ndondomeko imeneyi, dziko Russian pali zovuta, ndi maganizo a anthu a mmene udachita kufunika kodziwa enieni zaumunthu lapansi. Ndipotu zoona, ufulu luso maphunziro ikuphatikizapo chiphunzitso ndi luso kugwira ntchito pa maziko a katunduyu a chidziwitso, kubalana awo.

nebhodim ndondomeko ya humanization chiyani?

Mwa njira, sindikumvetsa zonse ndi kuti humanization wa maphunziro umalimbana mapangidwe maganizo abwino ndi omvetsetsa kwa maganizo ndi makhalidwe yosiyana kwathunthu. Choyamba, akhoza kumathandiza kutsegula ndi kutaya anthu kuti yambitsa ntchito aluntha.

Chachiwiri, makhalidwe a humanization wa maphunziro ano ndi kulenga chigoba cha uzimu. mfundo ziwirizi kuwonekera moyandikana zamalankhulidwe wina ndi mzake, chifukwa cha kukwezedwa kwa ganizo, achipembedzo kuganiza zochita zawo ndi zokhumba chibadidwe mawu onse. Owolowa manja luso maphunziro amathandiza kuthetsa magawano anthu, ndi muzu imayambitsa zotsatira zoipa zambiri chikhalidwe.

Kachitatu, humanization ndi humanization wa maphunziro ku sukulu ya sekondale kuthandiza kutukula ntchito iliyonse, komanso lophunzira luso lake. Makamaka, sukhala ndi ntchito ya akatswiri, zitadzaza pogwira ntchito zaboma.

The kuipa kupanda maganizo ndi yothandiza

Ngati ife kuganizira sukulu junior ndi pakati, kufunika kwa kukhazikitsa wolimba wa humanization maphunziro ntchito yophunzitsa mabungwe akhoza wolungama ndi mndandanda wa zifukwa zabwino. Popeza boma Russian, monga ena ambiri akhala akulamulira dziko lonse, akupitiriza kuwuka inexorable mu kutchuka nkhanza ndi chiwerewere, kuyang'ana pa chithandizo umunthu ena kudzakuthandizani kuthana ndi awa matenda wamba anthu. Mwachibadwa, ndi khalidwe odana ndi chikhalidwe nthawi zambiri chifukwa cha luso, ndale, malamulo, chikhalidwe, zabwino ndiponso maganizo chisokonezo.

Mokwanira okha amadziwika ndi mavuto a humanization ndi humanization wa maphunziro, ngati zitsa maphunziro okwanira chifukwa cha kukhalapo makhalidwe authoritarian, ndi miyambo mu ntchito kwa dongosolo. Mwachitsanzo, ambiri makoleji maphunziro boma anachita kuphunzitsa akatswiri yopapatiza ndi "unidirectional" mtundu wa maganizo. Iwo amatha kuchita ntchito za osiyanasiyana ka umodzi gawo, lathu akatswiri popanda chichokereni ku nkhani ambiri izi kapena kuti dera.

Ochita kafukufuku amakhulupirira kuti zimayambitsa mavuto mavuto chuma, ndale, zachilengedwe, ndi muzochitika chikhalidwe Kulephera kwa yunivesite lero amaganizira njira yomweyo.

Zotsatira zoipa za chitukuko cha za sayansi ndi luso dera

Nthawiyi, kufunika amphamvu ndi zizolowezi m'kati humanization amagwirizana ndi chiopsezo ndithu chilengedwe chosaneneka ntchito nzeru za sayansi ndi luso. Pankhaniyi, pali Mwina lalikulu la mankhwala "amadziona kuti" mwa zinthu ndi chitukuko masiku ano. Chirichonse chimene icho chinali, koma popanda wauzimu, makhalidwe ndi ozindikira chitukuko cha anthu masiku ano sangakhale oimira kapena kukula akatswiri kapena zokolola mpikisano waukulu kapena mapangidwe chikhulupiriro munthu wosakwatira-apamwamba.

Amati humanization ndi humanization - Walira wa ndalama yomweyo amatchedwa "maphunziro ndi maphunziro ndondomeko." Osaphatikiza mfundo izi pamaso dongosolo mabuku chikhalidwe ndi kuyambiransoko dongosolo lonse maphunziro chabe sadzapambana.

J. Friedman, odziwika bwino wophunzitsa ndi katswiri mu munda wa Chaanthu, ngakhale mu zaka za m'ma wotsiriza ananena kuti patsogolo ndi luso luso kungasokoneze pa nzeru, maganizo kuzimiririka, kanthu kupondereza ndi kuthetsa ndi udindo. Makina ndi makina abwera m'malo zochita wophweka anthu, malinga ndi iye, ndi linakwiriridwa maziko anthu.

Pewani sizingasinthe zotsatira luso pa zinthu zauzimu, makhalidwe abwino ndiponso zachitukuko chi akhoza kukhala ndi ntchito yabwino yothetsera. Humanization ndi humanization wa maphunziro ndi miyezo kwambiri kuti chingamulepheretse ndi kungasokoneze patsogolo mu luso deform anthu. N'zochititsa chidwi ndi chakuti Katswiri Friedman analankhula za limatchula za nyengo yake, ngakhale ankatanthauza mmene zogwirizana izo ntchito patapita nthawi theka ya atumwi.

Kusiyana pakati pa mbali zosiyana za maphunziro

Kukhazikitsa pa ntchito yoyenera mlingo chindiletsa chidwi chotchinga - kusatsatira chikhalidwe luso ndi anthu. Mosiyana ndi kusiyana mu makhalidwe zofunika m'madera amenewa amathandiza kuti mapangidwe mitundu yosiyana ya chikumbumtima, logic, maganizo, makhalidwe, chikhalidwe makampani ndi malamulo zambiri.

Pakali pano, pali mfundo zingapo zofunika pa womwenso molimba panopa dongosolo maphunziro:

• kupitiriza;
• humanization;
• internationalization;
• computerization;
• humanization.

Kuchokera pa mfundo zimenezi, tingathe kuona kuti pali mumaganiza zapiringizana patsogolo sayansi ndi luso ndi makhalidwe a zaumunthu. Ngati misa choyamba amapanga, yovomerezeka inayake amaonera zinthu, zochitika, mankhwala, maganizo, malingaliro, etc., wachiwiri akufotokozera zochita za ndalama munthu, si reentrant. Motero n'zosavuta kunena kuti chitukuko sayansi ndi luso zimaonekera zoipa pa zothandiza anthu chigawo chimodzi cha ndondomeko maphunziro.

Business ndi UMUNTHU: zotsutsana ndi kuvuta

Nthawiyi atasemphana zikhalidwe cholinga umunthu ndi luso si vuto yekha mu chikhalidwe ndi maphunziro makamaka. Vuto pachimake ndi kutsutsana pa makhalidwe a kayendetsedwe ka ntchito zachuma ndi yofunika zikuluzikulu za mfundo umunthu monga makhalidwe abwino. Only ena olemba Atchule chakuti kukhala munthu ndi mkulu khalidwe la umunthu, uzimu ndi chiphunzitso choonadi ndi kovuta zinthu malonda.

Tangoganizani ndi khalidwe labwino ndiponso wokhulupirika munthu msika. Kodi mfundo ziwirizi zimayenderana? Chinsinsi cha kupambana mu dera ubale msika chimayendera mfundo yosavuta: aganyali zochepa ndi kupeza phindu, ie, pang'ono perekani - ndinkaona. munthu wa khalidwe labwino, komanso woganizira M'malo mwake, kuyesera kukhala odzichepetsa, kupereka ndi kutenga zochepa. Aliyense amasankha mmene moyo mu makhalidwe kapena chuma.

Koma nthawi zambiri, patsogolo pa mwambo wa makhalidwe abwino ndi anthu makhalidwe malonda ayenera abwereze makhalidwe a mayiko.

Chifukwa ndikosatheka humanization zonse ndi humanization

Pakali pano, anthu limayenda bwino humanization wa maphunziro. Zizindikiro izi ziri motere:

• osowa, chilakolako kanthu za lophunzira chikhalidwe zothandiza anthu a achinyamata kwina kwathunthu;
• democratization mayendedwe mu Russian dera la maphunziro ndi otsika kwambiri pamaso pa misa zotsutsana;
• Ntchito ya uphunzitsi si zapamwamba, ku maganizo a ophunzira.

Mobwerezabwereza ikuchitika maphunziro sociological kutsimikizira makhalidwe a Mamembala kuti kusankha pantchito monga zachuma, loya, yowerengera, bwana. Kulankhula madigiri zomangamanga, iwo kawirikawiri osankhidwa, koma poyerekeza ndi kutchuka otsika ntchito ya madotolo ndi aphunzitsi zambiri zikufunika kwambiri. Posafuna anthu mkhalidwe ovutika mu kachitidwe aka akhoza zimachitika kuti adzipereke moyo wake kwa maphunziro kapena zaumoyo. Ichinso ndi kulankhula za kusintha kwa zimagwirira zofunikira kukhazikitsa ntchito yophunzitsa ndi mankhwala, ngati kuwuka mu chuma chawo cha ntchito sizichitika.

A odziwika bwino Chibelarusi wolemba Alexiyevich mobwerezabwereza ananena kuti, mu maganizo ake, kwambiri opusa, kodi udzathetse maphunziro kasamalidwe - ndi kuthetsa humanization wa maphunziro. Ndithudi, pang'onopang'ono kuphunzitsa ndi ntchito mapulani yunivesite ya limati pambuyo Soviet, kuphatikizapo ndi Russia, atachotsedwa lonse mndandanda wa nkhani lamulo kapena, chabwino, ndi kuwavula-pansi wotchi pa phunziro awo.

Zotsatira za kupanda humanization maphunziro

Zonsezi zapangitsa chakuti masiku ano Russian mwambo wa nzeru ndi maphunziro silinakwaniritsidwe anapanga. Humanization ndi humanization wa maphunziro monga dongosolo holistically cholinga alibe limagwirira kukhazikitsa matekinoloje chikhalidwe ndi pedagogical, kufunika kwa amene sakhoza kachiwiri ayesedwa.

Chifukwa cha iwo, n'zotheka kupeza maphunziro owolowa manja kusonyeza zosowa ndi zofuna za ophunzira mu kuphunzira. Ngakhale kuti akulephera kukwaniritsa mfundo zothandiza za manja mfundo yophunzitsa ayenera kutsogolera anaima otaya humanization. Choncho, ntchito yaikulu limanenedwa ndi okhoza kuthandiza iyende yoyenera - mapangidwe ndi kukhazikitsa njira zamakono chikhalidwe ndi pedagogical.

Izi zikutanthauza humanization a maphunziro, ndi losavuta kumvetsa ngati tikambirana mbali ya chikhalidwe TV pa ndondomekoyi, chifukwa dongosolo maphunziro - bungwe zofunika chikhalidwe. Pakali pano, wina dzina la yabwino malo ochezera mu dziko lathu, kuti ndikhale woonamtima, ine sindikufuna angayerekeze.

Kupanda chidwi cha boma pochita humanization

Russia tingaphunzire kuchokera m'mayiko zakuthupi ndi makhalidwe abwino zikuluzikulu za kakhalidwe ka moyo ndi apamwamba kwambiri. Ambiri kutukuka European maganizo limati ntchito ndi ogwira ntchito zikuphatikizapo osati kufunafuna phindu, komanso mbali okhudzidwa: .. Concern kwa anthu, amatitonthoza, zinthu chitukuko, etc. Inde, "ndi niivunda nsomba mutu", malinga ndi Akatswiri. Administrative matupi onse chitsanzo cha zochita zake zimasonyeza kuti anthu angapulumutse ndalama. A chachikulu pansi-ndalama za Boma anthu, kuphatikizapo maphunziro, umoyo, chikhalidwe ndi zina zotero., Ndi palibe chinsinsi.

Izi zikusonyeza yekha mfundo imodzi: lingathe anthu kuyamikira ndi boma ulemu. Choncho, humanization ndi humanization wa zinthu zokhudza kakutchinga chosowacho chiwerengero akatswiri oyenerera. mfundo zoyendetsera zofunika kawirikawiri bwino ophunzira akuluakulu, omwe palokha ndi kuukira kuti yachibadwa chikhalidwe.

Kugaŵikana chilengedwe chikhalidwe

Chifukwa chosowa njira wogwila kuyamba humanization wa maphunziro kriminalizovannost chilengedwe chikhalidwe ndi pa mlingo yovuta. Izi zikutsimikiziridwa ndi nambala mkulu wa akaidi m'ndende Russian. Mitengo ndi mkulu mwa akuluakulu ndi achinyamata onse. Chifukwa chosowa criminality ana ndi zonse odana ndi mowa, odana ndi kusuta ndi odana ndi mankhwala kuphunzitsa achinyamata mapulogalamu. Ana a zaka ndi zaka 10 mpaka 14 ali makamaka pa ngozi ya mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Ambiri a iwo kudziwa zimene mizimu, osati nkhambakamwa.

ntchito chimawononga thupi ndi ubongo wa mwanayo ntchito mowa kumathandiza kuti ofuna kuchepa maganizo a mwana dziko. Monga ulamuliro, ana ayamba kutenga mowa ndi mankhwala akugwa pansi pa kungasokoneze a khamu achinyamata. Kupewa zinthu zofanana makolo mwana wawo ayenera kutha efficiently ntchito nthawi payekha ndi danga la mwana wake.

Humanization ya sekondale ndi zina chenjezo chinthu ophunzira. Iwo amizidwa mutu woyamba mu kuphunzira nkhani zosiyanasiyana sadafuna ndimalota chowonjezera nthawi sakonda kampani. Iwo nzeru mwangozi wowerengeka limati: "mavuto onse a kuchita kanthu."