Zikhalidwe sitata kwa tchizi: a review, malangizo, maphikidwe ndi ndemanga. Sourdough tchizi kunyumba

Monga amadziwika, tchizi - mankhwala othandiza ndi bwino kuti anthu akhala Zakachikwi kuposa wina. Iye ali wokonzeka ku mkaka wa ruminants: makamaka ng'ombe, mbuzi, nkhosa, Mare. Koma si aliyense akudziwa kuti tchizi amagwiritsidwa ntchito Sourdough tchizi wapadera, zomwe, poyamba, angakhale kuti akhudzidwa chomwecho ndi osiyana. Zikuonekeratu kuti kunyumba yophika mankhwala adzakhala tastier ndi athanzi sitolo. Makamaka mu kuwala kwa chiphasochi posachedwapa wasonyeza kuti yopanga ambiri tchizi sizili ndi luso ndi zina ali osokonezeka, ndi kosafunikira ndipo zikuwononga moyo kukoma achilengedwe. Izi zachitika, monga ulamuliro, pofuna kupulumutsa pa mitengo ya zinthu, ndi kuonjezera alumali moyo wa mkaka. Choncho kupesa kwa tchizi kunyumba inu n'zoonekeratu kubwera imathandiza popeza afika pafupi ndi nkhani ya mmene kupanga yekha. Choncho inu mukudziwa motsimikiza, kodi tichipeza.

Mitundu ya tchizi zoweta

Kodi tingatani khitchini lanu, ntchito starters kwa tchizi, ogaŵikana mitundu itatu.

1. Zolimba tchizi. Amachita pa maziko chotupitsa cha tchizi ndi kanyumba tchizi. Iwo anali opanikizika wapadera (zikhoza kuchitidwa ndi dzanja kapena kukopedwa pa sitolo, koma ndalama ndalama zambiri). Ndinakumana zidzachitika miyezi. Kwakukulu padzuwa, zotsatirazi Sadzalawa bwino. kachulukidwe ambiri a dongosolo mankhwala a thupi kumadalira nthawi ndi kulemera kwa atolankhani. mfundo ina: yopanga tchizi molimba n'chotheka kwa mkaka lonse.
2. Zofewa tchizi. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kupesa tchizi ndi kanyumba tchizi. Kusiyana ndi njira olimba Amakhala makamaka nthawi yomweyo. Ndipo tchizi zofewa anapangidwa kuchokera mkaka kutungira, ndi mankhwala akhoza kudyedwa mu sabata (mitundu zofewa si ataphimbidwa mu paraffin kwa yosungirako yaitali).
3. Amamwa tchizi (a Adygei mtundu suluguni kapena tchizi). Iwo anapangidwa kuchokera kanyumba tchizi, amene ali ndithu mkulu madzi okhutira. Kusungiramo tchizi ngati akuti yaing'ono. Ndi kuwapanga iwo makamaka kutungira mkaka (koma mungathere lonse). mankhwala amenewa ndi mosavuta kupanga, iwo safuna kupirira atolankhani.

Kodi muyenera kupanga

• Mkaka ndi zofunika kutenga lonse (makamaka ng'ombe mawu amakono). Chinthu chachikulu - kusankha khalidwe. Igunda pamene nyama kudya mankhwala sizinagwiritsidwe ntchito (osachepera kwa sabata chifukwa iwo m'mbuyo njira makutidwe ndi okosijeni). Best wa onse, ngati muli chuma payekha ndi nyanga zawo, kapena ndi mwayi kusunga kugula zipangizo ndi anzake, zikubweretsa chuma ang'onoang'ono. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti malita 10 a mkaka angapatutse kilo imodzi yokha ya tchizi, zofewa kapena makilogalamu 1.5 kapena 2 kg ya tchizi kapena suluguni.
• Zida - akhoza kumangidwa zamalata ndi panokha, kuti kugula mtengo options kunja - adzafunika: mitundu kwa tchizi (chingapangidwe kuchokera ku zitini wamba malata), tilimbikire pisitoni (kunyumba matabwa ndi achepetsa) mpeni thermometer madzi , colander, gauze, paraffin (ngati anakonza tchizi).

Sourdough tchizi kunyumba

Ndipo, ndithudi, m'pofunika kuti tchizi sitata. Ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuti izo posachedwapa ndipo ndi bwino yotithandiza mapangidwe kuchuluka kwa asidi, amene adzakhala okwanira kukonza ndondomeko. Mu nyumba ntchito cheesemaking ndi buttermilk ndi yoghurt ndi ufa Sourdough, ndi mkaka zachilengedwe, analandira mwa njira yachibadwa, ndi yisiti. Kumbukirani kuti khalidwe amene chotupitsa kupanga tchizi (yeniyeni, magwero ake), kumakhudza mwachindunji pa kukoma kwake ndi fungo. Kotero kusankha options nkhani powauza zowakomera ndi zokonda ndi umisiri zachikhalidwe.

Tchizi. Chotupitsa. Chinsinsi ndi Chophweka

lita imodzi theka la atsopano malo achilengedwe wowawasa mkaka wonse pa yozungulira (kapena pang'ono apamwamba) kutentha. Childs, tsiku zokwanira pa kutentha akadakwanitsira madigiri 30. Kugwiritsira chotupitsa, kuthira mfundo yaikulu yaiwisi mu kupanga tchizi amamwa kuti musakhale kugwiritsa ntchito atolankhani.

njira ina

Chotupitsa kwa kanyumba tchizi angathe kukonzekera ndi ntchito yisiti n'kumugawa m'magulumagulu. Mu mkaka ofunda kuwonjezera yisiti 1/8 ndodo. Pansi osakaniza kuyendayenda usiku mu malo otentha. Ndipo theka la mkaka wa pulasitala ndi kuwonjezera mwatsopano. Choncho tingachite pa mlungu. Panthawi imeneyi yisiti udzacha ndipo adzakhala okonzeka ntchito. Kuwonjezera mu nkhani waukulu yaiwisi.

abomasum

mankhwala akhala kudziwika mu tchizi kupanga monga sitata kwa tchizi kunyumba zopangidwa. Ndipo makampani tchizi izo ntchito mwakhama kwambiri kwa kupanga tchizi kwambiri. Kodi zinthu izi? Ngakhale Agiriki akale, malinga ndi kafukufuku wa sayansi, ntchito M'mimba ungulates ngati muli zakumwa, nthawi zambiri mwangozi anapeza chodabwitsa imakhudzira zinthu mkaka. Kapena, mwinamwake, njira imeneyi akhala kudziwika m'mbuyomu? Ruminants ndi 4 Mipikisano chipinda m'mimba mwa (glandular m'mimba). Mu ng'ombe (ndi nkhosa) Mwachitsanzo, kudya mkaka mayi awo, chifukwa amapangidwa ndi wapadera yogwira rennet enzyme nawo chimbudzi - rennin. Iye cleaves mapeputisayidi. Izi rennet ali woyamba wa osankhidwa mankhwala, ndi njira zasayansi. Mwa njira, Dane Kristian Hansen, iye anatulukira ndi mchere m'zigawo 1874 ndipo kenako anayambitsa olimba, limene liri sewerolo waukulu wa enzyme ndi. Ndiwo - mimba ya ng'ombe za mkaka (zaka - zosaposa 10 masiku) zouma ndi kukulumbutsuk njira yapadera. Rennet - zofunika mankhwala ntchito cheesemaking.

Akamanena za ndondomekoyi

Pamene kutumikiridwa rennet kuti mkaka akamaziwononga kutentha, ndondomeko akuyamba coagulation mofulumira mkaka - curdling. Kunyumba, ntchito rennet ndi mwachilungamo zovuta, kotero usaope izi. Amangozindikira piritsi kapena Tingafinye (monga zambiri anagulitsa) ndi kusungunuka mkaka firiji (kapena pang'ono apamwamba). Zotsatira kumaoneka ola. Mwa njira, kupanga tchizi zofewa zoweta gulu ntchito rennet Sikuti. Zokwanira ntchito chotupitsa cha chilengedwe mkaka wowawasa. Yekha anachitazi - zimene curdling ndondomeko patenga nthawi zambiri. Kawirikawiri - pang'ono kuposa tsiku. Panthawi imeneyi, iwo amalowerera nadzawasankhula aumirira - chiyambi cha kanyumba tchizi - ndi whey. Komabe, anthu ena amakonda kugwiritsa ntchito rennet kunyumba kusintha kakomedwe ndi imathandizira pa yakucha wa tchizi.

chifukwa zamasamba

mafunso ambiri zamasamba ndi ntchito ndi puloteni nyama kupanga tchizi. Choncho, posachedwapa (mwachitsanzo, mu Europe) ntchito cheesemaking wa mmalo rennet. Back mu 60s wa atumwi wotsiriza sankawabisira ndi tizilombo ta yoyenera ya bowa, zomwe zikugwira kaphatikizidwe enzyme ndi. Kuyambira chiyambi cha 90 ntchito jini umisiri ndi rennin opangidwa ndi mabakiteriya. Malinga ndi malipoti zosatsimikiza, ndi mmalo mwa Europe tsopano opangidwa oposa theka la mankhwala tchizi. Koma ena makampani akadali asasiye njira zambiri chikhalidwe kukonzekera ndi ntchito rennet nyama.

The mankhwala

Mwa njira, kwa zokoma amamwa thovu mankhwala mkaka ndi oyenera yisiti ndi tchizi izi. The mankhwala amagulitsidwa pepsin. The kokha drawback - kukwera mtengo kwa ena akusowa mankhwala ndi enzyme. Koma ngati muli ndi mwai kupeza mankhwala, amagwiritsidwanso ntchito bwinobwino chifukwa yopanga tchizi panokha.