Ma autodromes abwino ku Russia

Anthu sanakhalepo panthawiyo. Pamene kusuntha kwa phazi kunasokonezeka, gudumu linapangidwa, magalimoto oyambirira anawonekera. Pamene iwo anali atatopa ndi kukhala ku kontinenti ina, anthu adapanga zomangamanga ndi kusambira kudutsa nyanja.

Pamene zinkawoneka ngati oyendayenda ndi madzi, anthu anayamba kumanga ndege. Monga mbiriyakale ya dziko lapansi ikuwonetsa, iwo nthawizonse ankakopeka ndi liwiro, osadziwika ndi mzimu wa mpikisano. Palibe amene amadabwa kuti magalimoto oyambirira atangoyambira m'misewu ya midzi, panali mpikisano wothamanga.

Mbiri ya masewera

Kuzungulira kwa Russia kunakhala imodzi mwa maulumikizano a mliri wautali, womwe unayamba kuchitika mu 1894 ku France, ngakhale kuti tsiku lobadwa la motorsport ndi 1904

Chifukwa choyendetsa galimoto yoyamba, injini za mafuta zinatulutsa injini zamoto, ndipo mphepo yamakono yothamanga ya 45 km / h pa nthawi imeneyo inkaonedwa kuti ndiyo yaikulu. Pofika chaka cha 1950, panali ofesi yapadera m'makampani ogulitsa magalimoto, pamene mafakitale otchuka pamodzi ndi magalimoto otchuka amapanga magalimoto oyendetsa galimoto.

Magalimoto a masewera sanasinthe maonekedwe awo chaka ndi chaka, komanso kuchuluka kwa akavalo pansi pa nyumba, m'lifupi ndi matayala. Nthawi ya "Golden" imawerengedwa kuyambira nthawi ya 1950 mpaka 1960, pamene misewuyo inali yosakonzeka kuposa lero, madalaivala analibe mabotolo, ndipo chiwerengero cha ngozi pa mpikisano chinali mbiri.

Ku Russia, mpikisano woyamba wa galimoto unachitika mu 1900 pa "msewu waukulu" Petersburg-Luga, ndipo mu 1912 galimoto yoyamba ya masewera "Russo-Balt C 2430" anatenga malo asanu ndi atatu m'mayiko osiyanasiyana ku Monte Carlo ndipo adalandira mphoto chifukwa chakuti adathamanga popanda kupasuka kuchokera Mkulu wa kumpoto kupita kumalo otetezera.

Ngakhale panthawi imene boma la Soviet linakhazikitsidwa, masewerawa sanasiye. Izi zikusonyeza kuti chikondi cha liwiro mwa anthu m'magazi. Masiku ano, makina oyendetsa galimoto mumzinda wa Russia amamangidwa motsatira miyezo ya masewera a "Formula-1".

Vodkolamsk

Kuchokera m'mitundu yoyamba, sizinthu zokha zokha zopereka mphoto, komabe ndondomeko yakhazikitsidwa yopanga maulendo apakati, pakati pawo:

• Oval - wotchuka kwambiri. Kutalika kwake kuli pakati pa 200 mpaka 4000 mamita ndi zina. Amadziwika ndi asphalt kapena shingles.
• Mapepala a phokoso ndi chimodzi mwa zovuta kwambiri, popeza ali ndi maulendo angapo.
• Kwa obwera mofulumira, mizere yochepa ya mamita 400 imangidwa.

Masiku ano, magalimoto oyendetsa galimoto ku Russia akudziwika pa mayiko osiyanasiyana. Njirayo, yomangidwa pafupi ndi Volokolamsk, ili ndi kutalika kwa 4070 mamita ndi 15 kutembenuka. Zimapangidwa ndi Hermann Tilke, yemwe ndi katswiri wodziŵa kupanga zomangamanga, chifukwa cha theka la magalimoto othamanga kwambiri padziko lapansi. Ikhoza kutchulidwa mosamala ndi gulu "1T". Ntchito yomanga inachitidwa chifukwa cha Teregulov Rustem wamalonda, yemwe sanamuthandize yekha, koma nayenso ndi woyendetsa masewera.

Onsewa, amalonda apadera amagwiritsa ntchito madola 4 miliyoni pa ntchito yomanga Moscow Raceway, koma njira yatsopano ikhoza kulandira magalimoto a gulu lirilonse - kuchokera ku njinga zamoto kupita ku magalimoto. Ngati mukuchita zinthu zamakono ndi kumanga patali pa "dzanja lotambasula" la hoteloyi kuti mukhale malo othamanga ndi othamanga, njirayi ingalandire Grand Prix. Iyi ndi yoyamba ya Russia yoyendetsa gawo ili. Kutsegula kwa mwambowu kunachitika mu July 2012, pambuyo pake kuyesa oyendetsa kampaniyo "Renault", kenaka idapambana mpikisano wa Superbike komanso mpikisano wapadziko lonse pa magalimoto othamanga "Gran Turismo". Kwa mpikisano woterewu ndi kuyamba kwakukulu pa ntchito.

Kwa lero ndilo lalikulu kwambiri la autodrome. Russia sitingathe kuima pa izi.

Phokoso la Smolensk

Njira yomwe inayandikira pafupi ndi Smolensk inamangidwa kumayambiriro kwa mpikisano wamakono komanso maphunziro a okwera. Iyenso anapangidwa ndi Hermann Tilke. Kutalika kwa Gombe la Smolensk ndi 3357 mamita ndi kutembenuka kwakukulu kwa 17. Njirayi ili pamtunda wa makilomita 80 kuchokera ku Smolensk pafupi ndi tauni ya Dorogobuzh.

Anatsegulidwa mu 2010, ndiye woyamba kulandira chilolezo ndi chilolezo mu International Auto Federation. Ma autodromes ena a ku Russia analemekezedwa ndi ulemu umenewu mtsogolo.

Njirayi imasiyanitsidwa ndi kapangidwe kapamwamba, komanso ndi zowonongeka. Pafupi ndi hotelo ndi nyumba yosungirako alendo, kulandira alendo panthawi ya mpikisano. Ngakhale kuti phokoso la Smolensk linamangidwira kwa anthu ochita zachiwawa ku Russian, ilo lakhala mbali ya European Truck Racing Championship kwa zaka zitatu zotsatizana .

Izi zikuwonetsanso kuti kuyendetsa galimoto kumayendedwe ka Russia kumamangidwa motsatira ndondomeko za dziko lapansi ndikugwirizana nazo.

Autodrome pafupi ndi Nizhny Novgorod

Makilomita 22 okha kuchokera mumzinda uli njira ya NRing, yokonzedwa ndi katswiri wamapanga Mikhail Gorbachev mogwirizana ndi RaceTrack Design Bureau.

Chinthu chosiyana ndi ichi chowonekera ndicho kukhalapo kwa masinthidwe ambiri. Kotero, apa pali:

• Oval track;
• Tsamba la masewera amoto;
• Chithunzi;
• Mphindi mu 805 mamphindi kwa mpikisano wokoka.

Msewu woterewu ndi gulu labwino kwambiri m'dzikomo kuti likhale ndi mitundu yochepa. Msewuwu umagwiritsidwa ntchito pa masewera onse a Russian-mpikisano ndi mpikisano wa Russian Cup mu masewera amoto. Komanso pazipikisano zikhazikitseni anthu omwe ali ndi mndandanda wa NLS za magalimoto apanyumba.

Iyi ndi njira imodzi yokha ku Russia, komwe amaimira mafanizidwe opangidwa mkati, koma kuchepa ndi kusowa kwa mabokosi a magalimoto ndi nyumba yosamalira mpikisano. Mu ndondomeko ya eni eni autodrome kusintha izi, koma pakali pano gulu lirilonse likuyika chihema chake ndikukonzekera madera a utumiki.

Kazan Autodrome

Njira ina, yokonzedwa ndi ntchito ya German Tilke, ikhoza kuyendera kokha 1 Km kuchokera ku Kazan. Zomwe zimachitika ku Russia (chithunzi chikuwonetsa), chokonzedwa ndi ofesi ya mbuye uyu, ndi zophweka kukonzanso. Kotero izo zinachitika ndi KazanRing njira, mamita onse 3476 ndi mazenera khumi omwe anali okonzedweratu masiku otsekemera.

Zamakono zimapangidwa ndi eni ake pomanga mabokosi, zovuta zomwe maofesi, maofesi ndi maofesi a VIP analipo, anabweretsa dera ili pamtunda wabwino, malinga ndi okwera okhawo.

Kuwotcha matenda kumangidwe kumalo omwe kale anali nawo, kotero kusiyana kwa kukwera kwa msewu kufika pamtunda kufika mamita 30. Mitundu yamakono yowonongeka ikhoza kubweretsa kunthaka yapadziko lonse, ngati ntchito yamakono idzapitilizidwa. Kuti muchite izi, yonjezerani chiwerengero cha mabokosi ndikukonzekera kumanga dzenje.

Maimidwe a Kazan autodrome ndi malo otsetsereka a miyala, komwe mungathe kuona njira yonseyo kuchokera pamtundu uliwonse. Popeza kuti malowa ali pafupi ndi mzindawu, ophunzira komanso alendo a mpikisano akhoza kukhala m'mahotela apanyumba.

Autodrome pafupi ndi St. Petersburg

Sitikudziwa kuti njirayi ikhonza kuonedwa ngati yoyenera, chifukwa, kutalika kwake kwa mamita 3,073 ndi 11 kutembenuka, palibe kusiyana kochititsa chidwi kumtunda, ndipo mkhalidwe wa ngalande siwotheka. Pambuyo pa mvula iliyonse, malo otetezeka a njanjiyo amadzaza ndi madzi, omwe samauma kwa nthawi yaitali.

Ambiri mwa njirayi ndi oyenera kuyendetsa galimoto zamakono komanso masiku otsekemera. Zachilengedwe sizinapangidwe, koma ngati pali mpikisano, othamanga ndi alendo "apulumutsidwa" chifukwa chakuti dera liri 5 km kuchokera kumsewu wopita ku St. Petersburg.

Kuphatikiza pa mzere wokwanira wautali wautali, njirayi ilibe chinthu chomwe chingakhudzire anthu omwe ali ndi ndalama komanso okonza mapikisano.

Mzere wa Moscow

Sizitsulo zonse zamagalimoto ku Russia zomwe zimapatsidwa chilolezo ndi FIA. Mwachitsanzo, njira "Moscow Ring", yomwe idakonzedwa kale ku malo oyendetsa ndege ku Myachkovo, siyi. Lili pamtunda wa makilomita 20 kuchokera ku likulu, ndipo mitundu yoyamba ija inayamba mu 2002, yomwe idagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Mu 2005, deralo linasamukira ku malo atsopano, msewu udakonzedweratu, nyumba zowonongeka, mabokosi anamangidwa ndipo zoimazo zinakonzedwa. Njirayo inali yaitali mamita 3275 ndi 17 kutembenuka. Wopanga ndalama ndi mwini wakeyo anali Shota Abhazava, wopangidwa ndi Eldar Marchenko, wokonza nyumba ya ku Russia.

"Gulu la Moscow" limangoyamba magulu a dziko lonse, palinso masiku otsekemera, masewera okonda masewera ndi mayesero.

Kuthamanga kwina pa ayezi

Kwa madalaivala omwe alibe adrenaline okwanira ndipo atopa kuyendetsa galimoto pamsewu wamba, okonza maphwando opambanitsa amapereka kuyendera njira zabwino kwambiri zoyendetsa galimoto pa ayezi ku Russia.

Inde, chifukwa cha ichi, ambiri a ku Siberia akuyesa kuyambitsa mitundu yofanana, koma kasitomala samapereka zilolezo zochitika zoterezi.

Pakati pa zowonongeka zomwe zimagwira ntchito pachaka, n'zotheka kuyika msewu waukulu wa "Industrial zone", wokhala pafupi ndi Yekaterinburg. Okonza masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi nyengo yatsopano yatsopano amachititsa kuti azikhala osangalatsa, mofulumira komanso movutikira. Zimachepetsa malingaliro awo kokha kukula kwa malo osungira, komwe mafuko akudutsa.

Njira yowonjezera yachilumba yomwe ili pamtsinje wa Baltym pafupi ndi Lesnaya Skazka. Zimagwira ntchito tsiku lililonse kuyambira 11.00 mpaka 23.00. Madzi a m'nyanjayi amakulolani kukonzekera mwamsanga 2 njira zonse, zokhala ndi zizindikiro, zounikira ndi zithando za chisanu.

"Nthano ya Fairy Forest" imalandira alendo onse, kupereka mpumulo mu bar, sauna, pavilions okhala ndi zinyumba ndi zipinda zokongola.

Galimoto yamagalimoto ndi njinga zamoto

The Autodrome ya FSO ya Russia, yomwe ili patali ndi tawuni ya Staraya Kupavna, idatsegulidwa mu 2008 ndi cholinga chokhala ndi mpikisano wamakono komanso masewera ndi zosangalatsa.

Mbalameyi pamsewu wothamanga, amaphunzitsa kuyendetsa galimoto ndikukonzekera magulu owonetsera masewera olimbitsa thupi.