Nyanga mbuzi: ofotokoza ndi moyo

Mu chikhalidwe, cholengedwa bwino komanso ulalo wa gulu lalikulu dongosolo umodzi wamoyo, kumene anthu onse allocated malo ake, ndi moyo yoyenera. Okhawo amene si woyenera mu "thupi" - munthu amene m'malo mogwirizana ndi chikhalidwe, mwa njira iliyonse adzautaya.

Chifukwa cha wotereyo mtima kwa dziko ndi chilengedwe cha malo otetezedwa ndi kasinthidwe zonse masamba a Red Book. Kuti wononga cha nyanga mbuzi - okongola nyama - mumaganiza a mitundu pangozi.

Banja la bovids

banja Izi zikuphatikizapo nyama za mtundu olenepodobnyh, womwenso osati antelopes wachisomo, komanso ngati anthu akuluakulu monga yaks, njati, njati, ng'ombe ndi abale awo pang'ono zing'onozing'ono - nkhosa, mbuzi ndi ng'ombe musk.

Kaya kukula ndi malo, nyama zonse m'banja izi ndi zina wamba:

• Amuna nthawi zonse nyanga, pamene akazi akhoza kukhala popanda izo.
• Iwo alibe mano ndi incisors chapamwamba.
• Onse "zida" m'mimba atatu chambered ndi cecum.

Nyama zimenezi wochezeka amakonda steppes lalikulu, kupatula mbuzi wononga-nyanga amene malo - mapiri.

Kuyambira kale, pafupifupi anthu a mitundu ndi kusaka zinthu, ndipo ena a iwo achepetsedwa ndi kuŵetedwa, monga mbuzi, nkhosa ndi ng'ombe zambiri. Izi zikuonekera bwino ndi zojambula zambiri thanthwe opereka zithunzi za kusaka ndi odyetserako ziweto.

Masiku ano kuwombera anthu a m'banja la bovids ankaloledwa mu nkhokwe chikhalidwe ndi zedi zochepa, monga ambiri a iwo kutchulidwa Red Book. Nyanga markhor mbuzi Mwachitsanzo, pang'onopang'ono kuchepetsa chiwerengero chawo, ndi mitundu monga mbawala, ulendo njati ndipo kwathunthu mbisoweka m'gawo la maiko angapo.

Vuto lalikulu, malinga ndi akatswiri pa chitetezo cha nyama zina ndi anthu opha nyama. Zinali ntchito zawo oletsedwa zimapangitsa chiwerengero cha oimira banja bovids nthawi zonse ikuchepa.

Kufotokozera Markhor

Markhor a dongosolo Artiodactyla ku banja la bovids. Nyanga mbuzi (Photo imasonyeza izo) ndi dzina lake chifukwa nyanga zake ndi wa mawonekedwe mwauzimu ndi windings zayamba symmetrical. Aliyense wa awa "zikuwoneka" pambali pake: bwino - lamanja ndi lamanzere - kumanzere.

Mu nyanga akazi ang'ono, kokha 20-30 cm, koma motsatana ndi bwino chionetsedwe. Amuna, akhoza kufika masentimita 1.5 mamita ndi kutalika thupi la 2 m ndipo kutalika pa zinafota 90. Kunenepa wamwamuna kawirikawiri kuposa 90 makilogalamu, mbuzi ngakhale zochepa.

Nyanga mbuzi kusintha mtundu ndi mtundu wa ubweya awo, malingana ndi nyengo. Choncho, m'nyengo yozizira zikhoza kukhala pabuka-imvi, imvi kapena zoyera. Nthawi imeneyi, ndi ofunda kwambiri, ndi undercoat wandiweyani komanso wautali. "Ndevu" mu nyama ozizira komanso amakhala thicker. M'chaka M'malo mwake, khungu markhors thins ndi kukhala Lofiira mtundu.

Izi wochepa, agile ndi kudya nyama champhamvu ndi fungo, kuona ndi kumva, chomwe chimawathandiza fungo alenje ndi ogwirira patali kwambiri. Nyanga mbuzi, Kuwulura umene ndi chodziwikiratu kuti athe kupereka chisomo ndi ulemerero wa nyama zimenezi modabwitsa anasankha zachilendo kwa mamembala a anakulira m'banja.

malo

Middle otentha woyendera nthambi anaphimba meadows ndi m'zigwa ndi miyala phompho ndi chilengedwe Markhor malo. Nyama zimenezi mosavuta kugonjetsa precipices ang'ono ndi kulumpha pa ovuta kwambiri kufikako ndi phompho.

Iwo kupewa m'nkhalango zowirira za mitengo, koma akhoza kukwera kwa dzikoli kuli mapiri meadows, yomwe ili m'malire ndi mitsinje ndi chisanu wosatha. malo awo achilengedwe ndi mapiri a Afghanistan, Turkmenistan, Pakistan ndi India.

Nyanga mbuzi n'zosavuta kulekerera monga kutentha kwa m'chilimwe ndi yachisanu ikafika ndi chisanu kwambiri. Nyama zimenezi amasamukira monga zofuna chitetezo chakudya kapena kwa achinyamata. Choncho, iwo kungokhulupirira zone m'nkhalango mapiri kapena msipu m'malire ake amene nthawi zambiri amapezeka mu yozizira, pamene chakudya sakhala pansi malire apansi cha kwambiri za udzu.

njira ya moyo

Markhor kupanga ng'ombe yaing'ono nyama 15 mpaka 30, wopangidwa mwa akazi ndi ana. Wamkulu amuna ambiri chaka msipu mosiyana ndi kusungidwa kutali dera wawo. mbuzi simungakhoze nkhondo akazi ndi m'badwo odziwa wamphamvu achikulire, kotero bungwe mbawala gulu lanu.

Mphamvu ya nyama ndi nyengo m'chilengedwe. Mwachitsanzo, m'chaka adzawuka kwa madambo, kumene iwo kudya udzu ndi masamba a mitengo otsika-kukula ndi zitsamba. M'nyengo yozizira, gulu lonse pansi ku mapiri, mpaka chisanu ndi malire pansi pa nkhalango, kumene chakudya chachikulu ndi nthambi ndi masamba a wathundu yobiriwira. Chifukwa cha chakudya chokoma ichi mu Asia kagwere cha nyanga mbuzi kudumpha kuchokera nthambi nthambi ya mtengo, mwangwiro kugwirizanitsa pa msinkhu wa mamita 6-8.

kubalana

Hong bovids mitundu kumayambira November, pamene nyama otelis pa msipu yotentha ndi wodzaza ndi mphamvu kulimbana kwa akazi. Kumenyana pakati pa amuna kawirikawiri kutha mabala, kawirikawiri ofooka mbuzi masamba nkhondo, kuyesa mwayi awo ndi akazi ena.

Wopambana ndi kuteteza harem ake ayamba amamuchitira ndi mbuzi, amene anayamba estrus. Mu nyama zimenezi, pali nthawi ya chibwenzi, monga wopambana zimangotengera muyezo wake kotero umuna kumachitika mofulumira, ndipo kenako yaimuna masamba mkazi mpaka nyengo yotsatira mating.

Young mbuzi kuswa miyezi 6 ndi pang'ono kubadwa kusiya gulu. Kids amabadwa mu kasupe, pamene meadows ndi mitengo, ndi chakudya padziko. Iwo sachedwa kuuka kwa mapazi ake ndi yomweyo anayamba akuyamwitsa udder mayi.

nyama Young zithandize kusewera ndi kuphunzira. Achikulire mbuzi kuwaphunzitsa kuti akafune chakudya, kulumpha ndi kuthamanga pa miyala, amene Iyamba kukula ndi amapereka mphamvu. akazi ndi okonzeka amamuchitira mu zaka 2, pamene amuna okha kwa zaka 4 ndi mphamvu zokwanira ndi ozindikira kuti harem awo.

adani

Kutalika avareji Markhor moyo umalandira zaka 12-16, koma ngakhale, chiwerengero chawo pang'onopang'ono amachepetsa. nyama okomawa kumuteteza ndiponso kuti akazindikire - The Red Book. Nyanga mbuzi koma akuwonongedwa ndi anthu amene amapha chifukwa cha nyanga zake wokongola.

Nyama zina kufa imfa yachibadwa, koma nthawi zambiri akuvutika cha adani - amphaka, afisi ndi akambuku chisanu. Makamaka anakhudzidwa osalimba ana ake, ndi mbewu zambiri kupulumuka% 50 okha, amenenso amakhudza kuchepa kwa anthu.

markhors Security

Kulikonse kumene amakhala wononga-nyanga mbuzi, kusaka zoletsedwa, koma sasiya wa anthu opha nyama. Nyama okha apeza njira kuti apulumuke - anasintha moyo wawo ndipo anayamba msipu kapena pamene kuwala kwa dzuwa, kapena madzulo ndi usiku, kukhala masana pansi ndi mwala kapena mtengo chitetezo.

Kutuluka mkulu mu mapiri, angathe zinthu mu tsiku yogwira pa madambo ya m'mapiri kumene ogwirira amangofikira anawona, koma ambiri a nthawi m'chilimwe amakonda mthunzi wa miyala, ndipo m'nyengo yozizira - mosatekeseka kunali m'zigwa.