Yaikulu infarction: zotsatira mwayi wa kupulumuka, kukhazikitsa kwa amuna ndi akazi

Matenda a mtima dongosolo ali pa malo oyamba mwa zimayambitsa imfa. Pakati pawo mmodzi mwa akuluakulu pathologies kuti anali m'mnyewa wamtima infarction, zomwe nthawi zambiri kumayambitsa msanga imfa. Nkofunika amapereka thandizo loyamba, ku kawirikawiri zimadalira ngati pali yaikulu mtima, zotsatira, mwayi wa kupulumuka ndi konzanso.

ndi m'mnyewa wamtima infarction Kodi

Mmenemonso pali chisokonezo a kapezedwe magazi minofu mtima, imbaenda ku kakulidwe ka zotsatira sizingasinthe. Pachimake kusowa mpweya sangathe kupitirirapo popanda kwambiri kusintha kapangidwe ndi ntchito za thupi.

Pa kukha magazi mu mtima kuoneka m'madera necrotic lomwe kenako sadzatha kuchita ntchito zake bwinobwino. Ali ndithu lalikulu kwambiri mtima kuukira zotsatira, mwayi wa kupulumuka zimadalira kwathunthu pa Timeliness of woyamba chithandizo kwa wozunzidwayo. Nditadwala mtima mtima minofu anakhudzidwa maselo m'malo mwa minofu connective, amene kwambiri zimasokoneza luso mtima kutenga.

Ngati inu mukukhulupirira zochitika za pa dziko lathu ali kuwanda chiwiri kwa yaikulu matenda a mtima. N'zothekanso kuganizira mfundo zotsatirazi:

• Pafupifupi 40% ya imfa msanga chifukwa cha infarction m'mnyewa wamtima.
• Ngati zochitika za m'mnyewa wamtima yaikulu kupulumuka% 17 zokha odwala.
• 11% odwala ayambiranso milandu kudwala.

Iwo ayenera kukumbukira kuti amuna a zaka zapakati pa zaka 45 ndi 50, nthawi zambiri amakhala kuti akuvutika matenda. Mu m'badwo uno wa thupi mtetezi wamkazi amachita monga esitirojeni, koma kwa zaka 70 chitukuko mabasi kwathunthu ndi kumaonjezera ngozi ya matenda a mtima ndi theka wamkazi wa anthu.

Palibe Mtima Center sangathe kuwonjezera matenda a "chachikulu mtima" mwayi wopulumuka ngati banja loyambirira la maola sasamalira thandizo Katswiri kwa wozunzidwayo.

Zimayambitsa matenda a mtima

Chifukwa chachikulu cha nthenda ya mtima - ndi kuwonongeka kwa mpanda wa mitsempha mipukutuyi atherosclerotic kuti asokoneze magazi. Izi zikhoza kuchitika mu pathologies zotsatirazi:

1. Atherosclerosis wa ziwiya inatsekeratu. Ngati zolengeza kufika chachikulu, tingathe kwathunthu ndigwire lumen wa chotengeracho.
2. kuthamanga okwera magazi, imbaenda ndi kuwonjezeka mu mtima kamvekedwe ndi thickening a mpanda. Ndipo ngati tingayerekezere kuli mipukutuyi mu mitsempha, yotsatira kuthamanga uyenderere zingachititse infarction kwambiri. Zotsatira, mwayi wa kupulumuka, konzanso kudzadalira mlingo wa thandizo.
3. Mafuta embolism amathanso kupangira thrombosis.
4. Opaleshoni occlusion ziwiya, ngati imachitika angioplasty.

Zina mwa zifukwa

matenda osati ali ndi zinthu angachititse chitukuko cha matenda a mtima, koma n'zotheka mayina zinthu zochepa zoipa zimene azitaya kangapo:

• Shuga amatha kukhala njira zina udindo vuto la mtima. Misinkhu okwera a shuga kagayidwe magazi zisakuyenda, tingayambe maonekedwe a sclerotic mipukutuyi mu ziwiya.
• Pa wamng'ono ndi matenda a mtima angayambe chifukwa kutengera za kumtundu.
• matenda a impso.
• Kupondelezedwa kwa chakudya.
• Owonjezera thupi.
• Low thupi ntchito.
• Kusuta, osati yogwira komanso chabe. Pa kusuta pali kuphipha magazi zotengera, imbaenda sedimentation cha othandiza magazi kuundana kuti zolengeza, pa nthawi, zimenezi zingapangitse kuti wathunthu alipo ya chotengera lumen.
• Zonse kumwa mowa kumabweretsa zotupa poizoni wa minofu mtima ndi mitsempha, kuwonjezera magazi, kutanthauza kuti vuto la mtima ndi kale pa dzanja.
• nkhawa kawirikawiri ndiponso kutopa.
• zolimbitsa thupi amaika sangathe kupitirirapo amaona mtima.
• Misempha, amene analanda ndi mtima khoma.
• matenda opatsirana, makamaka amene ali chikwiyire ndi staphylococci ndi streptococci.
• Okwera mafuta.
• Mkulu ndende ya triglycerides m'magazi.
• amadziwikira kugonana: inapeza kuti amuna zambiri amakhala ndi vuto la mtima kwambiri.
• Osauka mmene chilengedwe.

Ngati timaona kuti nthawi zambiri Tingaone osakaniza zifukwa zingapo chiopsezo, n'zosadabwitsa kuti ambiri nzika kusiyana yaikulu mtima vuto la mtima. Zotsatira, mwayi wa kupulumuka, konzanso nkhani zotsatirazi.

Nthawi amtima

Zizindikiro za matenda kudzadalira siteji ya chitukuko komanso angapo awo olekanitsidwa:

• PIS.
• The pachimake nyengo.
• Lakuthwa.
• Subacute.
• Postinfarction.

Nkofunika kusiyanitsa nthawi zimenezi pamodzi, kuti panthawi yake kupereka thandizo loyenerera munthu.

Zizindikiro za PIS

The zotsatira za nthenda yaikulu mtima mwina si mantha ngati kuzindikira njira ya siteji yoyamba ija wina chikhalidwe infarction. Nthawiyi amakhala ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi:

• Pali ululu mu chifuwa, kumene kungakhale intensities osiyana ndi stoped wochotsa "nitroglycerin".
• Kupuma movutikira.
• Kugwiritsa thukuta.
• Mtima mungoli chisokonezo.
• Nseru.
• Pamene aliyense anamuzunza yaikulu yekha itakula.
• Ngati inuyo electrocardiogram, chikaonekera chisokonezo kotunga magazi minofu mtima nthawi imeneyi.

Ngati nthawi kulabadira zizindikiro zimenezi, n'zotheka kuteteza yaikulu mtima (zotsatira zake). Mwayi wa kupulumuka (konzanso sayenera yaitali) adzakhala mkulu.

Symptomatology pachimake nyengo

Ngati yapitayi infarction chikhalidwe ukhoza nthawi yaitali, nthawi zina mwezi, nthawi sharpest kukula kudya mokwanira. Iwo amakhala ndi mawonetseredwe a zizindikiro zotsatirazi:

• Kutentha ululu chifuwa, yochokera kwa theka kumanzere ya thupi.
• kutsitsa magazi.
• Arrhythmia.
• Kupuma amakhala likukulira.
• Kusenda wotumbululuka, ozizira zochita thukuta.
• Munthu akhoza kutaya kutsitsimuka.
• Ngati mbali akhudzidwa kumbuyo kwa mtima, mukhoza kumva nseru, kupweteka m'mimba.
• Pali imfa.

Mbali pachimake angasonyeze zizindikiro atypical:

• Akulimbana ndi breathlessness.
• chifuwa.
• Edematous syndrome.
• Pali zizindikiro za ischemia ubongo.

Nthawi zina, zizindikiro kungakhale kwambiri ankavala. chikhalidwe ichi ukhoza maola awiri. Ngati nthawi imeneyi kupewa analephera, izo adzachititsa ena mavuto aakulu a nthenda yaikulu mtima. Mwayi wa kupulumuka (konzanso Pakufunika odwala zonsezi) azidalira kwathunthu pa chithandizo oyenerera.

The pachimake nthawi ya matenda

Kwa masiku angapo pambuyo kumuukira, pali nthawi pachimake. Patapita mtima chachikulu zizindikiro kuukira ndi malo awa:

• ululu pang'onopang'ono amachepetsa mwamphamvu ake.
• Anapanga necrotic mtima gawo.
• Kuthamanga magazi ndi kutentha thupi.
• Izo zimayambitsa mtima mungoli.
• Kupuma movutikira.

A sabata kuukira akuyamba nthawi subacute, amene amakhala ndi pakalibe ululu, normalization wa kugunda kwa mtima ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi. Chiwembu pa mtima minofu necrosis pang'onopang'ono m'malo ndi minofu yovulazidwa.

Pamene postinfarction nthawi, ndipo ukhoza mpaka miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, ndi mtima pang'onopang'ono azolowere zinthu zatsopano ntchito, kukhazikitsa njira compensatory. Wodwala akhoza kuona ayi kawirikawiri angina, kufupika kwa mpweya ndi zina anawawidwa mtima mungoli.

thandizo mu m'mnyewa wamtima

Yaikulu zotsatira m'mnyewa wamtima mwina amakhala osiyana cha kapangidwe, izo zonse zimadalira thandizolo choyamba. Kaya mtundu wa kudwala, munthuyo ayenera mofulumira kupereka thandizo isanafike madokotala:

1. Wodwala ayenera anabzala kapena ndi miyendo wopindidwa pa mawondo.
2. Onetsetsani kotunga mpweya wabwino, chifukwa kolala ili lotseguka, kuchotsa chimango kapena kutsegula zenera.
3. Sublingual piritsi kuti "nitroglycerin".
4. Popeza ziwengo kuti "Aspirin" akhoza kutafuna mankhwala mu kuchuluka kwa 300 mg.
5. Ngati wodwalayo anakomoka, m'pofunika kupatutsa pa mbali yake ndi mapendekeredwe mutu kumbuyo.
6. Modzipereka muyenera kuchita compressions pachifuwa ngati panali izo kusiya.
7. Yesani kudzilimbitsa wodwala, ndi mantha chonchi vuto si wothandizira.

Atathandiza adzaperekedwa wozunzidwayo kuchipatala kapena kudikira kufika ambulansi.

Zochita ambulansi oyeretsa

Chikadzangotha kufika kwa madokotala ambulansi anayamba cupping, ichi:

• Ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
• Ngati odwala chakhungu kupuma, ndiye ntchito ndi mpweya chigoba.
• Kuchotsa malemeredwe mtima zimamuthandiza mankhwala.
• Kutsimikiza matenda, mu ambulansi anapanga cardiogram.
• Wodwala anabweretsa ku chipatala, malingana uliri kungakhale odwala mwakayakaya wagawo kapena odwala mwakayakaya unit.

Chithandizo cha yaikulu mtima

Chithandizo cha vuto la mtima ayenera kuchitidwa kokha mu dipatimenti cardiology. Ntchito yaikulu ya madokotala:

1. Kupweteka.
2. Kuchepetsa dera zotupa necrotic.
3. Kubwezeretsa yachibadwa otaya magazi minofu mtima.
4. Kuchepetsa kufala kwa magazi kuundana.
5. Bwezerani mungoli matenda mtima.
6. Pitirizani magazi pa mlingo yachibadwa.

mankhwala awa ali analamula kuti kukhazikitsa ntchito izi:

1. Kupweteka mu gawo pachimake akhoza kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala othetsa ululu chomwa mankhwalawa, zikuphatikizapo "Morphine", "Promedol". Mankhwalawa ndi kutumikiridwa m'nsinga za mpumulo oyambirira ululu.
2. Kumasula ubongo excitability wambiri tranquillizers wasonyeza ( "ntchito diazepam" "Ine").
3. Thrombolytic mankhwala imene imaphatikizapo kulandira "alteplase," "Fiboinolizina". ndalama izi kusungunuka magazi kuundana, amachepetsa kukula kwa necrosis m'mnyewa wamtima.
4. Kolandira anticoagulants yaikulu imene ilipo "Aspirin".
5. Anatumizidwa Ace zoletsa kuti ziletsa mtima ntchito, dekhetsa kuthamanga ndi dilating magazi zotengera. Gulu zikuphatikizapo "Captopril", "Ranipril".
6. Zochizira arrhythmias cardioprotectors wasonyeza kulandira (mwachitsanzo, "Atenolol", "Propranolol").

Ngati mankhwala si mpumulo kwa wodwalayo, muyenera amachita opaleshoni.

Akuchira patapita amtima

Anthu ambiri amadabwa kuti: angati moyo Nditadwala mtima? Yankho kudzadalira osati pa chithandizo komanso moyenera konzanso. Mu nthawi pambuyo akuvutika ndi vuto la mtima n'kofunika kwambiri kuti achire osati thupi komanso maganizo. Wodwala Kwalamulidwa physiotherapy, koma muyenera kuthana ndi izo, mowirikiza kuyan'anila zimachitika. Sikuti Zochita yeniyeni kuthandiza kukonzanso dongosolo mtima, koma ndi ubwino:

• Kuyenda.
• Kutikita.
• Achire malo osambira.

Ngati inu zowawa nthenda yaikulu ya mtima, konzanso zikutanthauza Baibulo la chakudya. Kwenikweni tiyenera kuphatikiza zakudya matenda mtima ntchito:

• zamasamba ndi zipatso.
• Mkate.
• Timadziti.
• Kashi.

Zamgululi amachotsedwa menyu kuti imautsa mapangidwe mipukutuyi sclerotic mu zotengera:

• Mafuta mbale.
• Kusuta.
• Sausages.
• Batala ndi wowawasa kirimu.
• Mafuta kanyumba tchizi.

Ngati wodwala wavutika yaikulu mtima, angati moyo pambuyo matenda amenewa kudzadalira kugwilizana ndi malangizo onse a dokotala nawo. Wodwalayo adzayenera kusintha awo njira ya moyo:

1. Tiyenera kupita mu makhalidwe akale oipa, monga kusuta fodya ndi mowa.
2. Chepetsani zolimbitsa thupi.
3. Pewani mavuto.
4. Miyendo mu mpweya wabwino mu nyengo iliyonse.
5. Tengani mankhwala akuchipatala kuteteza mapangidwe mipukutuyi mu mitsempha ya magazi. Ambiri mwina, kusowa wonse ntchito mankhwala si hule kusuta.

zabwino kwambiri, ngati muli ndi mwayi kulandira konzanso mu apadera okalamba.

Zotsatira za matenda a mtima

Ngati panali yaikulu mtima, ndiye, monga ulamuliro, zotsatira zake zimakhala zoopsa kwa odwala:

• Arrhythmia.
• Thrombus lomenyera dongosolo mtima.
• monyanyira ananena mu ntchito ziwalo zambiri mkati.
• Anakana miyendo.
• Inu mukhoza kuona mawu matenda.
• Mmodzi wa kuopsa kwa aneurysm mtima ndi thromboembolism.
• M'mapapo mwanga edema.
• Mtima kulephera.
• Cardiogenic mantha.
• Kulakwila ntchito kupuma.
• Mtima kumangidwa.

Mwanjira kupewa chitukuko cha mavuto akuluakulu angathe kukhala mogwirizana ndi malangizo onse a dokotala, komanso kusintha moyo ndi maganizo awo thanzi lawo.

Kupewa matenda a mtima

Kupewa chitukuko cha matenda a mtima akhoza kukhala, ngati inu mosamala za thanzi lawo ndi kuteteza mapangidwe mipukutuyi sclerotic mu mitsempha ya magazi. Kuti zimenezi zitheke, malangizo zotsatilazi ziyenela kuyan'anidwa:

• Phatikizani mu zakudya zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba munali CHIKWANGWANI.
• Kuchepetsa kumwa mafuta, kusuta ndi zakudya yokazinga.
• Kukhala moyo wathanzi.
• Pakuti kupewa njira nkhawa yosangalala kuti adziwe.
• Kuchepetsa mlingo wa shuga magazi ndi mafuta.
• matenda aakulu kuchitiridwa.
• Dokotala anu pa zosayembekezereka kuukira angina.

M'mnyewa wamtima infarction - lalikulu mtima matenda zimene zingachititse kuti imfa, koma yense wopirira umamumvera malangizo kuchipatala chingalepheretse kudwala oopsa.