Mbiri ya Rus Kiev. Ziphunzitso za Vladimir Monomakh

N'zochititsa chidwi kuti Grand Duke Vladimir Monomakh, mosakayikitsa, amadziwika kuti ndi mmodzi wa anthu ofunika kwambiri m'mbiri ya Russian Medieval. Ndipotu, ndi ulamuliro wake umene umatsiriza nyengo ya Rus ya Kiev. Koma mu mbiri yakale ya ku Russia Vladimir Monomakh sanalowepo monga mtsogoleri wodziwika bwino, komanso monga woganiza ndi wolemba. Chipilala chophiphiritsira cha mabuku achikale achi Russia ndicho chomwe chimatchedwa "Malangizo a Vladimir Monomakh".

Chaka cholemba izi sichinaonekere. Zoona zake n'zakuti olemba mbiri osiyanasiyana amazitchula pa masiku osiyanasiyana. Ena amanena kuti inalembedwa ndi Grand Duke kumapeto kwa moyo wake, ndipo ena amapeza zifukwa zothetsera chibwenzi. Mwachitsanzo, wolemba mbiri Pogodin akunena kuti "Lamulo la Vladimir Monomakh" linalembedwa ndi kalonga popita ku Rostov. Ponena za zochitika zam'mbuyo mwazokha, izi, kuchokera pa zochitika za wolemba mbiri mwiniwake, siziri kanthu koma kenako zimayika.

Wolemba mbiri wina dzina lake Shlyakov anati "Lamulo la Vladimir Monomakh" m'chaka cha 1106. Amadziwitsanso mwezi ndi usana: ili ndi Lachisanu la sabata yoyamba ya Lenti, yomwe mu 1106 idagwa pa February 9. Malingana ndi wolemba mbiri, mu 1117 "Lamulo" linasinthidwanso ndi kalonga mwiniwake.

Lingaliro lopambana la memo

Tanthauzo la ziphunzitso za Vladimir Monomakh ndizokondweretsa ana ake komanso anthu onse omwe adzamva chilankhulochi, kutsatila mosamala malamulo onse a chikhalidwe ndi chikhalidwe, nthawi zonse kuwatsogolera, kuiwala zaumwini komanso "zosowa za banja." Zotsatira zake, chiphunzitsocho sichinapangidwe kwambiri ngati banja ngati mthunzi. Za izi ndikuyankhula.

Ziphunzitso za Vladimir Monomakh mwachidule

Zida

Mbali yeniyeni ya lemba ili ikhoza kutchedwa ubale wapamtima wa machitachita omwe ali ndi zinthu zojambulajambula. Ndizodabwitsa kuti malangizo onse a Grand Duke amathandizidwa osati ndi malemba a m'Baibulo okha, komanso ndi zitsanzo zosiyanasiyana za moyo wa Monomakh.

Zamkatimu

Ntchito zofunika kwambiri mu "Malamulo" ndizochitika. Ndipotu, ntchito yopatulika ya Grand Duke ndiyo kusamalira moyo wake, mgwirizano wake. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, kalonga ayenera kutsatira malamulo onse ndi malumbiro.

Vladimir Monomakh ankakhulupirira kuti mikangano yonse ya internecine imangowononga mphamvu zandale ndi zachuma za dziko lonse. Chinthu chokha chomwe chingawathandize kulemera kwa dziko ndi mtendere! Ndi chifukwa chake udindo wa wolamulira aliyense ndi kusunga mtendere.

Ntchito ina yofunika ya kalonga aliyense, malinga ndi Monomakh, ndi chisamaliro ndi chisamaliro chokhazikika cha kusintha kwa mpingo. "Lamulo la Vladimir Monomakh" limalimbikitsa wolamulira aliyense amene akufuna kuti alimbitse mphamvu zake, molimba mtima ndipo nthawi zonse amasonyeza kuti akudera nkhaŵa "zigawo za ansembe ndi amonke." Pa nthawi yomweyi, kalonga samalangiza ana ake kuti "apulumutse miyoyo" m'mabwalo a nyumba, ndiko kuti, kuti azitetezedwa kwa amonke, chifukwa izi ndi zachilendo kwa munthu wokonda moyo ndi wamphamvu. Monomakh amaitana kuti azisunga miyambo yachipembedzo monga kulapa ndi kugawira mphatso zachifundo.