Ndi mankhwala zakudya chiyani? Terms of kugulitsa katundu chakudya

Chakudya anapereka katundu mu chochuluka ndi yomalizidwa (kukonzedwa) mawonekedwe, amene angagwiritsidwe ntchito kwa chakudya anthu. Zikuphatikizapo: mankhwala zakudya ndi mwana chakudya, madzi a m'botolo, zakumwa zosiyanasiyana mowa, ndi zina zotero ..

Quality chakudya

Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa makhalidwe zimene zimakhudza mosazengereza mapangidwe a makonda ogula komanso kulenga mpikisano.

Khalidwe la chakudya ukufanizidwa ndi mndandanda wa katundu amene amasonyeza mphamvu za chotsirizidwa kuonetsetsa makhalidwe organoleptic, kufunika chamoyo chilichonse mwa zinthu zina, komanso kudalilika kupanga awo ndi ndalama. Pakati katundu kuti kudziwa phindu la mankhwala chakudya ndi luso zofunika zonse za anthu mu mphamvu, ndi mtengo ena zakudya, kulawa ndi thupi katundu.

Information zakudya

Zakudya mtengo wa katundu ndi chuma zikuluzikulu amakhala ndi zonse makhalidwe zothandiza mankhwala: kwachilengedwenso, mphamvu, mfundo zokhudza thupi ndi organoleptic, komanso apamwamba ndi digestibility.

Chakudya yodziwika ndi phindu mphamvu, amene anafotokozedwa ndi kukhalapo kwa mafuta, chakudya ndi mapuloteni. A kuchuluka kwa mphamvu m'thupi la munthu akhoza akamagwira makutidwe ndi okosijeni wa mowa organic zidulo. Ngati inu mukudziwa mipweya ya chotsirizidwa, mukhoza aziwerenga mphamvu yake.

Zonsezi chakudya ndi phindu kwachilengedwenso, chomwe ndi kukhalapo kwa zinthu zimenezi biologically yogwira mu mawonekedwe a amino zidulo, micro- ndi macronutrients, mavitamini ndi mafuta polyunsaturated. zigawo izi akhoza m'malo ndi zinthu zina chakudya, popeza alibe lithe machitidwe aliyense enzyme m'thupi la munthu.

Mtengo thupi anatsimikiza chifukwa chakuti mankhwala chakudya angathe zimakhudzanso pa mtima, mantha ndi m'mimba machitidwe anthu. Komanso, anapatsidwa mtengo wa mankhwala amenewa amakonda kulimbikira kwa matenda a thupi.

Ubwino chifukwa organoleptic khalidwe zizindikiro foodstuff: kapangidwe, maonekedwe, kukoma, fungo, kutsitsimuka digiri. Choncho, mankhwala chakudya mu maonekedwe kuonjezera kudya bwino odzipereka. Kukoma ndi kununkhira mu mankhwala yomalizidwa ndi yovuta, kotero nthawizina kupanga mankhwala chakudya pogwiritsa ntchito njira yapadera ya processing.

The ndondomeko ya ndikukhazikitsa chakudya

Kugulitsa katundu chakudya oyenera kudya kungakhale ndithu bizinezi. Pambuyo zinthu zonsezi, ndi apamwamba ake, ndi mpikisano ndithu mu msika, kupereka opanga wake kudalira ntchito. Komabe, zimenezi zimafuna ena khama. Mwachitsanzo, inakwaniritsidwa kuonetsetsa mulingo woyenera zida luso kumalo a ntchito, kupezeka kwa akatswiri kwambiri oyenerera, ndi zina zotero. D. Pa siteji koyamba kungafune ena ndalama chuma, amene adzapitiriza kupanga yodalirika.

The katundu wa Chakudya

Mtundu wa mankhwala, tanthauzo la mawu ndi zinthu ndalama bwanji thupi katundu. Iwo: kukula, mawonekedwe, mtundu, kulemera, kachulukidwe, chilungamo, mphamvu ndi kulimba.

Mouthfeel zomverera zigwirizana kununkhira (fungo) ndipo, ndithudi, kukoma. Malinga ndi chuma ichi, magulu otsatirawa katundu chakudya: lokoma, mchere, wowawasa ndi kowawa. Fungo anatsimikiza ziwalo olfactory ndi chizindikiro kwambiri kwa Zokoma , ndi zakumwa zosiyanasiyana.

zizindikiro Health katundu chakudya

Tizilombo ndi microbiological magawo kwa magulu onse uphungu ndi malamulo ndi malangizo zogwirizana. The kuyeza kwambiri ukhondo amafuna luso kwa anthu mankhwala amene tinasonkhanitsa pa processing a zipangizo.

Wounikira ya chakudya khalidwe tingadziwire kugwilizana awo ndi zofunikira za zikalata pamwamba, komanso kudziwa akugwirizana ndi quality, ngati uli mu gulu la ena zopangidwa ndi mitundu.

Zikhalidwe za kusungiramo katundu

Mwa mankhwala chakudya zinthu yosungirako ayenera kukhala otsatirawa:

- zoletsedwa ndi malamulo onse kofunika kaikidwe ka katundu yosungirako;

- Compliance ndi ulamuliro nyengo yosungirako;

- kugwilizana ndi mfundo za ukhondo.

Pamene kuwayika phindu chakudya katundu mu malo oyamba ayenera kulemekezedwa m'dera malamulo, zochokera ngakhale katundu. Awa ndi mankhwala amene ali modes ofanana yosungirako, ndipo alibe kusokoneza mzake. Chifukwa cha kusiyana kwa katundu sorbing mankhwala amenewa kumachitika ena kusokonekera chinyezi zomwe zingachititse wetting wa katundu wina ndi shrinkage.

Komanso, pamene kuwayika chakudya mu yosungirako kofunika kusunga mfundo za magwiritsidwe akadakwanitsira cha malo. Pogwira mfundo momasuka ndi katundu namfunsa mpweya adzakhala pofuna kuonetsetsa yunifolomu kutentha.

mode nyengo amapereka kugwilizana ndi chinyezi wachibale ndi kutentha mpweya, komanso mpweya kapangidwe kake, kufotokoza mpweya ndi kuwala. Pakuti aliyense gulu la mankhwala chakudya ali yosungirako yake mode. Kulephera chifukwa angayambitse zomvetsa ndi kuchepetsedwa mankhwala khalidwe.

Pa kusungiramo zolondola kudzadalira pa mitengo ya katundu chakudya. Popeza mankhwala okha ndi maganizo abwino, fungo lokoma ndi zothandiza adzakhala kufunika kumsika Russian.