Film epic "Kumasuka": a zisudzo, chiwembu

Kwa nthawi yaitali za Great kukonda dziko lako nkhondo inajambulidwa mafilimu ochepa. Mu 1967 iye anali anajambula filimu epic "Kumasuka" amene zisudzo ali kwenikweni kusamutsidwa kwa kotala zapitazo, ndipo anakhala nthawi yovuta kwambiri nkhondo. Director Yuri Ozerov anadziwa za nkhondo ndi kuyesera kupanga chirichonse monga lodalirika, koma anamenyela pambuyo filimu si kwambiri.

Amene nawo chilengedwe cha chithunzi

Akatswiri akhala akugwira momwe mulinso m'mayiko ambiri. Film epic "Kumasuka" imene zisudzo ndi kupirira ntchitoyo, analengedwa ndi khama la anthu amene anabwera chifukwa cha:

• USSR;
• East Germany;
• Poland;
• Italy;
• Romania.

Ambiri a zisudzo anapemphedwa ku owonetsera USSR. Ngakhale kuti sitingathe kunena kuti iwo onse anali chithunzi cha ed. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti udindo wa Winston Churchill, m'modzi wa omwe adayambitsa wa masewera aja mafumu anaitanidwa - chisudzo ndi Oweta Yuri Durov.

Zinali zovuta kuwombera. Film epic "Kumasuka", ndi zisudzo oimira m'mayiko osiyanasiyana mosamala kuyang'anira Komiti chapakati cha CPSU. Mwachitsanzo, chifukwa mayeso pa filimu silitchula zaka zoyambirira za nkhondo, amene sanali bwino kwambiri, ndi kanthu akuyamba ku nkhondo ku gulu lankhondo la Soviet pa za Kursk lofufuma kwambiri mbali imodzi.

Mmene ziwalo zambiri lagawidwa Saga

Okwana polojekitiyi zikuluzikulu, pali 5 mafilimu amene anajambula zolemba pa nthawi nthawi - zaka 4. Kale mu 1972, chachisanu cha chithunzi anatuluka pa zenera lonse. Pakuti script anaitanidwa odziwika bwino mu masiku amenewo, mtolankhani Oscar Kurganov amene anatsogolera malipoti ochokera kutsogolo, ndipo wake Co-wolemba anadziwika ntchito yake "Hot Snow" Yuri Bondarev.

Mwa njira, zinalembedwa m'buku limenelo mu 1970, pamene filimu inajambulidwa "Kumasuka". mndandanda onse ndi mfundo masiku ano, anali kudziona mtundu filimu. Ngati mukufuna kuona filimu, ndiye muyenera kuthera pa zenera maola pafupifupi asanu ndi theka. Mbali ya buku mu filimu wachita "Battalions Funsani Moto", yomwe kenako anajambula payokha. Mu "ukapolo" zikomo bukuli anaonekera, Alexander, ankaimba ndi tsopano wotchuka Sergei Nikonenko.

"Moto Arc"

Pamene anajambula filimu "Kumasuka" zisudzo za osati analekerera kwa zaka zingapo zapitazo, koma anali wodziwika kanjedza mbiri. Mu gawo loyamba tikuona lamulo la USSR, wopangidwa mwa Zhukov, Vasilevsky ndi Rokossovsky. Osankhidwa monga mofanana prototypes a zisudzo mu filimu "Kumasuka". An epic (Ndime 1), zomwe zisudzo, ndithudi, luso, ambiri anapereka chiyambi mu moyo. Mikhail Ulyanov Mwachitsanzo, ankaimba Zhukov pambuyo filimu imeneyi osachepera 15 nthawi, pambuyo pa imfa anaikidwa ulemu wonse nkhondo monga kulamulira woona.

Kuwombera wa wotchuka Nkhondo ya Kursk, lomwe lili ndi mbali yoyamba ya Saga, anali ikuchitika pafupi ndi Kiev. Part filimu limasonyeza zithunzi kunkhondo, anawomberedwa pa filimu mtundu ndi utoto akugwiritsa ntchito chiwalitsiro cha mabuku a mbiri yakale, Mwachitsanzo, allocated chochitika mu Moscow. Sizinapezekebe analandira chifukwa cha ndewu kuwombera chilolezo kuwombera pa Kursk. Chifukwa ntchito makombola akhoza amaphulika anakhalabe m'dziko la mabomba kapena mizinga.

"Yojambula"

N'zochititsa chidwi pa filimu onse "Kumasuka" (filimu): a zisudzo, nkhani ya chilengedwe ndi weniweni zinachitikadi. Gawo lachiwiri ndi chidwi kwambiri pa nkhani imeneyi. Limanena za maganizo Chibelarusi Front, amene analengedwa mwachindunji kupatulako ambiri a nkhondo German.

Pa dzanja limodzi, ndi N'zomvetsa chisoni, monga zokometsera zonse bridgehead onyenga anali ataphedwa, koma ena, izi ndi zimene zingathandize asilikali Soviet anamasula Orel ndi Belgorod.

Mu gawo ili pali Italy wosewera - Ivo Garrani, ankaimba ndi Benito Mussolini. Iye anamangidwa pa zochita ndi kumumasula ku m'ndende akuyamba German Chitaliyana kampeni. Chilombocho kutha gawo ili la msonkhano ku Tehran, womwe unachitikira mu 1943.

"The malangizo kuukira waukulu"

Mu 1944 iye anamasulidwa gawo Soviet. Izi limatiuza filimu epic "Kumasuka", ndi zisudzo amene analankhula osati chabe za nkhondo, koma chimene chinkachitika mu ofesi ya Commander Wamkulukulu. Mwachitsanzo, mu gawo ili la omvera anamuonetsa chiwembu wa Generalitat, imene Hitler anali kuti aphedwe. Adolf Hitler ndi ophunzira ena mu nkhondo pa mbali German ankaimba zisudzo odziwika mu German Democratic Republic. oimira German nawo filimu anakana.

Front-mzere kafukufuku anali imachitika mu malo oyamba wotchuka nkhondo zinadindidwanso - kunja kwa mzinda wa Pereyaslav-Khmelnitsky. Amagwira ntchito choterocho, monga filimu epic "Kumasuka" zisudzo ankamangidwanso amanyansidwa ntchito "Bagration", chomwe chinali chofunika kwambiri. Mufilimuyi wachitatu mu magawo awiri kuti azigwirizana ndi kufotokoza mwatsatanetsatane zochitika zonse zikuchitika pa nthawi.

"Nkhondo ya Berlin"

filimuyi Limanena za nkhondo yaikulu chikuchitika kunja kwa mzinda wa Berlin. Komanso, chinaonekeranso wotchuka Yalta Conference, anapezeka ndi Roosevelt, Churchill ndi Stalin. Roosevelt ankaimba ndi wosewera Polish, koma udindo wa Iosifa Vissarionovicha anaitanidwa kuti apereke Chijojiya - Buhuti Zakariadze.
N'zochititsa chidwi, ngati inu kuwona zithunzi kuwombera (filimu epic "Kumasuka"), zisudzo amene anachita izo, inu kumbukirani kwa nthawi yaitali, ngakhale sali zonse iwowo. Mwachitsanzo, gawo lachitatu la filimu watenga mbali wolemba wotchuka wosewera ndi khalidwe kuipidwa - Vasily Shukshin. zovuta zake kupeza chifukwa chakuti ngwazi wake , polimbana Konev anali atameta dazi mutu.

"Final kumenya"

Pakuti kujambula wa gawo ili la GDR osati chinathandiza ingachititse tepi, koma anapereka chilolezo kuti agwire ntchito mumzinda wawo. Kuti recreate Reichstag nawo anali malo katatu: mapulani review nyenyezi mu tchalitchi dilapidated mu Germany, malo a zinalengedwa pa Mosfilm (zokongola), ndi kumtunda kwa likulu la Nazi wakhala Berlin kunyumba zipangizo.

Anajambula filimu epic "Kumasuka", ndi zisudzo ndi udindo umene tsopano tikambirana chitsanzo mafilimu zina za nkhondo pafupi ndi likulu la German Democratic Republic, nkhani yokonzanso. Monga pakati pa dziko la Germany, m'nyumba zonse akhala chilengedwe cha filimu, posakhalitsa anagwetsa, ndipo mu malo awo amanga kotala latsopano.

Powonekera mu yapansi wa Berlin

A zambiri kutsutsana ndi filimu anatengera mbiriyakale - osefukira wa German Metro. Ambiri amakhulupirira chochitika zongopeka. Kuphulika anali Anazi anafunika kudula asilikali Soviet wotero njira yachidule kuzungulira, kotero iwo atamusamutsa mwachindunji misewu. Yopangidwa akatswiri ake ku SS detachment "Nordland".

Chinaonekeranso chochitika ichi (filimu epic "Kumasuka") zisudzo ochokera m'mayiko awiriwa. chochitika ali moyo weniweniwo anali wachisoni kwambiri mfundo za nkhondo, monga mwa una wa lobisika wamba ndiwobvulazidwa. Zimenezi ankagwiritsa ntchito mu filimu kusonyeza kusowa kwa umphumphu wa achifasizimu.

Powonekera mu reyhkantselyarii

Mu gawo wachisanu anali wina powonekera wotchuka, amene anali ndiye mnyamata wosewera Leonid Kuravlev. Iye watenga signaller wolimba, amene kukoka chingwe reyhkantselyariyu. Mu filimu anakhala umboni unwitting imfa ya Goebbels, ankaimba ndi Horst Giese.

N'zochititsa chidwi wosewera izi sikuti anaonekera mu magawo atatu otsiriza a epic, koma anachita kanema loyamba: pali udindo wake anali ochepa - iye amapezeka chimango monga mkaidi wa sapper lapansi. Chifukwa amange ongowalingalirawa amaona si onse kuonerera.

Asilikali amene anamenya nkhondo ndi moyo pa zowonetsera

N'zochititsa chidwi kuti mu filimu "Kumasuka" (filimu) zisudzo asilikali, chosiyana ndi anthu asolola pa timapepala ta kampeni ankaimba. Ambiri ananena kuti iwo anali kwenikweni, moyo, kusonyeza maganizo awo. Mwa iwo anali ophwanya chilango ndi chikondi.

Mwachitsanzo, anthu a m'nkhaniyi, ankaimba Larisa Golubkina ndi Nikolay Olyanin yasonyezedwa pa TV si mtima, komanso chikondi chenicheni. Yuri Kamorny, amene ankaimba Lt. thanki asilikali, kumbukirani zochitika za mukagone mu zida za nkhondo. Yuri Shtemenko, amene akulangizidwa chithunzi sanali kwambiri ndi zochitika. Komabe, nayenso sanasangalale. Cleon Protasov ankaimba mwachilungamo, koma wotsogolera anali ataphonya chifukwa chakuti pa zomangira phewa Shtemenko anali nyenyezi zambiri mu 1943 ndipo analibe malamulo ochepa. Kusankha ya mwiniyi zinachitikadi ndi Archive usilikali, ndipo kunapezeka kuti deta si odalirika kwambiri.

Ngati chifanizo cha omvera wolimba, koma pa nthawi yomweyo nditaona Dorozhkina wailesi woyendetsa, ankaimba ndi Valeriy Nosik. Pa nthawi filimu moyobe Zhukov, koma zithunzi ndi moyo msilikali uyu ndi kumanzere zosayenela. Iwo anapanga filimu bwinobwino ndi zokopa zochepa. Ndi lodziwika bwino asilikali akuluakulu oyendetsa anali kukambirana pafupifupi mapazi.

Kuti sanali otsutsa

Ngakhale kuti tsopano analangiza pa zana anamenyela ndi atsogoleri ena a zikuchitika anali maganizo. Mmodzi sanali msilikali anafotokoza zenizeni m'moyo, winayo - nkhani yaing'ono ndi zithunzi. Chigawo choyamba molakwa anasankha pamene kujambula: m'chiyambi cha filimu Moon unali kuonekera mu mlengalenga, koma kwenikweni mu 1943 anali mwezi lero.

Kuwonjezera kutsutsa Shtemenko, lomwe kale tafotokozazi, chithunzi chachiwiri mlandu kusadalirika. Maganizo anali zochitika komwe Zhukov wofunsira Epishev. Mu moyo weniweniwo, izi zikhoza kukhala chifukwa chakuti polimbana anali wotchuka ndi zosankha zake ndi chikhalidwe imperious. Ataonera mbali yoyamba ya "Kumasuka" Epishev kumanzere situdiyo kunena tiwonana.

Nthawiyi, mabwalo pafupifupi zolankhula kunachitidwa, kuti chochitika ichi anasanduka filimu anatsogoleredwa ndi chipani mphamvu. Ndi nthawi ya epic pa zowonetsera Episheva yoikidwiratu General wa Army ndi mutu wa Dipatimenti andale.

Veterans a nkhondo thanki anadzudzula yanthaŵi wa asilikali melee nkhondo Soviet ndi German. Mu nkhani ya akasinja awiri (m'modzi pa mbali) ndi zidawala. A mathanki m'malo mphodza koyenera kuti zida asilikali, analumpha kuchokera ndipo anayamba kumenyana ndi manja. Ndipotu, asilikali kuzimitsa moto anapita kwawo pa akasinja, osati powasamalira mzake.

Kuyankha kwa epic ndi

Ambiri, anthu anachita chithunzi ndi osokoneza. Pa nthawi imeneyo, anthu sanali anazolowera masomphenya luso la mabuku a mbiri yakale, kutanthauzira zosiyana ankaoneka amwano. Pa nthawi yomweyo, mbali ziwiri zapitazi filimuyo anapatsidwa pa chikondwerero ku Tbilisi monga mafilimu bwino za nthawi.

Ambiri amene ankachita nawo filimu "Kumasuka" (filimu) zisudzo tsopano kuzindikirike ndi okondedwa. Tanena kale kuti Ulyanov mu filimu anapereka udindo watsopano - anakhala bwino wa kafadala mu mbiri ya mafilimu a kanema. Siziri aitanidwa udindo umenewu, chifukwa iye ankasewera kwambiri lodalirika, omvera ankakhulupirira ndi okondedwa chithunzichi. Stills ku filimu, kumene Ulyanov ankaimba wamphamvu mkulu wa asilikali, anakhala maziko kanema "The mtsogoleri wamkulu Georgy Zhukov."

tepi iyi, mmodzi mwa anthu ochepa amene sanaiwale mu nthawi yathu. Iwo anali kwathunthu anakongoletsa mu 2002. ntchito ikuchitika pa situdiyo waukulu, anali nawo kuwombera, "Mosfilm". Iwo ali ndi akatswiri waudindo wake. Pambuyo epic unalembedwa pa ma CD ndi kugulitsidwa wakuti "Nthano ya Soviet Cinema". Nthawiyi, osati zithunzi zonse m'gulu magazini atsopano a epic lapansi. Pa ntchito kubwezeretsa tepi anali Makanema chotaika cha mbali yachinayi. Onani kuukira kwa Seelow Heights, chimachitika usiku, tinatha okhawo amene ndapeza magazini German pa chithunzipo.

Mu 2011, gulu anachita chidwi mu "Choyamba Channel". akatswiri zake "penti" kwambiri mafilimu nkhondo, ndi "Kumasuka" anali nazonso. Mufilimuyi wasintha ulamuliro - wakhala yaikulu mtundu ndi kwathunthu akuda. N'zochititsa chidwi fano khalidwe wakhala bwino. Onani buku kusinthidwa ambiri okhala m'dziko lathu, mu 2011, njira kokha kusinthidwa tepi, koma anasonyezanso ngati mmodzi wa mafilimu za nkhondo.