US pulezidenti ndege: mwachidule, maonekedwe, makhalidwe ndi mfundo zosangalatsa

US ndege Pulezidenti ndi chizindikiro omveka a United States ambiri ndi udindo wa munthu woyamba makamaka. Nthawi mutu wa boma amayendera kunja kapena dziko, iye anapatsidwa zina zamakono ndi wapamwamba Airbus. Tsiku losaiwalika kwa September 11 ndege ya George W. Chitsamba Choyaka wasonyeza kuti kwambiri kuposa ndege ndege - "747" anakhala bunker mafoni pamene maudindo onse pansi ankaoneka ngati osatetezeka ndi kuukira.

Nanga kusiyana kwake, "Air Force wina" pa ndege zina, ndi kuti amafuna kuti mutu wa boma akhoza kuwuluka padziko lonse? Ngati tikambirana mmene ndegeyo amanyamula Pulezidenti US, n'zosadabwitsa kuti atolankhani kuzitcha izo "zouluka White House".

Kodi "Air Force wina"?

anthu ambiri kukhala ndi chithunzithunzi cha ndege ya Pulezidenti US - zouluka ofesi ndi mitundu yonse ya chamagetsi. Koma pali mfundo ziwiri zofunika zimene anthu ambiri amadziwa pang'ono.

Mwaukadaulo, "Air Force wina" ndege si. Izi chizindikiro wailesi kuitana kwa ndege iliyonse ya US Air Force, onyamula Purezidenti wa United States. Mwamsanga pamene mutu wa boma ndi galimoto zouluka, izo akutchulidwa adalira ndi opha onse monga "Air Force gulu №1» (Air Force wina) kuti asasokonezeke ndi ndege ina m'deralo. Ngati pulezidenti chimachititsanso pa ndege la asilikali, umatchedwa "Army gulu №1», ndi nthawi iliyonse iye afika pa ndege ake apadera, iye amakhala "board zombo №1». Koma anthu wamba kotero ankadzitcha kuti "747".

Purezidenti wa United States Air: Features

Pakali pano, pali ndege ziwiri zimene zimawuluka zonse pansi pa chikhazikitso ichi - pafupifupi zofanana "Boeing 747-200B". ndege yekha ndi lakuti VC-25a ndi manambala mchira 28000 ndi 29000.

ndege awiri awa ali chimodzimodzi dongosolo ambiri ochiritsira "Boeing 747-200B" ndi makhalidwe ofanana. Iwo ali pafupifupi kutalika womwewo wa nyumba zisanu storey (19.8 m) ndi kutalika kwa nyumba ya mzinda (70.66 m). Aliyense ali ndi anayi injini ndege General Zamagetsi CF6-80C2B1, yomwe samatha 252 kN lililonse. Liwiro pazipita ndi mu osiyanasiyana kuchokera 1014 mpaka 1127 Km / h ndi denga pazipita ndi 13747 m. Aliyense ndege amanyamula malita 203129 wa mafuta. ndegeyo akulemera makilogalamu 377.842 mu kwathunthu zithetsedwe ndege boma yaitali kwambiri kuposa zonse. Ndi ndege zonse thanki kuwuluka mozungulira theka la dziko (12553 km).

Mofanana ndi wamphamvu "747", milingo awa atatu a ndege. Koma m'kati mwa "board №1» n'kosiyana ndege malonda.

Mkati Air Force wina

Pulezidenti US ndege, chochezera amene ali m'dera zothandiza mamita lalikulu 371. m. zambiri ngati hotelo kapena ofesi kuposa jetliner, ndi kupatulapo malamba chitetezo pa mipando yonse. Mlingo wotsikitsitsa ntchito kwenikweni katundu. Ambiri a m'dera zonyamula ndi pa mlingo pakati, ndi pamwamba makamaka anatengedwa ndi zida kulankhulana.

Pulezidenti ali pa bolodi malo ogona, monga chipinda chake, bafa, masewero olimbitsa thupi komanso maofesi. Ambiri mwa mipando ndege opangidwa ndi dzanja cabinetmakers mbuye.

Ndodo pamodzi lalikulu msonkhano chipinda, amene akutumikira monga chipinda chodyera. Chiwerengero apamwamba ndi maofesi awo, pamene antchito otsala utsogoleli pulezidenti kwambiri, ndi malo ntchito kusangalala. Pali malo osiyana Atolankhani ndi m'munsili, komanso mipata yokwanira kwa ogwira ntchito. Nthawi zambiri, US pulezidenti ndege iliyonse kunyamula m'basimo 70 mamembala 26 adalira.

Hollywood Baibulo

"Air Force wina" anasonyezedwa kwa mkati mu eponymous Hollywood filimu cha 1997 ndi Harrison Ford mu udindo wa pulezidenti US. Ngakhale mbali zina za chilengedwe zingaoneke amafanana ndi wotsogolera choyambirira cha filimu anapatsidwa danga kuti zilandiridwenso luso. Palibe ndege weniweni kupulumutsidwa kapisozi monga tikuonera mu filimu, ndipo ngakhale parachutes. Kumene, afunkha kapisozi - si chinachake chimene ife tikhoza kulankhula.

Kamangidwe

US pulezidenti ndege ndi waphimbika mu nthano yina, chachinsinsi kampira, makamaka chifukwa chida chimenechi okha kwa anthu ambiri. Ngakhale andale anaitanidwa ndi atolankhani saloledwa m'madera ena, ndi Air Force mosamala zokwanira kubisa mfundo yeniyeni Kamangidwe ndege. Kodi zinsinsi amasunga ndege ya pulezidenti? chiwerengero A magwero nduna ndipo zosavomerezeka lofalitsidwa ikulongosola ambiri a zinthu mkati "board №1», koma palibe ngakhale mmodzi, monga momwe ife tikudziwira, osati kwenikweni kuti ndi mbali n'zogwirizana. Ndipo ngakhale munthu anatero, iye mwina akanati analandira malangizo aulemu kubisa mfundo imeneyi chifukwa cha chitetezo cha dziko.

Apa pali chimene ife tikudziwa: mwachizolowezi "747", pulezidenti US mu ndege lagawidwa adzikometsa atatu. Ndipo, ngati inu mungapange pa wailesi yakanema, anthu m'basimo kulowa mkati mwa zitseko atatu. Kawirikawiri mutu wa boma, Kulandira Mpweya amasangalala ndi khomo pa sitimayo pakati, amene amayendetsa ndi kudzikonda injini zonyamula masitepe. Atolankhani amalowera kumbuyo kwa chitseko, pamene iwo yomweyo mukwere makwerero sitimayo pakati. Ambiri a m'deralo, chifukwa cha khamu amaoneka ngati gawo loyamba kalasi ya ochiritsira zapamadzi ndege, ndi omasuka komanso lalikulu makhalidwe.

Mwanzeru ayeneranso:

• kumene anthu ogwirako;
• wopalasa ngalawayo;
• chipinda msonkhano ndi chipinda chodyera;
• pulezidenti ndi chiwerengero ofesi yake;
• malo ntchito ndi ena ogwira ntchito.

Ndipo, ndithudi, ayenera kukhala aya likulu chipinda, okonzera ndi cockpit, monga yonyamula mwachizolowezi malonda.

Pamodzi ndi ntchito atsopano a malo galimotolo "board №1» muli zosiyanasiyana umisiri kuti tikutero ku ndege ochiritsira ndege.

Features

Popeza "board №1» Amakweza pulezidenti, ena maulendo kungakhale yaitali ndithu, ndipo ndegeyo angapo mbali yapadera, ambiri amene ali kwina pa ndege boma.

Adalira akukonzekera chakudya awiri m'makhitchini okonzeka. A wambirimbiri zakudya kusungidwa mu mufiriji pa sitimayo pansi. Adalira akhoza kudyetsa kwa anthu 100 pa nthawi ndi limalola yosungirako ndi katundu wa ndalama 2,000.

umisiri ambiri nawo Bay zachipatala. Pali mankhwala ambiri, kwambiri zida mankhwala mwadzidzidzi, ndipo ngakhale khola-kunja opaleshoni tebulo. Adalira unalinso ndi dokotala amene akuyenda ndi wapampando, kulikonse kumene akupita. Zofunika, ndege maximally wokonzedwera kwa contingencies n'kotheka.

Mosiyana alipidwa "747", "board №1" ali okonzeka ndi makwerero yake retractable kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo kwa yogonamo ndiponso alighting. Stairways kutsegula kumtunda m'munsi sitimayo, ndipo mamembala adalira ndi ndodo mukwere staircase mkati kuwafika sitimayo chapamwamba. ndegeyo alinso katundu yake Komatsu. Ndi zina izi, "board №1» zimadalira pa misonkhano ya ndege, amene akhoza kusokoneza chitetezo.

E-kudzazidwa

Mbali chidwi ndege ndi zamagetsi ake. Pamafunikanso 85 pa bolodi mafoni, Kutolere mawailesi, makina fax ndi kugwirizana kompyuta. Komanso, pali 19 ma TV ndipo zosiyanasiyana zida ofesi. dongosolo telefoni chikugwirizana mizere dziko ndi zisonyezo boma ochiritsira. Pulezidenti ndi ndodo yake akhoza kulankhula kwa munthu aliyense mu dziko, kusunthira pa ikuthamanga liwiro la makilomita angapo kuchoka pansi.

Ntchito adakwera zamagetsi popereka 380 Km a mawaya (kawiri kuposa alipidwa "747"). Kutetezedwa zokwanira kuteteza zida kuchokera zimachitika mu atomu opangidwa ndi bomba la nyukiliya.

Chinthu china ndi luso imafunika kuthiridwa mafuta mu ndege. Komanso B-2 kapena omenyana ndege zina timatha chotengera kukhalabe mu mlengalenga mpaka kalekale, chomwe chingathe kukhala yofunika kwambiri mwadzidzidzi.

Ena mwa zinthu zosangalatsa kwambiri za "board №1» - avionics patsogolo ndi chitetezo - anawagawira. Koma Air Force ankanena kuti ndege ndithudi nkhondo, ndi cholinga kupirira chilichonse cholimbana mpweya. Komanso, ali okonzeka ndi zipangizo jamming, chimene chingathe jamming mdani Rada. ndegeyo ndi angathe kuwombera infuraredi msampha kupatulako kutentha kufunafuna mivi.

kukonzekera Flight

Aliyense ndege "board №1» zimagawidwa monga ntchito za nkhondo ndi kutulutsa mogwirizana. Servicemen pa Andrews Air Force Base ku Maryland pang'ono kunyamuka mosamala kuyendera ndege ndi msewu wonyamukira ndege.

Pankhani kulitenga kuchokera nthawi ya ndege pulezidenti amapereka mutu wa boma ku White House kuti Andrews Air Force Base. ogwira m'munsi oyang'anira ndege wosaloleka pafupi ndi ali ndi ufulu kuwombera iwo pansi popanda chenjezo.

Musanadye ndege, "board №1» Air Force atumiza kwa kopita katundu ndege C141 Starlifter, onyamula motorcade ya pulezidenti. Pamafunikanso Kutolere limousines zipolopolo ndi Vans, yodzaza ndi zida chitetezo cha mutu boma pansi.

Pulezidenti nthawi ifika m'munsi ndi "mpira" - sutukesi imene kusunga zizindikiro kwa analamula nyukiliya. Air Force kapitawo akulondali iye pa ndege, pamaso yakupereka kapitawo wa asilikali pansi.

Mwayi ntchito ndi wapampando

Monga mmene jetliner wamba, munthu woyamba wa dziko anali ndi ndege ndege adalira ndi adindo kukonzekera ndi kutumikira chakudya, ndi kuyeretsa ndegeyo. Iwo kuwasankha ya usilikali ndi mbiri wopanda. Adalira anthu amene chakudya ayenera kutsatira ndi mkulu mlingo wa chitetezo. Mwachitsanzo, kugula chakudya, ntchito ikayamba ndi sankhani amagulako mwayi kuteteza pofuna poizoni. Anatumikira ndi ndege za Purezidenti US steeper pahotela.

mamembala adalira n'zochepa kwambiri mwayi - iwo ntchito ndi wapampando pamene iye ali mu mkhalidwe pachiopsezo. Lililonse pulezidenti kuyambira Harry Truman, ankagwirizana kwambiri ndi kuthawa adalira ndi ndege otsiriza wakhala maganizo.

Pulezidenti ndege: Mbiri ya American "board №1»

Mpaka nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse, mutu United States kawirikawiri anapita kutali ndi kwawo. Kupita ku mayiko ena anatenga nthawi yochuluka ndi kudula mutu wa dziko ndi mabungwe akuluakulu.

Kukula kwa ndege walola pulezidenti kuti kuyenda padziko lonse ndiponso kubwerera ku US kwa kanthawi kochepa. Mu 1943, Franklin Ruzvelt anakhala mtsogoleri woyamba wa dziko kuti wauka mu mlengalenga ndi kupita pa chombo zouluka "Boeing-314" pa msonkhano ku Casablanca.

Roosevelt anaganiza kuchita zimenezo, chifukwa sitima zankhondo German anapanga nyanja oopsa kwambiri. Koma bwino ntchito kupanga ndege muyezo njira ya kayendedwe ka Pulezidenti. Posachedwapa, boma waganiza kuonetsetsa wapadera asilikali ndege pulezidenti. Air Force poyamba anasankha C-87A angamasuledi Express, ndi yoponya mabomba B-24 kukhazikitsidwa ntchito wamba, amene ikutchedwa ndi "tiziike kumene."

Pambuyo wina C-87A inaonongeka m'mikhalidwe chozizwitsa, utumiki chitetezo anaganiza kuti ndegeyo si odalirika okwanira kwa pulezidenti. Posachedwapa, kwa Roosevelt linakonzedwa ndi C 54 Skymaster, adali ndi kuchipinda, ndi radiotelephone ndi retractable Matola a wilutcheya. The ndege, dzina "la Cow Opatulika", onyamula mutu wa boma pa nambala ya utumwi zofunika, kuphatikizapo wotchuka msonkhano Yalta.

Pulezidenti Truman "ng'ombe wopatulika" anatengera, koma ndiye m'malo ndi kusinthidwa DC-6, lotchedwa "wodzilamulira." Mosiyana ndi ndege yapita, latsopano "board №1» wolemekezeka kukonda dziko lako mitundu ndi mutu mphungu pa kutsogolo kwa. Eisenhower ziwiri zofanana tinakwera ndege anapatsidwa zipangizo akweza, kuphatikizapo telefoni ndi teletype.

Kuyambira Eisenhower kuti Obama

Mu 1958, a Air Force anapereka awiri "Boeing 707". Ichi chinali chinthu kwambiri patsogolo poyerekezera ndi ndege m'mbuyomu. Iwo anayamba ntchito foni chizindikiro "board №1», ndi anthu anatenga dzina limeneli Kennedy ofesiyo.

Kumayambiriro kwa mawu ake Kennedy anawonjezera patsogolo kwambiri, losatha "Boeing-707", komanso kuyang'anira kusintha zokongoletsa kapangidwe - buluu ndi zoyera zokongoletsa kuti ntchito lero.

ndege Izi ndi mapasa ake, wadutsa mu zombo mpweya mu 1972, zinathandiza kwambiri pamene nambala ya zochitika zazikulu m'mbiri ya zaka 50 zapitazi. "Boeing-707" onyamula Kennedy ku Dallas November 22, 1963 ndi tsiku lomwelo, adatengedwa thupi lake kumbuyo. Mu ndege, Lindon Dzhonson ndipo analumbiritsidwa pulezidenti lotsatira US. M'ndegeyo anali kunyamula Nixon kwa DC ku California akapuma wake. Theka adalira analandira kutsimikizira kuti Gerald Ford analumbiritsidwa utsogoleri chotsatira, ndi kuitana chizindikiro la ndegeyo kuti chasinthidwa pa Sam (Special Air Mission) 27000.

"Boeing-707" Reagan anatumikira mawu awiri, ndi George HW Chitsamba Choyaka pa mawu ake oyamba. Mu 1990, 707 akale lasinthidwa kuti "747" - ndege ya Pulezidenti Barack Obama ntchito lero.

Chinanso mutu wa boma la zombo ndege zinakonzedwa kumbuyo mu 2010 patatha zaka 20 ntchito. Ngati mukuziyenereza ndege atsogoleri a mayiko osiyanasiyana, United States wapadera zachilendo kwa aircrafts si allocated. Mwachitsanzo, zambiri zamakono "Boeing-747-400" zilipo kwa Nduna ya Japan, Mfumu ya Bahrain, ndi Sultan wa Brunei, Mfumu ya Oman, Mfumu ya Saudi Arabia ndi ena Air Force analengeza kuti ndege pulezidenti chotsatira chidzakhala ". January 28, 2015 Boeing 747-8 ".