The wakale ndi chikhulupiriro chamakono cha zimene nthambi

Mu dziko lathu, pali ena chiwerengero cha malingaliro zikuchitika mu sayansi zosiyanasiyana. Ndi kwa ichi, kutanthauzira awo amasandulika osokoneza, ndipo anthu ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mawu awa pamaziko a chidziwitso chosadziwika. Choncho, nkhaniyi kuyesetsa kumvetsa nthambi zimenezi, kodi ndi chiyambi cha mawu ndi mmene zomwenso ake ndi tanthauzo zayambika pamodzi ndi chitukuko cha chipembedzo, nthano ndi sayansi.

Pamene panali ziwalo?

Kuloza "tsiku lobadwa" mawu zosatheka. Mwina, anayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi anthu, pakuti Khristu anafa pamtanda, ndi mfundo monga kumwamba ndi hade kukhala anthu maziko a maziko onse. Tanthauzo la mawu akuti "nthambi" m'masiku amenewo, pamene Chikhristu anali atangoyamba kumene kulibe, anali kutanthauziridwa monga ngati gawo kusintha, omwe alekanitsa kumwamba ndi hade. M'masiku amenewo, anthu ankakhulupirira kuti nthambi padziko miyoyo ya anthu a nzeru zapamwamba, amasomphenya ndi alaliki amene anakhalapo Yesu asanabadwe. Makamaka mu tchalitchichi dziko tinaona ngwazi za Chipangano Chakale, ndipo kenako anayamba kukhulupirira kuti palinso zina ana moyo wosabatizidwa.

Ancient tanthauzo

Kwa zaka zambiri, funso zimene nthambi, anayamba chimwemwe mpingo wa Roma, kotero akamanena mawu akuti anayesa kuti zikumveka kwambiri. Papa anavomera ndi maganizo akale kuti malo awa ndi malo kwa anthu amene chilichonse chifukwa sanathe woyenera taonani Ambuye kumwamba. Komabe, uchimo wawo ndi zonyozeka kuti atumize ku gehena ndipo sichinali chomveka. Malinga ndi Roma Katolika, "Mulungu amakonda mwana aliyense zawo, aliyense akufuna zabwino ndi chipulumutso", kotero kuti Jahannama amatumiza yekha ochimwa kwambiri wotchuka, ena onse ali Limbo.

Umembala mawu amenewa

Dziwani kuti funso la chimene nthambi kwa zaka chidwi yekha Mpingo wa Katolika. Mu Orthodox chipembedzo, lingaliro la sanatchulidwepo, chifukwa cha malamulo ake dziko lagawidwa yekha kumwamba ndi hade. Komabe, ngati nthambi zolengedwa kulibe zipembedzo zina, makamaka mu Shintoism. Malinga Japanese malamulo nthambi - siteji pakubwezeretsa, omwe kumachitika munthu aliyense akamwalira. , Iye akhoza kusangalala ndi mtendere ndi kukongola, ndipo kungakhale ululu zonse - izo zidalira pa moyo wake, moyo wake, ubwenzi wake yekha. Shinto amalandiranso kuti palibe chinthu monga nthawi Limbo kulibe, choncho munthu ali kumeneko malinga ndi kudziwa chikhalidwe chake ndi udindo mu dziko.

Analogies ndi tanthauzo masiku ano

Chifukwa chakuti kale anthu ali ndi chidwi kwambiri ndi funso la chimene nthambi, anayamba kuoneka ntchito ambiri ndi luso ndi nthano za zimene malo ndi momwe icho chikuwonekera. Mwa nkhanizi sangathe opanda chidwi, "The Comedy Divine" ndi Dante, kwathunthu inamangidwa pa ovomerezeka m'Baibulo, koma anamanga wodzilemekeza ndiponso ndi nkhani zopeka, anthu ndiponso zochitika. Wolemba ichi, nthambi amatchedwa woyamba Krug Ada pamene munthu amayamba kuwona machimo ake, moyo wake, zolakwa zake. Mfundo imeneyi ngati kumaliseche mathirakiti achipembedzo, chifukwa mu maganizo a Mpingo wa Mulungu akufuna kupulumutsidwa ndi kukhala pa lopuma aliyense. N'chifukwa chake nthambi mu zamulungu limachokera monga danga ndale, koma Dante anapanga sitepe yake yoyamba pa makwerero chizunzo chamuyaya ndi kuwawa.

Pa nthawi, izo zikutanthauza nthambi, mtsutso si kwambiri. The Vatican analandira chiphunzitsocho danga ili ndi malo makanda wosabatizidwa, komanso oyera mtima ndi nzeru za anthu amene anafa pamaso pa iye anabadwa, ndipo anakwera Khristu. Mu Orthodoxy (kapena kani, mu nkhani za anthu a chikhulupiriro Orthodox), lingaliro ili tingaone ndi "mumphangayo" imene mukufuna pochitika kuti akhale m'paradaiso.