T-35: tsatanetsatane luso, maonekedwe, zithunzi

Za lodziwika bwino Soviet "makumi anayi" tinamva, mwina onse. Ndipo ngati utawafunsa kodi T-35, ambiri angakuuzeni kuti kusinthidwa sate-chachinayi. Koma choonadi silidzakhala, chifukwa chitukuko cha lachitsanzo 35 anali chiwembu chosiyana, ndi chitetezo ofanana, koma firepower chosiyana.

Ngakhale fano pamwamba limasonyeza kuti thanki ndipo alibe amafanana ndi T-34. Wina mbali view wa oyendetsa ochuluka, kwathunthu zida osiyana - mbali chosiyana mndandanda angakhale wosatha. Iye si anapambana nkhondo lonse monga kuwala kuuluka makumi atatu chachinayi, komabe anapambana mu mbiri ya Soviet malo makampani. Chifukwa specifications, lomwe tikambirana pansipa, makina tinganene kuti kwambiri. Ndicho chimene iwo ankachitcha icho - katundu thanki T-35. Pansipa, tikambirana makhalidwe onse, ubwino ndi kuipa kwa "Stalinist chilombo" monga icho chinali kutchedwa pa zotsatira.

ntchito

Mu 1930s oyambirira, akatswiri Soviet kulandira kuti ndi kukhala thanki lolemera. Iye ayenera kupita ku utumiki pofika cha 1938 mpaka m'ma mlingo moto thandizo la akasinja ndi kuwerengetsera oyenda. The buku loyamba anali kuyembekezera September 1933, ndipo ngakhale anadziŵa, koma Baibulo ili anapezeka ndi zolephera zingapo kwambiri, mmodzi amene anali sanali zikugwira ntchito yaikulu mfuti. Kenako, chitsanzo analandira akuti "katundu thanki T-35-1" (analipo mpaka 1936).

Patapita miyezi iwiri, mu November, ntchito yatsopano, kutenga nkhani zolakwa ndi ndikukhumba kuti ukhale ndi akasinja sing'anga T-26 ndi T-28. Zotsatira zake zinali galimoto zatsopano. Kusintha anali thanki magalimoto, kakang'ono, sing'anga, nsanja ndi mfundo zina zazing'ono.

Komabe, 1933 Soviet katundu thanki T-35 zipita kupanga. Mu mbiri yonse ya chilengedwe cha pachipata cha Kharkov sitima zingayendere 61 magalimoto 2 prototypes. Kumasula thanki inatha mu 1939, koma, ngakhale, zonse Baibulo latsopanoli anali ndi yosintha wake.

kamangidwe

Asilikali ali thanki ndendende lolemera. Analimbitsa zida, zida zina - zonse udaikidwa kutenga ndi udindo mu gawo mdani. Koma nthawi yomweyo ananena constructors liwiro ayenera 28 km / h. Mlanduwu welded thanki zankhondo, ndi makulidwe pafupifupi amene anali 20 mm. Kumapangitsanso kapangidwe m'madera ena ntchito riveting. nsanja Corps anali 30 millimeter zida.

Pa kumbuyo kwa injini anali. Kulumikiza linali gawo la kumbuyo la pansi 13 hatches lapansi. Panadzakhalanso zimaswa osiyana mwayi kwa injini chipinda. Pa gulu zimaswa anatseka oti muli nazo zida chipewa, amene anali wokwera mpweya zotsukira kapu. Komanso pafupi izibala ndi ming'alu ochepa anali anakonza zoti mwayi wa mpweya radiators lapansi. Close kwa injini mu chipinda chomwecho anali Kufala: 4 imathamanga patsogolo, kalelo. Kugwirizana pakati pa iwo kudzera zowalamulira waukulu, umene unali ndi mabuleki gulu. Iye anali osalimba, nthawi zambiri wosweka. Pa nkhondo, anthu ambiri akasinja anali atasiya ndendende chifukwa cha kulephera kwa wagawo izi.

Galimotoyo anali rubberised odzigudubuza 8 ndi 6 thandizo. Galimoto mawilo - kumbuyo. Front - njanji. Pakati kalozera ndi thandizo anaika odzigudubuza zina, amene anali kuteteza kuchimwa kwa mayendedwe pamene kukwera pa mavuto choimirira. odzigudubuza onse wokwera awiriawiri pa magalimoto thanki. Ngolo pa m'mabokosi a pa m'mbali mwa thanki. Mfundo imeneyi ndi Ufumuyo ndi makoma achitetezo. Pakuti kuthamanga yosalala, komanso mavuto ang'onoang'ono anaika awiri koyilo akasupe. Makoma achitetezo, komanso ena zida anapangidwa kuchokera zigawo zingapo.

Chimodzi mwa zinthu chibadidwe thanki imatchedwa pamaso pa nsanja 5. Towered sanali chisankho china. Zosintha zimenezi kale ntchito Mabaibulo mbandakucha. Koma nsanja asanu anaikidwa yekha pa T-35. Kaperekedwe Kupenda pa.

Tower ndi tiers

Monga mu chitini ochiritsira, nsanja asanu anaima pakati pa kumtunda kwa thupi, wopanda niches, amene anali pa zitsanzo za zinachitika. Main nsanja anakhazikitsidwa pa maziko hexagonal, mmene pa nkhope yake ufulu anakonza midadada polenga dziko smokescreen. Iwo anakhazikitsa 72-millimeter mfuti - thanki mfuti zosinthika wa nyemba mu chaka cha 1927.

nsanja onse asanu anakonza mu tiers atatu. Kuweta, pokhala Kumwambamwamba, ndi gawo chapamwamba. Pakati gawo - awiri nsanja osiyana, kumene 45 millimeter Cannon. Ndi gawo m'munsi - angapo nsanja, kumene kunali makina mfuti. Tikumbukenso kuti T-35 sanali awiri mfuti makina (chiwerengero cha nsanja), ndipo ambiri. Mwachitsanzo, ena akasinja anali ndi mfuti pa izibala galimoto, ili kutsogolo kumanzere.

Mfuti turrets wa gawo lachiwiri anali wokwera awiriawiri ndi makina mfuti. Mfuti akhoza wokwera pafupi ndi mfuti zikuluzikulu pa zimaswa nsanja yaikulu.

Nsanja ya tiers wachiwiri ndi wachitatu kutsutsa mzake diagonally. Cannon ali kutsogolo lamanja ndi lamanzere kumbuyo. Machine mfuti, motero, kutsogolo, kuchokera kumanzere kumbuyo, kumanja nsanja yaikulu.

Kuwonjezera kuti zipolopolo anali 96 kwa zipolopolo waukulu, 220 kwa 45 mita mfuti yaitali. Katundu anali zipolopolo mfuti 10 000. Choncho, katundu thanki T-35 armament Tingayerekeze ndi mphamvu yaing'ono, firepower amene anali wofanana ndi mtundu akasinja atatu mbandakucha.

adalira

Series ya akasinja angatchedwe ndi Tambasula. Gulu lililonse anali kamangidwe kake mbali yekha, chifukwa cha zomwe anali chiwerengero cha oyendetsa osiyana mu makina osiyanasiyana. Koma nyimbo yotchuka "Zitatu thanki Ogwira Ntchito M'sitima" sanalembe za thanki iyi. T-35 anali kuchokera 9 kwa oyendetsa 11 munthu. Pa nthawi yomweyo, zina, munthu mmodzi pa ntchito angapo.

Mwachitsanzo, tengani gulu la anthu 10. Atatu zili nsanja yaikulu, mkulu uyu (Aka gunner), wailesi woyendetsa (anatinso) ndi makina gunner. awiriawiri anayi kukhala turrets mfuti - ndi gunner ndi gunner. Nsanja mfuti ndi munthu wina. Pomaliza, munthu wina - dalaivala.

Kutsogolo ndi nsanja kumbuyo anali wophatikizidwa kugwirizana pakati pawo ndi kugawa waukulu anapambulwa kwambiri. Mukhoza kuona kuti kapangidwe sanali kupereka kwa kayendedwe mkati thanki. Aliyense nsanja anali hatches ake oyendetsa. Osiyana zimaswa analinso msilikali, kuchita ntchito ya dalaivala.

zamagetsi

Mbali chidwi n'chakuti chipongwe pamwamba pa nsanja si kutsukidwa, monga zachitika pa sitima zankhondo za. Pa chipongwe anali ndi ntchito awiri. Komanso iwo nawonso amathandiza ndi mlongoti kuti wailesi, kudyetsa 12 V. Komanso mawailesi thanki alinso magetsi telefoni (7 olembetsa) ndi dongosolo dymopuska. Pa galimoto ndipo anatembenuka nsanja yaikulu. Pankhaniyi, okonza kuti anapereka chizindikiro loletsa gunner turret atembenuza ngati hatches anali otseguka.

kuipa

Osati popanda zovuta zake. mfuti atatu anatilola moto kuzungulira, koma zinachititsa kuti vuto la kamangidwe, kuwonjezera chiwerengero cha oyendetsa ndi kulemera yake, womwe zinachititsa kuti mavuto zoyendera. Kukula obweretsa komanso zimakhudza mphamvu kusodza-injini, amene Nthawi zambiri ntchito pa malire. Tiyeni tikambirane pano kuti thanki Nthawi zambiri ntchito mwachimbulimbuli. Anapanga kwambiri patsogolo mbozi kwambiri anatseka review, ndi dalaivala anali mu malo amodzi ndi akasinja zina, - patsogolo, pakati pawo. mfundo izi zonse zimagwirizana kulepheretsa ntchito nchito ya T-35.

Zida mbali zinachoka kwambiri wolakalakika. Pa liwiro otsika ndi maneuverability wopanda mphamvu zida za thanki chandamale kwambiri. The kuipa ali ndi mamangidwe zimaswa kwa dalaivala. Tsegula kutuluka kungakhale kokha ngati kumanzere kutsogolo mfuti nsanja akanati kufalitsidwa zida "anachoka pa bolodi." Choncho, ngati kuonongeka ake kukhala ndi dalaivala sangathe.

Kusinthidwa. Unachitikira sichinkakhalitsa

The Great kukonda dziko lako Nkhondo ya akasinja T-35 pafupifupi sanali nawo. 7 zinthu anataya nkhondo mu 1941, 6 anali pansi kukonza, ndi 35 ananyanyalidwa ndipo anawononga oyeretsa awo chifukwa kuwonongeka. Mogwirizana ndi kuipa pamwamba pa munda waukulu kanthu za akasinja awa anali asilikali parades 1933-1941 gg.

Mu 1938 KhPZ akufuna kuti rearm ndi T-35 ndi watsopano 76-millimeter Cannon A-10 m'malo CT, koma utumiki asilikali, njirayi sakuvomereza, kukangana kuti polimbana ndi mipherezero oti muli nazo zida zokwanira awiri mfuti 45 millimeter, ndi limodzi oyenda mphamvu zokwanira CT . Ndipo chaka chatha thanki ndi kusiya mfuti waukulu 72 mm. Palibe amene akudziwa zimene akanapeza 1944 (kubadwa kwa mfuti 85 mm), akhoza anatembenukira kwa chitsanzo T-35-85. T-34 thanki mfuti anali ndi zaka zomalizira za nkhondo, komanso nkhondo zina ankagwiritsa ntchito yekha T-34-85. Chikhazikitso kuwerenga ngati T-34 ndi 85 mamilimita Cannon. Mu chilungamo ayenera munanena kuti thanki imodzi T-35 nawo nkhondo mu 1945, koma kumbali ya dziko la Germany. The Germany kugunda mmodzi wa 35 zitsanzo anasiya amene anakwanitsa kubwezeretsa akatswiri German.

Pafupifupi zaka mofanana, pa maziko a T-35 iyamba kukhala kudziletsa injini - Lamulungu 14. Chachikulu kusiyana anali nsanja gawo, pamene mtembo wa galimoto experimental sichinasinthe. M'malo nsanja kudziletsa injini zida zankhondo Ine ndiri nayo imodzi yaikulu kanyumba, ndipo anaika 203-millimeter howitzer 1931 chaka chitsanzo m'malo mfuti adziwika kuti (B-4). Chifukwa cha kutalika kwa mbiya kwapita kumbuyo kanyumba gawo kuti ayenera kusintha mkati: injini, pamodzi ndi kufala chasunthira mpaka kutsogolo. ACS adalira inkakhala anthu 7. Mu 1937, ntchito pa unsembe kuzizira ndi kubwezeretsedwa yekha mu 1940, chiwerengero cha zosintha, ndi Baibulo latsopano nambala malamulo afika SU-14-2.

Mu 1936, iye anaonekera kusinthidwa Lamulungu 14 - howitzer m'malo mwa 153 mm Cannon mkulu mphamvu (kudziwika monga BL-2). Pambuyo zosintha chomwecho mu 1940, iye choyamba linatchedwa Lamulungu-14-1, ndiye - SU 14-BR-2.

Zochitika onse anali atakonza ntchito ya Mannerheim Line, koma kusinthidwa (zaka 1939-1940) chinachitika ndi kwanthawi za nthawi, ndi asilikali anawalandira patapita nthawi yaitali.

Mu 1938 anayamba chitukuko cha latsopano T-112. The zinachitika chitsanzo anali kutumikira monga T-28. Kuyambira T-35 zinakonzedwa Borrow galimotoyo, koma njirayi amasiyako china mu sitepe zojambula.

makhalidwe luso

Ena kanjedza m'lembali kuti utaperekedwa kale. Apa ife kutchula zina magawo kuti anali towered thanki T-35. Luso makhalidwe a injini zotsatirazi:

• Carburetor - M7T.

• Mphamvu - malita 500. a.

• Travel liwiro - 30 km / h.

• Ikuthamanga osiyanasiyana - 200 Km.

Pankhaniyi, deta awa akutanthauza akuyenda kupita pamsewu. Movement za msewu wafumbi, Chiwerengerochi anatsika ndi oposa theka. Thanki matani 50 thanki mphamvu - malita 900, kutalika - 5430 mm, m'lifupi - 3200 mm, kutalika - 9700 mm. Ground chilolezo - 530 mm.

Kaya chakuti gulu lililonse anali kusintha yake, ndi makulidwe a zida, komanso ntchito injini ndi lomweli silinasinthe. Soviet thanki T-35 zida muli ziphiphiritso izi: 20 mm - chakudya, mbali, pansi, mazunzo gawo; 10 mm - ndi gunwale kapu nsanja kuphimba kuyimitsidwa; 50 mm - Front okonda pepala - mbali yokhayo imene anali zida kuti likukwaniritsa mfundo WWII. Pankhaniyi nyumba denga, patsogolo pang'ono pepala anali ndi makulidwe 10 mm.

panopa,

Kuchokera anamasulidwa 61 RKKA thanki (Red Army) analandira 48 mayunitsi. Otsala 13 omwazika kusukulu ya usilikali kapena chiwerengero kukonzedwa. T-35-2 (mmodzi wa prototypes a) ali mu nyumbayi, ndipo T-35-1 amene anapuma pantchito mu 1936. Panthawi mu dziko pali makope 2 okha. Thanki pansi chiwerengero 0197-7 mu 1938 anapita ku Kazan thanki School ndi nkhondo yeniyeni sanali nawo. Panopa owonetsera zakale chidutswa ndipo ali mu Kubinka (Russia), mu Museum wa oti muli nazo zida. Iye ali wogwira ntchito kunyumba (!) Ndipo mota ndi zoyenda.

The buku lachiwiri la yemweyo ali mu nyumbayi, mu Yekaterinburg. Thanki kulengedwanso kwa zojambula ndi zithunzi pa Intaneti za kukonzanso "Uralelectromed". Nthawi kuchira inatenga pafupifupi 5 miyezi, ndi kuchepetsedwa Baibulo si wosiyana kwambiri ndi makope choyambirira cha 1930.

mawerengeredwe

T-35 (1:35 - kuti ndi sikelo yake) amapangidwa ndi Chinese. Iwo akupereka chitsanzo Mabaibulo atatu - oyambirira thanki (lina lalikulu mphutsi nsanja yaikulu), nkhani mpaka 1938 (hatches awiri ndi antiaircraft turret) ndi mochedwa - Nkhani 1938-1939.

thanki wopangidwa pulasitiki ndi akamaumba jekeseni. Mu akonzedwa pali zina zitsulo. Komanso pali kusankha mayendedwe zinchito. Mu lonse umenewu pa nthawi ina opangidwa zitsanzo ndi Russia. Muyezo wofanana anali ndi Chiyukireniya zitsanzo, koma kwa mphindi nkhani nazonso kutsazikana.

The Russian anatuluka zitsanzo zochepa kope ndi pamlingo osiyana. T-35 (1:72 - wongoyerekezera) linali lofika magazini "akasinja Russian» (№ 18). Njira yomweyo zikhoza kugulidwa ku Polish wopanga (olimba Modelkrak).

"Star"

Pomaliza, kampani ina Russian analengeza kutulutsidwa kwa mafani ndipo osati aliyense amene akufuna kupeza kuti deta yake ya Soviet katundu thanki T-35. "Star", kampani imene ziri zodziwika bwino kuti okhometsa onse, analengeza kumayambiriro 2016 za afika posachedwa zitsanzo pa maalumali masitolo Intaneti.

Makamaka chikondwerero bwino anatsekula Masamu ndi mwatsatanetsatane za chitsanzo. Koyamba mudziwe lonjezo onga 1:35 ndi utali wonse wa masentimita 28. The thanki adzakhala zigawo 428. Pafupifupi mtengo umayambirapo 2000 rubles.

Pomaliza

Ngati mphamvu zambiri patsogolo makampani thanki, Soviet Union anamasulidwa m'dziko lake ndi chilombo - pyatibashenny thanki T-35. Koma tsoka la tsoka mobwerezabwereza chimodzimodzi m'mayiko ena. Ofooka injini zida, osati anaikira makina chotero, - thanki ndi kukhala mwayi kukonza okha mozungulira nyanja ya moto, ndipo sanapange kuti kutsogolo. Anthu toyesa kuti zafika, chifukwa zolakwa ake sanabwerere.