Sukulu wojambula zithunzi zimene kabowo ndi shutter liwiro?

Kuti khalidwe aatali ndi wokongola kwa mfundo luso la view, photos, kuti amuchotse mtengo SLR kamera. Funsani aliyense wojambula zithunzi ovomereza, ndipo anatsimikizira kuti kuphunzira intricacies onse amachitira ndi luso anafunikira mwezi kuposa wina. Kuphimba m'nkhani wina mokoma onse a ntchito kamera n'zosatheka. Choyamba kudzakhala chokwanira kuthana ndi mawu awiri - kabowo ndi shutter liwiro.

Kodi zakulera? Kodi ntchito?

Tamasulira kuchokera ku mawu a Chigiriki "diaphragma" umaimira "kugawa". Mwina munamvapo - magalasi chosiyana ndi kabowo osiyana. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mwa Iye akadutsa mosiyanasiyana kuwala. Ndipotu zakulera - chipangizo kuti nthawi awiri a kabowo imene kuwala likulowerera masanjidwewo (a kuwala tcheru kamera mchitidwe). Iwo amatanthauziridwa kuti chiŵerengero cha kabowo awiri a disolo kabowo ku mtunda focal. Akusonyeza ubwino kabowo ntchito Latin kalata F.

Posintha mtengo wa F pa malo amodzi, tili ndi kusintha 2 khola kuchuluka kwa kuwala ozama a masanjidwewo ndi kusintha mtengo wa index pa 1.4. Standard F mfundo pakati pa 1.0 ndi 32.

Magalasi ndi kabowo lalikulu angagwiritsidwe ntchito kutenga zithunzi za kusuntha zinthu, anthu ndi nyama, ndi zina - kulenga zithunzi zokongola zochititsa chidwi mu zipinda mdima zakuwala- kochepa anayatsa ndi mdima nyengo. The zitsanzo zosiyanasiyana za kukula makamera kabowo ndi chosinthika kudzera menyu chipangizo, kapena mwa mphete pa kamera thupi ndi mandala.

Kuwonjezera pamwambapa molondola kukhazikitsidwa kabowo ndi shutter liwiro n'zotheka kupeza kufunika mozama za kuthengo (DOF). Nsinga ikusonyeza mmene bwino amaoneka ngati malo ozungulira cholinga cha chinthu. Ngati mtengo f / 1.8 danga padziko adzakhala amaona kuposa Mwachitsanzo, pa f / 22.

Open kabowo ndi yaing'ono umabala zitsanzo zabwino kwambiri za zazikulu kujambula. Poyankha, ndi lalikulu kabowo kutsegula amakhala yopapatiza, ndipo amalola kupeza chithunzi momveka bwino pa ndege onse, kuphatikizapo chakumbuyo. Choncho clamped zakulera akulimbikitsidwa kuwombera zithunzi malo.

ndi shutter liwiro Kodi ndi momwe sintha bwino?

Kabowo ndi shutter liwiro kupanga otchedwa ekspoparu, kuyambira ndi chifukwa iwo anatsimikiza ndi fano kukhudzana. Palokha, shutter liwiro ndi kutalika kwa nthawi imene cheza kuwala kudutsa mwa kabowo chimafotokozera masanjidwewo lapansi. Calculated kuchedwa masekondi ndi tizigawo masekondi - 1/30, 1/125, 2 "5 (masekondi 2.5), 10" (masekondi 10), etc.

Pali mfundo monga kupirira yochepa yaitali. Fast shutter liwiro abwino mu mawu kusamukira nkhani. Palinso "Chikhalidwe" kusankha mulingo woyenera shutter liwiro - ayenera kukhala mwachindunji njila kwa kutalika focal. Ngati mtunda ndi, nkuti, 80 mm, si koyenera kukhazikitsa shutter liwiro yaitali kuposa 1/80 a lachiwirilo. Yaitali padzuwa adzachititsa kuwasokoneza, ndi fano kupunduka chifukwa kayendedwe ka kamera yokha.

Long kukhudzana kujambula nthawi zambiri ntchito mitunda (kuphatikizapo usiku). Komabe kwa wachiwiri ndi bwino ntchito miyendo itatu ndi kudya mandala. Mopitilira kuchepetsa kugwedera, mungathe kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya kutali mmalo mwa mabatani mwachizolowezi pa thupi kamera.

Kabowo ndi shutter liwiro - maziko a zikuchokera aliyense. Rearranging bwino, ngakhale ndi kamera yosavuta, mukhoza kupanga katswiri weniweni.