St. Tihon Zadonsky: moyo

Iye anakhala mmodzi wa azamulungu wotchuka kwambiri wa Orthodox atsogoleri achipembedzo, amene anakhalapo zaka za m'ma XVIII ndi canonized mu nkhope ya oyera ndi ochita zozizwitsa za Mpingo Russian. Bishop wa Voronezh ndi Yelets, St. Tihon Zadonsky anakhala zovuta ndipo nthawi yomweyo zodabwitsa, wodzala ndi zipatso zauzimu, zimene chiyani musatope kuti ndiwathokoze Ambuye. Woyera moyo modzichepetsa kwambiri, ntchito zakudya zochepa, ndipo sanaope ntchito ya kalavulagaga thupi, koma sanatero, iye anatchuka kwambiri. chikondi chake kwa Mulungu kunali kwakukulu moti pafupifupi onse moyo wake zoyenera utumiki wa Mpingo wa Mulungu padziko lapansi.

St. Tihon Zadonsky: moyo

Tsogolo bishopu, ndipo tsopano mu dziko Sokolov Timofey Savelevich, anabadwa mu 1724 m'mudzi wa chigawo Korotsko Novgorod. Banjali linali losauka kwambiri, bambo anga anali dikoni Savely Kirillov. Timothy anapatsidwa dzina latsopano mu seminare Novgorod. atate wake sanakumbukire, chifukwa anafa ali wang'ono. M'manja mwa mayi anachoka ana asanu - ana anayi ndi aakazi awiri. M'bale mkulu, nayenso, ngati bambo ake, anakhala dikoni, ambiri anatengedwa kupita kunkhondo. Panalibe ndalama, ndi banja lonse pafupifupi ankakhala ku dzanja pakamwa. Nthawi zina, pamene nyumba mwamtheradi kanthu kakudya, Timka chidutswa cha mkate tsiku, harrowed analima munthu wachuma.

coachman

Komabe, iwo anayamba kufuulira pafupipafupi wopanda mwana koma wolemera coachman. Timka anakonda ngati m'bale, ndipo anamukakamiza iye kuti akapereke kwa mayi anga kulera mwana wake ndi momwe kuletsa iye chuma chake pa mapeto a moyo wake. Amayi anali wachisoni kwambiri Timoteyo, koma umphawi ndi njala inamchititsa kugwirizana. Tsiku lina iye anagwira dzanja la mwana wake, anapita kwa dalaivala. Panthawi imeneyi, m'bale mkulu sanali kunyumba, koma pamene iye anabwerera, pakumva mlongo wake kuti mayi anga ndi Timka anapita dalaivala, anathamangira kumeneko kuti andipeze ndi magulu awo. Ndiyeno, atagonjetsedwa, iwo anaima pamaso pa mayi anga pa maondo ake ndi kupempha iye kupereka Timka dalaivalayo. Iye anati kukanakhala bwino ndipite kuzungulira dziko, koma adzayesa kuphunzira kuwerenga ndi kulemba, ndiyeno inu mukhoza angagwirizanitse kwa sextons kapena madikoni. Amayi anavomera, ndipo iwo onse anabwerera kwawo.

maphunziro

Mu 1738 Timka mayi anga anabweretsa yopemphera ku seminare Novgorod. Mu chaka chomwecho, kholo anafa, ndi Timoteyo wamasiye. Anapempha m'bale wake - kalaliki uja adapita ku Novgorod - iye m'gulu la sukulu Novgorod zamulungu, kuchita nyumba bishopu, amene 1740 anadzatchedwa seminare. Sokolov mnyamata monga mmodzi wa ophunzira bwino analembetsa yomweyo ndipo umasamutsidwa ku okhutira boma akumeneko. Ndiyeno iye anayamba kulandira chakudya ufulu ndi madzi owiritsa. Theka la mkate anadya, ndi kugula zina ndi kugulitsa makandulo kuwerenga mabuku wauzimu. Ana a amalonda olemera zambiri anamuseka iye, mwachitsanzo, adzapeza ottopki bast nsapato zake ndipo inkaweyulidwa iwo pa iye mmalo chofukizira ndi mawu akuti: "Ife kumkuza iwe, ndi woyera"

Iye anaphunzira pa usinkhu seminare monga mmene Zaka 14 ndipo anamaliza 1754. The chinthu, panali aphunzitsi okwanira mu seminare. Nditaphunzira kwa zaka zinayi, apamwamba, zamulungu, ndi nzeru, ndi zaka ziwiri galamala, tsogolo St. Tihon Zadonsky anakhala mphunzitsi wa Greek ndi zamulungu.

Tonsured ndi oikidwa atsopano

M'chaka cha April 10, 1758 Timoteo tonsured mmonke ndi dzina Tikhon ansembe yotchedwa Archimandrite Anthony Parfeny (Sopkovsky). Inoki anali pamenepo zaka 34. Ndiyeno anakhala mphunzitsi wa nzeru Novgorod seminare.

January 18, 1759, anaikidwa Archimandrite Tver Zheltikova Mfundo ansembe yotchedwa, ndipo chaka chomwecho, anaikidwa pa rector wa lina la Tver seminare ndi limaphunzitsa zamulungu. Ndipo izi zonse detects kukhalapo kwa consistory wauzimu.

Voronezh St. Tikhon wa Zadonsk: bishopu

Ndithu chidwi chochitika chinachitika asanapite ndinadzozedwa May 13, 1761 mu Bishop Kexholmsky ndi Ladoga. Pamene anafunika wolowa mmalo mwa m'dera Novgorod, malo awa anasankhidwa ofuna seveni, iye anabwera ndi Archimandrite Tikhon.

Ndipo tsiku la Great Paskha, amene anali kulimbitsa ndi kuzindikira ofuna udindo. Pa nthawi yomweyo, Archimandrite Tikhon ndi M'busa Bishop Athanasius anatumikira mapemphero Isitala mu Cathedral wa Tver. Pa Cherubic Hymn anali bishopu pa guwa, ndipo anabwerera ndi particles, Archimandrite Tikhon, ngati svyaschenoluzhaschie zina, anamuyandikira ndi pempho mwachizolowezi: ". Ndikumbukireni ine, mbuye woyera" Mwadzidzidzi anamva yankho Bishop Athanasius: "bishopu Wanu Ambuye kumbukirani Mulungu mu Ufumu wake," ndipo nthawi yomweyo anasiyiratu, kuwonjezera ndi kumwetulira: ". Mulole Mulungu apereke inu kukhala bishopu"

Mu St. Petersburg, pa nthawi mayere katatu, ndipo nthawi iliyonse iye anagwetsa dzina Tikhon. Komabe, mu udindo uwu, anakhala nthawi yochepa mpaka 1762, kenako unasamutsidwa kuyang'anira Sinodi ofesi. Ndiye anali kupita dipatimenti ya Voronezh St. Tihon Zadonsky. Bishop wa Voronezh ndi Eletskiy Ionniky (Pavlutsky) atamwalira kale.

Voronezh Department

Pa Bishop Tikhon anapatsidwa ntchito ya Voronezh chigawocho, kumene kuwonjezera m'chigawo Voronezh inkakhala Kursk, Orel, Tambov ndi a Don khamu, pa nthawi imeneyo, zonse izi ayenera kusintha lalikulu. Ndipo ngati steppes ufulu wa Don m'zaka XVII mochedwa anakhala malo ogona ku chizunzo boma la mpatuko ndipo Old Okhulupirira, bishopuyo Zinali zovuta kuti athane ndi maganizo ndiye moyo mpingo. Zopinga zolinga zake zabwino ankachitika anthu mphamvu yakale ndipo kuti atsogoleri a matchalitchi.

Koma Bishop Tikhon kunali kofunika kukonzekera mbiri woyenera abusa anzeru ndi ophunzira, kotero iye anayambitsa okhwima utumiki mosavomerezeka ndi treboispolnenie. Motsogozedwa wake, sukulu inapangidwa ana osauka a ansembe ndi ansembe okha. Pa malo lauzimu, iye anali kufunafuna yabwino, nkhawa osati za mpingo wake, komanso kusintha ndi kukongola kwa akachisi.

Atsogoleri & Amanyo

M'chaka choyamba cha utumiki pa Voronezh chigawocho, iye analemba lalifupi ulaliki ansembe, amatchedwa "Pa SEDM Woyera zinsinsi," limene limafotokoza maganizo woona wa masakalamenti anapanga. Patapita chaka chimodzi, analenga kalozera mmene tingachitire makolo zauzimu kuvomereza ndi momwe kudzutsa iwo tanthauzo la kulapa kwenikweni, ndi ena omwe ntchito imeneyi ya anadandaula za machimo ake, anaphunzitsa kutonthozedwa ndi chisomo cha Mulungu. M'dera lake la St. Tikhon poyamba analetsa chilango ogwirika kwa atsogoleri amene anali pamenepo wamba, iyenso anateteza boma lake kale.

Monga wansembe woona, anamusamalira ya maphunziro a abusa, kotero masukulu awiri achipembedzo anatsegulidwa Yelets ndi Ostrogozhsk, ndipo mu 1765 iye rewrote ndi Voronezh Asilavo sukulu zamulungu mu seminare, ndipo anapempha aphunzitsi ku Kiev ndi Kharkov. Pakuti maphunziro abwino a ophunzira seminare izo kachiwiri malangizo apadera wakhala analenga.

Kupembedza ndi chisamaliro

St. Tihon Zadonsky anali maganizo boma la ziyambe kukonzedwa Voronezh mchitidwe umenewu ndi ndinalemba 15 Nkhani tikulangizidwa kuti ansembe. Iye analembanso ndi Uthenga wapadera kwa anthu amene anali kuwerenga ndi ansembe kwa nkhosa zawo. Choncho, bishopuyo ali kumenyana achikunja chikondwerero likumveka Yarily kuledzera ndi tsiku zosathandiza wa Carnival.

Bishop Tikhon nthawi kuzifuna ku kwaokha moyo kumene kumakhala Amonke, koma wosatha zochitika diocesan sanapatsidwe mwayi uliwonse kulikwaniritsa. Nthawi zonse zimatengera kumenya ndi chiwerewere zisangalalo, kukonda kwambiri chuma, kukonda kwambiri chuma, mwanaalirenji, kuba na kusowa kwa chikondi kwa mnansi wake ndi pafupifupi konse anapuma. mavuto kawirikawiri ndi mavuto wolumala thanzi lake, anaonekera matenda mantha ndi mtima ndi chimfine kawirikawiri ndi zosokonezeka.

Moyo ndi kulandidwa

Ambuye anakhala mu zinthu lophweka ndi osauka, akugona udzu ndi kuzisakaniza nkhosa odula. Chifukwa cha kudzichepetsa izi kawirikawiri anamuseka iye mtumiki wa mpingo. Koma iye anali ndi mwambi wakuti: ". Kukhululuka ndi nthawi kuposa kubwezera" Kamodzi whacky Kamenev anamupatsa mbama, kunena, "Usati kudzikuza!", Ndipo adatenga amenewa kuukira zosayembekezereka ndi kuyamikira Mulungu, ndipo ngakhale zinayamba kudya tsiku lililonse wopusa izi. Nthawi zambiri, Kuipidwa onse ndi chisoni anapirira ndi chimwemwe ndi kuthokoza Mulungu chifukwa chirichonse chimene iye amamutumiza iye.

St. Tikhon, Bishop wa Voronezh, ndi Wonderworker wa Zadonsk anali nthawi zonse wokhululukira ena, koma okhwima kwambiri yekha. Kamodzi pa Lenti anapita m'ndende kwa bwenzi lake Schemamonk Mitrofan, amene anali atakhala pa tebulo ndi wokhala Eletska Kozmoyu Ignatevichem, ndipo iwo anali nsomba pa tebulo. Nthawi yomweyo manyazi, koma bishopuyo ananena kuti chikondi kwa mnansi pamwamba positi kuti iwo nkhawa, iye analawa iwo msuzi. Iye ankakonda anthu wamba mtima, ndi kum'patsa osauka ndalama zawo zonse, ndi nsembe.

kukwaniritsa chiyero

Chotero anamanganso chikondi chake ndi kudzimana kukweza amalingalira woyera wa kumwamba ndi cha tsogolo. Mu 1778, anaona loto ngati yaing'ono Virgin Mary ataima pa mtambo atazungulira Atumwi Petro ndi Paulo, ndi St. Tikhon anaimirira pa mawondo ake ndipo anayamba kumuchonderera chifundo cha dziko. Koma Paulo anati mawu amenewa, kuti anali pomwepo bwino kuti dziko akuyembekezera kowopsya kwa. The woyera ndiye anagalamuka ku misozi.

Chaka chotsatira Saint Tikhon kachiwiri anaona Virgin Mary ndi Abambo Woyera mwinjiro woyera. Ndipo kamodzinso iye anagwada ake, anapempha munthu okondedwa awo, ndi amayi Woyera wa Mulungu anati kwa iye anapempha izo.

Voronezh St. Tikhon Zadonsk Wonderworker anatulukira zinthu zambiri zikuluzikulu Russia. Makamaka, iye ananeneratu chigonjetso cha Russia mu nkhondo ndi Napoleon mu 1812.

kuneneratu

Pofika kumapeto kwa moyo wake, iye anayamba kupemphera kuti Ambuye anamuuza nthawi imfa. Ndipo zinali mawu m'bandakucha: ". Pa tsiku la sabata" Mu chaka chomwecho anaona ray wowala, ndi kuima mu chipinda zazikulu, iye ankafuna kuti pakhomo, koma anauzidwa kuti iye akanakhoza kokha kuchita izo mu zaka zitatu, koma iye ankayenera kugwira ntchito mwakhama. Pambuyo masomphenya Saint Tikhon anapuma pa foni yake ndipo kawirikawiri ankaimba khamu anzake. Iye anali ogwidwawo zovala ndi bokosi, adayima mu chipinda, Tikhon bambo zambiri anabwera kwa iye, kulira.

Asanafe m'maloto omveka, St. Tikhon wa Zadonsk anaona wansembe bwino mwa zitseko yachifumu ya guwa anapulumutsa mwana, amene woyera nampsompsona tsaya lake lamanja, ndiyeno iye kum'menya kumanzere. M'mawa wa woyera Tikhon chisoni kwambiri, tsaya ndi mwendo anachoka ndi dzanja dzanzi amakutumula. Koma iye anavomera matenda ndi chisangalalo. Ndiyeno atatsala pang'ono kuphedwa, iye anali ndi maloto amene akupezeka pamaso pake makwerero kumwamba, amene amayesetsa kukwera, ndipo iye sanapeze cha kufooka, kenako anthu anayamba kuthandizidwa ndi kuphunzitsa izo kwambiri mitambo. loto lake, anamuuza mnzake, wa Chimonko Kozma, ndi pamodzi anazindikira kuti yayandikirayo. mapeto a woyera mtima.

Imfa mtendere

Tikhon Woyera anapuma kupuma December 17, 1767. Ankaloledwa moyo kumene amasangalala, ndi zina poyamba iye anakakhala Tolshevskom Chiwalitsiro ansembe yotchedwa (40 Km from Voronezh). Komabe, panali marshland, nyengo sanapite kwa thanzi labwino wa woyera, kenako anasamukira ku Zadonsk obisika ndipo anakhala kumeneko mpaka imfa yake.

Pa zofooka zake, iye mopitiriza analandira zinsinsi Woyera, posakhalitsa anatumikila iye pa kuti anapereka pamaso pa Ambuye Lamlungu, August 13, 1783. Pa nthawi imeneyo anali ndi zaka 59.

Mu Zadonsk Kubadwa kwa Yesu Wathu Lady ansembe yotchedwa adapeza mpumulo wake wosatha, St. Tikhon wa Zadonsk, zotsalira za oyera mtima ake, ndipo tsopano ali mu Vladimir Cathedral.

canonization wake zinachitika pa August 13, 1861 mu ulamuliro wa Alexander II. Pa manda wa woyera pasanapite nthawi anayamba kuchita zozizwitsa.

Iwo ayenera yomweyo kudziŵika kuti mpingo wa St. Tihona Zadonskogo ndi Ignatiya Bogonostsa ali mbali ya mpingo tawuni Kubadwa kwa Yesu wa Virgin amonke Zadonsk a dera Voronezh.

Malinga ndi nkhani za anthu akale, Hierodeacon Amayi a Mulungu ansembe yotchedwa, Atate Victor mu 1943 iye lendi nyumba kuchokera m'dzikoli - E. V. Semenovoy, amene ali zaka zoposa khumi mu chapamwamba anasunga wakale chizindikiro cha St. Tikhon wa Zadonsk, ndipo iye anali mmodzi yekha wopulumutsidwa chizindikiro cha Vladimir Cathedral mu masiku ulamuliro wa ulamuliro kulibe Mulungu Soviet. Limatchedwanso "imfa," chifanizo cha St. Tikhon, linkalongosolanso msinkhu wake wonse, ndi kuyambira kulemekeza dzina lake ndinaima kuseri kachisi wa zotsalira za woyera mtima. Kodi iye tsopano amakhala.

Pomaliza

Mapemphero ndi Akathist kuti St. Tihonu Zadonskomu makamaka kuwerenga, iye adachira matenda m'bongo - misala, maganizo, uchidakwa, ndipo lunacy.

Choona chidwi ndi St. Tikhon ntchito "The ziwanda" F. M. Dostoevskogo anakhala zinachitika ya ngwazi zolembalemba - Mkulu Tikhon - zimene wolemba yekha nalongosola, ndi agulupa maziko enieni a danga lofotokoza buku la.

The ntchito wapadera tchuthi pokumbukira St. Tikhon wa Zadonsk unachitikira pa July 19 August 13.