Russian ndege ya WWII. Woyamba Russian ndege

The Union of Soviet mayiko Socialist pa nkhondo wakhala kwambiri chinawonjezeka ndi bwino m'munsi mwa zombo zawo. Ngati mmasate monga mbali ya zombo anali chogwidwa ndi ndege kupanga yachilendo, kuti pofika pakati pa nkhondoyo inali chogwidwa ndi ndege Russian asilikali.

Prerequisites pa chitukuko cha Soviet ndege zankhondo

Yomanga Union of Soviet Socialist, ankatenga kudziyimira pawokha zonse za aliyense wa nthambi, zikhale mafakitale ulimi kapena asilikali. Komabe, pa mphambano za makumi ndi mmasate ndege zombo ndege zinkachokera. A ndege Russian ankangochita anakhazikitsa nyerere 2 ndi nyerere-9 kupanga kapangidwe Tupolev. Mavuto aviavooruzheniya Red Army panthawiyo anali:

- zitsanzo chakale magalimoto;

- osauka luso chikhalidwe cha ndegeyo;

- neunifitsirovannost (zikuluzikulu kufala kwa zitsanzo ndi zopangidwa musalole kuti konza moyenera yopuma mbali Nawonso achichepere).

Mapangidwe ndege zankhondo pamaso World

anasinthira makampani anabwera ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa Moscow Aviation Institute. Zikamera ya nsanja maphunziro anapereka kuwonjezeka kwambiri chiwerengero cha akatswiri m'mafakitale ndege ndi bureaus kamangidwe.

Boma Soviet yopeza zinthu zaumunthu ndi ndalama ndege Russian. Kale kwachiwiri chisanadze nkhondo ya zaka zisanu makampani opanga ndege anali kupanga lonse la mkombero zonse maziko. Iwo amachita ntchito General Mlembi Stalin kulenga ndege zamakono. Cha m'ma mmasate wa otsiriza mayeso ndege ya yoponya mabomba woyamba Soviet wabisala pansi zoyendera wamba sitima. Woyamba Russian ndege, kenako nawo ankhondo a nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse, ndege amaphunzitsidwa kukhala Levanevsky, Vodop'yanov, Grizodubov ndi ena.

Ankhondo Yovuta anali kuchitikira kunja. Mwachitsanzo, ku Spain mu 1937. Ndiye ndege Polikarpov atayesedwa, mtundu I-15 ndi Ine-16. Komabe, zotsatira zake zinali zokhumudwitsa. Machinery kwambiri anataya mpikisano German.

Stalin sanali stint pa mphoto ndi chuma allocated kwa Russian opanga ndege. Omenyana ali radioosnastku, komanso kudzera chitukuko cha latsopano zipangizo sayansi ziwembu osokonezeka, amene kwambiri bwino ntchito makhalidwe a magalimoto nkhondo.

Ndege nkhondo isanayambe

Limasonyeza boma chisanadze nkhondo ya ndege nkhondo makampani ntchito silikhali Commissar Voroshilov pa plenum Committee chapakati mu March 1939. lake anafotokoza kuwonjezeka kwambiri a Aviation la Soviet Union. Makamaka, Air Force, poyerekeza ndi chaka cha 1934, chiwerengero cha peresenti 138. chiwerengero A ndege chawonjezeka ndi nthawi 1.3.

Chiŵerengero. Zoponya mabomba ndi ozimitsa

motsindika makamaka aikidwa pa zoponya mabomba lolemera. Iye akhapidziwa kuti ndi lipenga khadi polimbana ndi asilikali Western. Choncho, zoponya mabomba katundu anali ndi kuchuluka kwambiri a zombo za. Park omenyana wakhalanso chinawonjezeka ndi nthawi 2.5.

Likuvutika opanga ndege Russian anayikidwa mu msinkhu kwenikweni latsopano. Kulinso yapangidwa ndi achita m'Mphamvu ya Motors M-25 mphamvu 715 ndiyamphamvu mpweya kuzirala mphamvu 100 M-750 ndiyamphamvu, kugwiritsa ntchito dongosolo amadzimadzi kuzirala. Zolemba malire okwera ndege komanso kuchuluka ndipo anakwana mamita 14-15 zikwi. Ndege akhala kwambiri streamlined mawonekedwe, utachepa kukana kuti apparatuses mpweya. kukula kupanga ali kutero kumayambiriro kusonkhana ndi mitundu akamaumba.

Ndi 1941, anayamba ku Soviet Union womenya ndege ankatengedwa bwino kwambiri MiG, Yak ndi LAGG. Vuto anamuzindikira monga IL-2, lomwe nthawi zonse zatsopano. Malinga ndi njira ya "Sky Oyera", inyamuka kuti amasulidwe kuzungulira 100,000 ndege SU-2, umene foni kuposa mphamvu mpweya unachitikira.

Inayamba nkhondo

The kuyambira 8:00 Germany anaukira Soviet Union mu 1200 Soviet ndege zinawonongedwa, kuphatikizapo airfields angapo masitolo onse. Mu zoyambirira za chaka cha Luftwaffe chogwidwa Soviet. Ndege I-15, I-16 imapanga wotaya atsopano lopondereza "Messerschmidt" ndi "Junker". Nthawi zina ngakhale pa ndege akulu angakhale kupambana mu aviaduelyah. Kwa mwezi umodzi ndege Russian anawononga 1,300 mayunitsi mpweya German.
Patapita miyezi sikisi, kupanga Nkhondo ndege zidagwa pafupifupi kanayi. Iwo anali olumikizidwa ndi chakuti Germany anapita Moscow, ndi kukakamiza achoke maofesi kwambiri ulimi, imene chakudya zitsulo za makampani ndege. Choncho, mu 1941 dongosolo kwa kupanga mitundu yonse ya ndege asilikali anapangidwa ndi 40 peresenti zokha.

Ndi Launch wa anasamutsidwa mabizinezi zinthu bwino kwambiri, ndi 1944 ndege analandira 100 nkhondowo magalimoto tsiku. Wamakono ali mwamtheradi zitsanzo zonse. Kuchokera bwino ndi kupereka Jak-3, LA-5, IL-10, Pe-2, Jak-9.

mitengo kukula akhoza inamva chaka ndi chaka:

- 1942 - 25 400 magalimoto.

- 1943 - 34 900 magalimoto.

- 1944 - 40 300 magalimoto.

Ndi 1944 Soviet Union anali opambana Nazi Germany chiwerengero cha ndege ndi zina 2,7. Chifukwa chimodzi chinali liwiro la msonkhano. Kamangidwe ozimitsa athu anali wosazindikira kuposa opanga German ndipo American. N'zoona kuti nthawi zonse khalidwe la aviaproduktsii anali mokomera makampani Soviet ndege.

Russian ndege ya WWII. SS2

makina anayamba kupanga mu 1937 mu Tupolev mamangidwe amasinthira lotsogoleredwa ndi Pavel Osipovich Sukhoi. Poyamba, ndege unkatchedwa "pafupi-1 yoponya mabomba" ndi linaperekedwa ndi M 88 galimoto ya 1100 ndiyamphamvu. Lamulungu-2 akupangidwa ku zomera atatu. The ndege liwiro la Lamulungu-2 - oposa 490 Km / h ndi okwera mamita 6000. Pa bolodi anatengedwa 6 makina mfuti. Bomba katundu SS2 zosiyanasiyana.

SU-2 - mmodzi wa yoponya mabomba poyamba analowa nkhondo. Iwo amachita zosiyanasiyana. Kuti pambuyo pake akweza kuti SU-4.

Yak-9

Ozimitsa ndi nawo ndi Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World, ndi kupereka chitsanzo ichi. Ngakhale Tikayerekeza chithunzi Russian ndege Yak-9 ali kunja yake makongoletsedwe. Iwo anayamba kupanga mu 1942. chifukwa panali Yak-7b. Ndi kuchotsa mbali matabwa ndi aluminium wakhala kwambiri yafupika kulemera womenya. The armament pa bolodi inkakhala ndi mfuti ya makina katundu ndi Cannon. The ndege anali ndi makhalidwe kwambiri akuchitira, zikulimbikitsa bwino ndipo zinali zosavuta ntchito. Iye anapambana zitsanzo yapita pa liwiro pazipita ndi osiyanasiyana. zolozerazi anali umboni kwa onse 1944, gulu la ndege. katundu onsewa kulola nkhondo yabwino ndi kutsogolera ndege lankhondo la mdani.
Ndege kupanga zinachitikadi zaka zingapo pakutha pa nkhondoyi. Ndipo onse anamasulidwa za 16.800 magalimoto a asilikali amene anamasulira Mabaibulo angapo.