Republic of Nagorno-Karabakh: nkhondo ndi njira zothetsera vutoli

Soviet Union yakhalapo kale ngati ilibe, ndipo mavuto atatha kugawanika adakali kutali. Chimodzi mwa mavuto amenewa ndi Nagorn- Karabakh, nkhondo imene imapitirira malire onse. Magazi akupitirira mpaka lero, palibe amene akufuna kupereka kwa aliyense, koma anthu akufa. Nchifukwa chiyani anthuwa sathanso kugwirizanitsa ndi kuyesayesa kotani?

Mbiri ya nkhondo ya Nagorno-Karabakh

Anthu oimira dziko la Armenian ndi a ku Azerbaijan amakhala m'dziko la Republic of Nagorny Krabah masiku ano. Inde, anthu onse amafika ku mizu yawo, dziko lawo, koma pano anthu onse mbali imodzi ndi mbali inayo amakhala pafupifupi nambala yomweyo. Mmene mungathetsere nkhondoyi ya Nagorno-Karabakh, kodi dzikoli liyenera kuphatikizidwa ndi dzikoli? Panthawi ya Soviet Union, anthuwa ankakhala mwamtendere, chifukwa anali mbali yaikulu ya dziko. Ndipo mu 1987, makalata anayamba kubwera ku Moscow ndi pempho loti alowe ku Armenia, ku Nagorno-Karabakh, nkhondo yomwe inayamba kuwonjezeka. Kenaka a Armenian adasankha kusonkhanitsa zikalata ndikuwatumizira ku Kremlin. Ndipo apa mafuta mu moto woyaka moto anatsanulidwa ndi mlangizi wa Gorbachev Abel Aganbegyan, yemwe ananena ku Paris kuti Nagorno-Krabach iyenera kutumizidwa ku Armenia. Mumudzi wa Chardakhli (kumpoto kwa Azerbaijan) panali chisokonezo pakati pa akuluakulu a boma ndi Armenia, zomwe zinavumbula kusagwirizana ndi wotsogolera watsopano wa kolkhoz. Apolisi anagonjetsa Awa Armenian, ndipo adatsutsa ku Moscow. Pa February 20, 1988, Bungwe la Atsogoleri a Anthu a m'dera la Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous linaganiza zoyika gawoli ku Armenia. Zimene Azerbaijan anachita zinali panthaŵi yomweyo, ndipo pa February 22, Askeran anakangana ndi otsutsa a mbali zonsezo. Anthu anaphedwa, ndipo komabe nkhondoyo sinathetseretu. Dziko la Nagorno-Karabakh mu 1989 linachotsedwa ku mphamvu ya Azerbaijan. Asilikali a boma adalowa m'derali, koma kuwomba kumeneku kunapitirizabe. Chifukwa cha zochitika zonsezi mu 1991, nkhondo inayamba . Nagorno-Karabakh, nkhondo yomwe panthawiyi inkafika kuphungu, idagwidwa kuchokera kumbali zonse. Asilikali a ku Russia atangomenyera nkhondo mu 1994, nkhondoyo inatha mu Republic of Nagorno-Karabakh. Mbiri ya nkhondoyi imapereka chidziwitso chakuti Russia ikupereka mikono kumbali zonsezi, ngakhale Azerbaijan inati yalandira thandizo ku Turkey.

Mkhalidwe wamakono

Masiku ano, vuto la Nagorno-Karabakh silinathetsedwe. Ngakhale kuti CSCE, NATO, ndi European Union zasankha zokhudzana ndi kuthetsa vutoli mu republic, kugwirizanitsa pano sikukununkhiza. Atsogoleri a mayikowo akudziyesa kuti ayenera kukondana. Ndipo popeza palibe amene akuvomereza, vutoli likuyimabe, ndipo Nagorno-Karabakh, kukangana kumene kulibenso kutsutsana, ndipo kumatsatiridwa ndi kukhetsa mwazi, makamaka ndi a Azerbaijan. Posachedwapa, mtsogoleri wa gulu la Azerbaijan ku Nagorno-Karabakh Bayram Safarov adanena kuti anthu a ku Armenia akhoza kukhala m'dera lino ngati adzalandira nzika zakomweko. Ndipo iwo amene amakana kulandira izo, ayenera kuchoka nthawi yomweyo.