Purimu - Jewish tchuthi. tsiku Kodi chikondwerero Purimu?

Purimu - Jewish tchuthi kuti akufanana kwambiri zikondwerero. Iwo kumakumbukulidwa pa mwezi. Imagwera Purimu, holide Ayuda, pa tsiku lakhumi la mwezi wotchedwa Adara. Mwachibadwa, tsiku limeneli limafanana February kapena March pa kalendala ya Gregory.

Kodi mu Purimu?

Zoyenera Purimu, holide Ayuda, zochitika anafotokoza mu Bukhu la Estere - chipulumutso kwa Hamani, Perisiya Ayuda wopondereza. Dzina chimachokera ku mawu "Puri" kutanthauza "zambiri". Aman adani awo Ayuda, ankafunanso kuwononga tsiku lina. Lero (cha khumi ndi chitatu wa miyezi Adara) anasankhidwa ndi zambiri. Mozizwitsa Komabe, osati Ayuda anali zinawonongedwa, koma iwo mbakunda anyamarwa, ndipo tsiku lakhumi ndi chinayi iwo mukondwerera chigonjetso awo. Kuyambira uyu anabwera dzina "Purimu" (Ayuda tchuthi).

tsiku la Purimu chikondwerero m'mizinda yosiyanasiyana ku Israel?

Mu likulu la Persia (tsopano wotchedwa Iran dziko), mu mzinda wa Susani, wazunguliridwa ndi makoma, anagonjetsedwa Patapita tsiku, choncho kuwayamikira kuno 15 Adara 3405 chaka. Choncho anamatetule anaganiza kuti, m'mizinda yokhala ndi mipanda ya Purimu adzakhala kumakumbukulidwa pa 15 Adara. Mu nthawi yathu, kotero yokondwerera Tel Aviv, iye anali 14. Ndipo mu Yerusalemu 15 Adara chikondwerero Purimu, holide Ayuda.

mwauchidakwa

The leitmotif la Purimu ndi chikondwerero mwambo spree. The Talmud lero amalola Myuda kumwa mpaka pamene kusiyanitsa mawu "Wotembereredwa Hamani!" la "Long moyo Mordechai!". Ndi msonkho kwa Ayuda ndi mapangano ena okhulupirika si kugwilizana. Iwo akuyesa lero akuvutika kukwaniritsa lamulo la Talmud. A galasi wophiphiritsa wa kachasu kumwa nondrinkers ngakhale kukhulupirira. Holide Ayuda Purimu ku Israel masiku ano akhala ngati zikondwerero ndi. Kuseka pamene kufuula ndi mawu akuti: "Hell DLO poizoni" Awa ndi mawu a Talmud, limene kumasulira kumatanthauza ". Bola ngati iye sichitha kulekanitsidwa"

Kusala Ester (Estere)

Post polemekeza Esther amayamba madzulo a holide. Iye akupitirira tsiku lonse. Malamulo sanali zimasiyana malamulo maudindo ena (mwachitsanzo, chakhumi cha Tevet, kapena Lenti Gedaliya).

Buku la Esther limatiuza mmene iye anafunsa Moredekai kuti asonkhanitse Ayuda onse amene anali likulu kwa masiku atatu pemphero ndi kusala kudya. Pokhapokha Esitere anavala kukhululukira anthu kwa mfumu. Iye kuswa bwalo lamulo, iye poyera kuti aphedwe.

kusala Esitere m'masunagoge ikuyamba ndi m'mawa pemphero "Selichot" (kutanthauza pemphero la kulapa). Komanso, kuwerenga ndime ku Torah. Imakamba mmene kupempherera anthu anachimwa kulambira fano la mwana wang'ombe, Mose amatipempherera.

Ndi positi mwamsanga kukondwerera ndi osangalatsa Purimu (tsiku lokumbukira kubadwa kwa - tsiku la 14 la mwezi wa Adara). Kusintha mwadzidzidzi ndi amatikumbutsa kuti zosangalatsa, kusakanizidwa ndi chisoni, kulibe m'dziko lino.

Madyerero m'sunagoge

Anthu dzuwa litalowa azipita ku sunagoge. A ana ambiri ku sinagoge pa Purimu. Izi madzulo mu Nyumba ya Mulungu kwa ana. Choncho holide imeneyi, choncho pathupi nakhala. Ana lero ndazindikira ufulu wawo kuposa nazo. Iwo amapita ku sunagoge ndi mbendera ndi noisemakers kuti zimatulutsa yosatheka kuneneka phokoso.

Kenako pemphero madzulo, pali kuwerenga Bukhu la Estere. Umayamba mwakachetechete ndi lalikulu, ndi mdalitso wa kuwerenga. Ananena kuti vesi loyamba ndi mau singsong, analandira okha cholinga Purimu wapadera. Ana Choncho chidwi kuyembekezera.

Simukulankhulanso dzina la Hamani m'sunagoge

Mutu woyamba kuwerenga, kenako - wachiwiri, kenako mphindi yaitali kutchula chiganizo anatchula Hamani. Mawu amenewa akudumpha, akuimba muluzi mu tchuthi Ayuda Purimu. Amayembekezera kwa owerenga. Pang'onopang'ono phokoso umakhala. Iye akupitiriza kuwerenga ndi pamene izo zifika ku mawu "Aman", akudumpha ndi malikhweru linabwerezedwanso. Kuwerenga sasiya, koma nthawi zambiri phokoso ndi anayambiranso. Chimakopa ana kwambiri. Uliwonse tsopano ndiyeno pamene ukuwerenga chete yomangika iliyonse dzina Hamani m'malo phokoso. Mu Buku la Estere, pali malo amapezeka kangapo yochepa ndime. Kutemberera ndi kulira phokoso ngati mfuti ndi, Purimu (Ayuda tchuthi). Kenako wotopa kuleza mtima kwa wowerenga (sangakhoze kuwerenga pamene inu usokoneze miniti iliyonse), iye akunena kwa ana, kugwedeza zibakera, akuponyera mphunzitsi kuchondelera tione. Inde, anyamata monga kuyitanitsa ndi kudikira. Iwo amavomereza kuti pali vuto. Akupitiriza osatekeseka kulimbana pakati pa ana ndi wowerenga mpaka mapeto. Iye amayesetsa mofulumira, incoherently kutchula dzina Hamani, koma si kuthandiza. Nthawi iliyonse, ziribe kanthu, izo zimayambitsa wokweza. Pomaliza anagonjetsa owerenga, kukwiya, wosimidwa, anati, mosatsimikizirika ponena, ndime yomaliza. Yakupemphereramo kumene kuwuluridwa popemphera imalira. Kumene, si chilungamo kuti owerenga pa udindo wake monga adzatenge Hamani anachititsa udani, koma nthawi zambiri choncho.

Anatinso Purimu chikondwerero mu njira iyi. mwambo umenewu ndi olimbikira kwambiri, ndipo ngakhale ambiri zisinthe ndi ndiwofatsa mipingo American Ayuda bwino. Oseketsa interludes muli chipembedzo amoyo onse.

ulaliki wotsanzira

Revel Purimu akupitiriza. Pa tsiku ili, mwamwambo anapatsidwa zithunzi zosiyana nkhope. Akuyendayenda asangalatsi kamodzi anachita ndi kupambana kwakukulu m'midzi Russian ndi Polish kusewera Hamana ndi Esther. Today wabwino ndi zovala lolingana anachita m'mbiri imeneyi ya sukulu.

"Purimu Torah"

Ngakhale mu zipinda kwaokha imene kuphunzira Malemba Ayuda achipembedzo, adzabwere nthabwala. "Purimu Torah" ndi parody za kufanana kwa anaphunzira lonena. Ndi njira m'buku la Talmud, izo imatsimikizirika kuti ndi "zoona" obweretsa zamkhutu. Izi mfundo zomveka chodabwitsa lakonzedwa kusonyeza kusatsatira wa okhwima njira m'buku la Talmud.

kutanthauza Purimu

Purimu - Jewish holide, othyathyalika kwambiri za ena. Kupereka, anakonza pa nthawi ino, yeshivas ano inasanduka zosiyanasiyana wotonza improvisation ndi nyimbo komanso mavesi. Anthu olemekezeka palibe amene sangayesedwe lero ndi kunyozedwa. Arabi ndi deans pa kanthu yake nawo kusangalala, ngakhale kuwononga moyo wawo. Purimu ndi pang'ono ndi valavu yopuma, imene mavuto ndi akukangana ndi buffoonery ndi osangalatsa amapangidwa anasonkhana kwa chaka chonse.

Komabe, si nthawi kusangalala ndi zosangulutsa. Pa Purimu Ayuda akusokoneza zotsatirazi ntchito anayi achipembedzo: kugawira zachifundo kwa osauka, kumva kuwerenga Megillah (kutanthauza kuti mbiri ya Esther), kuti mphatso kwa abwenzi ake ndi anansi ndi chakudya zosangalatsa. Kupatsana mphatso (mphatso ya nsembe) ndi mishloakh Manot. Anatengera kubweretsa zakumwa zina lililonse ndi zakudya aledzera ndi kudya tsiku lomwelo.

Mishloach manot

Nzosadabwitsa makolo Ufumuyo zofunika kwambiri kuti holide imeneyi. Iwo ankavala kunyumba ndi nyumba chakudya, atakulungidwa mu nsalu ndi malo kozungulira lapansi. Inu kusamala kwambiri: kwambiri scrupulous mtengo wachibale kutumiza chakudya zolakwika kapena ayi kuchuluka kwake, ndi munthu amene anafuna, akhoza kukhumudwa. Sauda otchedwa Purimu chakudya kawirikawiri imayamba madzulo ndipo anapitiriza tsiku lonse. Atazunguliridwa ndi alendo banjali linayamba kuchita pogulitsira zakudya ndi kumwa, kenako anadya monga nsembe mishloakh Manot. Panatseguka zitseko zonse, ndi phwando wina ndi mzake asochera kutali. Pakati pa Ayuda panali munthu wosauka, amene lero sankalola kunyumba aliyense, kulikonse kumene anapita. mwambo umenewu ndi anthu opembedza kwambiri lidakali lero. Mu United States, mwina sangakhoze kukhala ndi kubwezeretsedwa.

Akamadya m'mawa gomantashen (yomasulira - "makutu Hamani") - mchere wapadera, komanso yaing'ono triangular woboola pakati pastry ndi mbewu poppy, apricots, prunes ndi zinthu zina.

zakudya za holide imeneyi Traditional ndi mapayi tofanana kapena makutu Hamani kapena matumba ake, kapena chipewa. Wokoma kudzazidwa, amene umabisika m'nyumba ya chakudya chokoma ichi, kunena Ambuye mbali ya nkhaniyo. Monga ankachitira Eastern Europe, anagonjera Purimu challah lalikulu ndi zoumba monga watero madalitso mkate Gamotsi - gawo kuvomerezedwa chakudya. Anatumikira monga zakudya zina monga Turkey, kreplach (dumplings modzaza), mbewu ndi nyemba.

Choncho pradnik chikondwerero Purimu ku Israel, komanso m'mayiko ena kumene kuli Ayuda.