Political ulamuliro - chikhalidwe cha luntha

A penipeni pakati pa magulu a sayansi ndale amatenga mfundo zandale boma. Musanawerenge zili gulu ili, muyenera kupanga malo, popanda zomwe kulongosola akamanena za ndale boma ndi olakwika ndipo mwasayansi sizinatheke.

chakuti dongosolo la ndale ndi organically zogwirizana ndi gulu chofunika kwambiri sayansi ndale, pamene dongosolo la ndale. Monga mbali ya maganizo tsiku ndi tsiku utolankhani ndi kutanthauzira ena zoyerekeza-sayansi anapanga kumvetsa stereotypical wa dongosolo la ndale monga chinachake chimene bwino woikidwiratu. Ndiko kuti, ngati tikukamba za chinthu chabwino mu zenizeni ndale Mwachitsanzo, za dongosolo la ndale, zimene ziyenera kupezeka kwa wowerenga (kumvetsera) ndithu, monga ulamuliro, kulingana ndi maganizo a ntchito dongosolo la ndale.

Ndipo njira zina pofotokoza zenizeni ndale ndi maganizo anakonzeratu zoipa, ntchito gulu la ndale. Zimenezi ndi zolakwika, alibe kanthu kochita ndi njira sayansi kusanthula ndale. chakuti sayansi yamakono ndale amachita ndi dongosolo la ndale mu njira ziwiri. Mu mmodzi wa iwo, dongosolo la ndale ndi kukhazikitsa zenizeni m'moyo wa munthu limagwirira mphamvu boma ina pa mlingo wina.

Mogwirizana ndi zizindikiro ochiritsira ndale anawagawira, ndi wina wa classifications ambiri ndi demokalase kusankha mtundu andale odalirika ndiponso wankhanza. Kwa linakhalapo, dongosolo la ndale akhoza kukhala mu maiko osiyana, kutanthauza kuti kukhala demokalase kapena kuti Tikhale mbali ya mtundu wankhanza. Choncho, m'pofunika boma makamaka a dongosolo la ndale la boma makamaka pa nthaŵi inayake mbiri ndi khalidwe m'gulu - ndale. Komabe, sumabala ziwerengero aliyense katundu, ndi kokha analanda boma la dongosolo la ndale la anthu kuperekedwa pa nthawi yakutiyakuti. Mwachitsanzo, ife yaitali ankakhala pansi pa dongosolo Soviet ndale, amene anali pafupifupi zikutsatiridwa mu nthawi za m'mbiri. Komabe, malingana ndi amene anali ndi mphamvu, ndi amene anapanga mlengalenga ndale m'dziko, ife olekanitsidwa mode "m'firiji pamtunda" (Nikita Khrushchev, Stalin boma, boma la stagnation (Leonid Brezhnev), kusintha mode (Mikhail Gorbachev).

Kuchokera pa njira imeneyi, boma amachita ngati chodabwitsa otumphukira ku dongosolo la ndale ndipo anazindikira kuti akonzedwa ena a magawo enieni andale, maganizo, nyumba ndi anthu onse maka- kuonetsetsa kuonetsa mphamvu pa anthu anapatsidwa nthawi zina.

Pa mapangidwe chidziwitso ano ndale, anapanga chokwanira ndithu ndipo zina, chilengedwe ya muyezo, amene gulu la zipani. Komabe, mfundo zikuluzikulu za gulu la ulamuliro makamaka ndi kumvetsa kuti izo zimanyezimiritsa makhalidwe a dongosolo la ndale, choncho kuti angathe ayenera kukhala phunziro kwa yemweyo mitundu njira Kugawilidwa kwanthaka kuti ntchito gulu la ndale.

Kuweta ano zipani anawagawira pamaziko a muyezo monga mphamvu, njira ya usilikali mphamvu, chikhalidwe cha zimene zimachitika pakati pa boma ndi anthu, katundu wa malamulo oletsa kuti kulibe anthu, udindo wa mfundo, mtundu wa atsogoleri andale udindo wa zipani malo a matupi yimitsira mu dongosolo la mphamvu ndi zina. Malinga ndi muyezo awa, ambiri a anthu kugawanitsa zipani kuti demokalase opondereza ndi authoritarian. Kuyenera ofalitsidwa mu malingaliro kuti pali pafupifupi palibe andale zinalili mu "mawonekedwe choyera", mwachitsanzo, ndi makhalidwe a mtundu umodzi mode. Monga ulamuliro, onse alipo modes zenizeni ndale ndi khalidwe integrative ndi kuphatikiza malingaliro a mitundu yosiyanasiyana.