Plan Dawes monga njira kuwatsitsimula chuma Germany m'ma 1920s

Atagonjetsedwa wa German Ufumu Pangano la Versailles yosainidwa mu First World nkhondo ya 1914-1918. Ndi mawu ake, Germany anali wopereka ndalama zopepesera kuti mayiko a Entente. Kukula ndi nthawi malipilo si chimodzimodzi ndi malamulo a pangano mtendere. Mu zaka 2-3, Germany anali amakumana ndi mavuto a zachuma. Mu 1924, Plan ya Dawes udaikidwa kuti abwezeretse bwino malipiro a zachuma German.

Franco-German atasemphana m'dera Ruhr

Mmodzi wa maiko kudalira kukonza, anali France. Pamene Germany pambuyo chiyambi cha pamavuto aakulu azachuma, mavuto anayamba ndi malipiro a reparations, Pulezidenti Poincare anaganiza kulowa asilikali French m'dera Ruhr. Monga inu mukudziwa, Ruhr - ndi gwero kulemera dera ambiri Germany. Pali sukulu zosiyanasiyana khala ncho, amene panthawiyo ankagwiritsa ntchito mu mafakitale ndi njanji. French nkhondo ya m'gawo la German anali ndi zolinga zingapo:

• kuonetsetsa okwanira nthawi zonse malipiro reparation kwa France;
• mwayi kwa German zachilengedwe kwa industrialists French;
• chifooke chikoka cha England ndi US ndale ku Ulaya.

German kukana inatenga miyezi 8. Chakumapeto kwa chaka cha 1923, boma la German unathera ndalama kwa polimbana patsogolo French. France anayesa kuti agonjetse Germany wokha, amene si m'gulu zolinga za atsogoleri ena a mayiko.

Ntchito ntchito akatswiri kuphunzira zinthu ndalama Germany

Mu November 1923, gulu lonse wakhazikitsa lamulolo kenako anayamba Plan ya Dawes. ntchito za ntchito anapezeka chuma katswiri a ku Ulaya komanso akatswiri munthu ku United States. Kapangidwe thupi wakhala analenga magulu awiri. Woyamba ntchito kubwezeretsa ndalama German. Kuchuluka kwa gulu lachiwiri inkakhala mafunso kufufuza kubwerera mwayi ku likulu la dziko, zichokera kunja. Ndalama imeneyi akanatha kwa kuwatsitsimula a chuma chifukwa tikudziwa bwino chuma chitukuko cha Germany akanapereka reparations.

Development ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa strategy Entente

January 14, 1924 mu London, anatsegula msonkhano wa komiti ya Akatswiri. Anayamba kuyenda Mkuluyo m'dera American loya Charles Dawes. Isanafike kujowina Komiti masiku angapo gulu la zachuma odziwa unachitikira ku Germany kuti kuphunzira chithunzi chenicheni cha mlingo wa chuma. Pamaziko a deta analandira wakhala anayamba lipoti chimene chinapangidwa anthu pamsonkhano wa mu London.

Ngati ife kulankhula za Plan Dawes Mu nthawi yochepa, kuthetsedwa vuto la kubwezeretsa solvency za chuma German kwa malipiro a reparations. Kapangidwe ka anauzidwa chidagawika patatu. Poyamba lingaliro anali kuti kukonza - si ngongole kunja abwenzi Germany a Western, osati njira ya chilango cha mavuto amene mayiko Entente amakumana nawo nkhondo.

Dawes dongosolo otchedwa potipatsa ngongole kuti ayambe German chuma kuchuluka kwa zizindikiro 800 miliyoni. Chachikulu kusiyana pakati pa ngongole ili kuchokera pano mayiko mapulogalamu co-sankakhala ndi IMF chinali Germany linakhazikitsa wapadera anatumiza msonkho mphamvu kulamulira bajeti. Komanso, Company analenga wapadera, zomwe kuiulutsa pa kayendetsedwe ka dongosolo sitima ku Germany kwa zaka 40. Ndipotu kulamulira pa malo oonekera wadutsa mu manja payekha. Control pa ndalama boma anatayika chifukwa ufulu kusindikiza ndalama analandira mwapadera anakhazikitsa banki, limene linali pansi anagwirizana kulamulira. Dawes Plan Amapezanso msonkho waukulu kwa anthu. Magwero waukulu mapangidwe ndalama reparative anali makampani revenues ndi boma bajeti.

Zotsatira za ndondomekoyi anagwirizana

Kukhazikitsidwa kwa ndondomeko ya Dawes zotsatirapo zabwino ndi zoipa kwa maiko a ku Ulaya. Lapindulidwa:

• ziziyenda mmene chuma chikuyendera mu Germany;
• kuyambiranso malipiro reparation.

mfundo zoipa:

• impoverishment ya anthu;
• oyamba a misonkho olemetsa kwa anthu zinachititsa kuti adzauka pa mlingo kumusonyeza lokhala wosasangalala anthu;
• Kodi kudza kwa ulamuliro mu 1933, chipani cha Nazi ndi Adolf Hitler.