Ntchito yomanga kusamba: sitepe ndi sitepe malangizo. Bath ndi manja ake

Anthu ambiri masiku ano amaganiza za mfundo bwanji ntchito yomanga kusamba. Sitepe ndi sitepe kalozera zikuthandizani inu ndi ichi. Adzakhululukidwa anapereka m'munsimu. Choyamba musankhepo wotani zinthu idzakhala maziko a zomangamanga. Izi zikhoza kukhala Mwachitsanzo, matabwa kapena njerwa. Njira yamasika, mu zina, kumaonekera. Izo anasonyeza makamaka makhalidwe chitetezo moto Komanso, njerwa, mwina ndi mtsogoleri pa nkhani ya durability.

NKHANI njerwa kusamba

Pamaso kusankha njerwa monga mfundo kusamba, m'pofunika kupenda onse a m'mbali mwake zabwino ndi zoipa. Poyamba, mwina kudziŵika mbali ya mankhwala amenewa, anasonyeza kuti n'zotheka kukhala ndi yomangidwa mu zosiyanasiyana. Kugwiritsa njerwa, mukhoza kukhala otsimikiza kuti nyumbayo lidzakhalapo kwa zaka zana kapena kuposa. Nditamaliza ntchito yomanga musadandaule chakuti pamwamba kunja kwa mpanda adzakhala ndi kumaliza. Komabe, tiyenera kuunikila ndi kuipa. Choncho, ntchito yomanga kusamba ndi manja ake (malangizo adzakhala anapereka m'nkhani) ndi zodula ngati timagwiritsa ntchito njerwa, zimene zili zoona poyerekeza ndi mtengo wa. Komanso, njerwa ali mkulu kutentha mphamvu, zomwe zikusonyeza kufunika kusungunula ndi nthunzi kusamba kwa nthawi ya chidwi. Komabe, vutoli mosavuta anathana ndi njira matenthedwe kutchinjiriza ntchito.

M'pofunika kuganizira mfundo yakuti njerwa amatha apeze chinyezi, unkawononga wake wotsatira. Ichi ndi chifukwa ndi makhalidwe kuli chidwi ya nthunzi ya madzi permeability poyerekeza ndi mitengo. Koma nkhani ingathetsedwe mmene mpweya unsembe.

Kuona malo a kusamba

Musanayambe ntchito yomanga kusamba, sitepe ndi sitepe malangizo muyenera bwino ankafufuza. Choncho, poyamba kuganiza za kumene nyumbayi adzakhala anaika. Monga lamulo zofunika chikhalidwe waima, wopangidwa chakuti malo sanali yonyowa. Izi zikuonetsanso kuti kukhalapo kwa posungira pafupi pomanga ayenera kuyamba ndi retiring ku 30 mamita kapena kuposa, mwinamwake chigumula masika kwenikweni akadzipereka chinyezi m'mwamba, ndi zina madzi anasefukira angagwe.

Sitepe ndi sitepe malangizo pomanga kusamba Russian amapereka mogwirizana ndi zofunika chitetezo moto, pamafunika kuchotsa nyumba kwa nyumba yoyandikana ndi mamita khumi kapena zambiri, zimene zili zoona kwa malo osambira amene ankakolezera ndi matabwa. Koma mu nkhani ya magetsi udindo akuyenera kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi kapena mafuta kukatentha, mtunda izi zikhoza kuchepetsedwa ndi mamita asanu, chifukwa m'kati ng'anjo sati kwaiye utsi.

Ngati akufuna ndalama, kusamba akhoza olumikizidwa kwa nyumba zogona pa malo, izo kuchepetsa kumwa zipangizo, ndi kukhala ndi magetsi ndi dongosolo ngalande simudzavutika kwambiri.

unsembe wa maziko

Ngati mukufuna kudzimvera kubala yomanga kusamba, sitepe ndi sitepe kalozera adzakhala kwambiri kuti tiyanjane ndi inu mungathe pano. Posankha mtundu wa maziko kusamba, muyenera kuganizira kumanga maziko adzakhala zochepa amagwira kwambiri. Yankho la funso limeneli lidzakhala kapangidwe lamba. Yolimbitsira akhale 1 mita kapena kuposa, zimene zili zoona makamaka kwa dothi dongo. Pakuti kumanga maziko poyamba mukalembe m'deralo, angathe kuyamba kuchotsa pamwamba wosanjikiza dothi. Mu siteji yotsatira ya zomangamanga dzenje anakumba wozungulira pansi zake zidzakhala kudzaza mchenga, tamped wosanjikiza landscaped ayenera makulidwe mu osiyanasiyana 20 cm. Compacts kudzakhala kosavuta ngati mchenga ndi chisanadze madzi. Tsopano mukhoza kuika mwala wophwanyidwa, amene pamwamba tamped mosamala angaimbidwenso. Wosanjikiza makulidwe ayenera kukhala osachepera kawiri amene m'mbuyomu. Ena akatswiri kuika miyala mu njira, alternating ndi mchenga. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, nthawi yomweyo ayenera angapo zigawo.

Kulimbikitsa ndi kuthira

M'pofunika kupereka ulemu wapadera kwa mphamvu ya maziko, ngati inu kubala nokha yomanga kusamba. mwatsatane-tsatane malangizo ayenera bwinobwino kuti tikwaniritse zotsatira zimenezi. Pakuti osambira odalirika m'munsi mu maziko ake ayenera muli zovekera. Koma pamaso atagona m'pofunika kukhazikitsa formwork. Chingakhale matabwa kapena plywood, izo ndi zoyenera kwa mtendere wa zinthu anapereka spacers. ndiye yekha anaika zolimba khola, ndi bwino ku phiri pa choyikapo, n'zotheka ntchito njerwa izi. Tsopano, wodzazidwa ndi njira zimenezi ziyenera kuchitidwa mu zigawo, osati kudikira mpaka kutumphuka limapezeka padziko m'mbuyomu. Wosanjikiza ndi wosanjikiza chakuti akuoneni kuti athe yaying'ono yankho. Chifukwa chaichi, angagwiritsidwe ntchito kugwedera mbale kapena chidutswa cha rebar konkire kuboola iwo. Pambuyo kuthira kapangidwe analola kwa nthawi mpaka Dries kusakaniza. M'pamene angathe inu kuyamba kupanga kumatira.

kutchinjiriza ntchito

Yomanga kusamba, sitepe ndi sitepe kalozera kuti ndithu tikusowa handyman novice, zikusonyeza yotsatira siteji atagona kutchinjiriza. Iwo akhoza zochokera denga chuma, anaika mu zigawo zingapo. Ngati mukufuna kuteteza nyumbayi kwa mvula, muyenera kumanga malo akhungu, amene aikidwa padziko kukafika kutsogolo kwa mafuta dothi losakaniza ndi miyala ndi mchenga. M'lifupi yomanga akhale 1 m.

yomanga mpanda

Kumangira kusamba Ndi bwino ntchito ofiira kapena kashiamu silicate njerwa. Malinga kusamba wangwiro kuika 1,5 kapena 2 njerwa, motero kupeza khoma makulidwe a pakati pa 38 ndi 51 masentimita motero. Ngakhale partitions mkati akhoza zakhala zikuzunza m'miyoyo mu ½ kapena ¼ njerwa kuti amalola kupeza makulidwe a 6 ½ kapena 12 cm.

Isanayambe yomanga mpanda n'kofunika kudziwa zimene mtundu wa kutchinjiriza ntchito. Ngati, nditamaliza ntchito imene idzachitika si insulated, makoma akhoza kumangidwa pa mfundo za mphete-zowalamulira, ndiye danga chopanda kanthu kudzazika kutentha insulator. Optionally mumakhala makoma kuchokera mkati kapena kuyambira kunja nditamaliza yomanga nyumba ndi ochiritsira.

Musati anagona dera kapu ndi mbali ya nyumba maziko, amene anakonza pansipa kusindikiza wosanjikiza, ntchito njerwa dzenje, pamene pamwamba kusindikiza mzere ndi chovomerezeka ntchito nkhani dzenje.

Yomanga kusamba ndi manja ake, sitepe ndi sitepe malangizo amene pano, zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito njira kwa njerwa zomangamanga. Konzani izo ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito mchenga (fractional 1-2,6 mm), simenti laimu ndi kuchuluka yabwino madzi.

Unsembe wa denga

Akamaliza ya unsembe mu khoma ayenera kuyendetsa zikhomo, zomwe ndi zofunika kwa kukonza khoma mipiringidzo. Chotsatira adzakhala unsembe wa matabwa pansi, omwe wokwera mwachindunji njerwa zitsulo okonzeka. Pofuna kuteteza matabwa, m'pofunika kukulunga iwo mu zinthu denga. Inu sayenera kutsegula butts awo. Grooves popangidwa ndi makoma ndi matabwa, kutchinjiriza ayenera kudzazidwa.

Yomanga mpanda matabwa

Sitepe ndi sitepe yomanga osamba ndi manja ake zingaphatikizepo ntchito matabwa m'tsinde mwa makoma. Mpaka nthawi ya njerwa, amene luso wakhala tafotokozazi, ntchito zonse zichitike pa mfundo yomweyo. maziko kungakhale lamba, komanso yokonza pamwamba isanafike unsembe zipika - zidzakhala chimodzimodzi. Komanso n'zotheka kuyamba stacking mitengo, ambiri Chofunika - titsimikize isanayambe ndondomeko, kugwirizana lanu zidzagwiritsidwanso ntchito. Pakati pa zitsulo kwenikweni anaika kutchinjiriza, malekezero a amene ayenera anachoka pa mbali zonse za mpanda. Kutentha insulator atapachikidwa pa mbali, zidzagwiritsidwanso ntchito mu gawo lachiwiri pambuyo n'kumawotha kusamba shrinkage. Matabwa kusamba ndi manja ake, sitepe ndi sitepe kutsogolera ntchito yomanga chomwe chili m'nkhani zingaphatikizepo pamaso pa pansi matabwa pa joists. Izi zikhoza kuwerenga m'munsimu.

dongosolo pansi

Kuti amange pansi pa matabwa pansi, choyamba muyenera mosamala kusindikiza nthaka, mungathe kugwiritsa ntchito makina kapena njira pa dzanja mu mawonekedwe a zipika zazikulu. Pambuyo kupsa yokonza mchenga ndi miyala, onse anatsanulira simenti "mkaka" ndi chidafundidwa ndi kutchinjiriza. Tsopano mukhoza kuyamba kuika kwanthawi, limene wokwera plywood. Iwo m'pofunika kugula madzi buku la izo. Kuti nthunzi akhoza kukhala simenti.

Ntchito pa simenti

Kuchita ntchito padziko siteji ndi joists ndi kudzaza screed ndi ena kukondera kwa kukhetsa. Ntchito bwino kwambiri padziko matabwa akhoza zakhala zikuzunza m'miyoyo. Atakhala pansi kusamba, amene sitepe malangizo ayenera kale kuphunzira mankhwala womanga kumafuna chithandizo nkhuni popewa inali kuwola. Muyenera kusankha amene mulibe angabweretse chiopsezo ku thanzi la munthu. M'chipinda chodikiriramo simenti angathe kupatsidwa mipope Kutentha, zomwe zakhala zikuzunza m'miyoyo njoka. Izi kupereka Kutentha m'nyengo yozizira ndi pang'ono kuchepetsa chinyezi mkulu akubwera kuchokera munthu.