Nkhuka zoyera: mitundu, kulima

Nkhaka ndizokondedwa ndipo chaka chilichonse zimakula masamba m'munda wa chilimwe. Ndipo zingawoneke bwanji, angadabwe bwanji? Koma chifukwa cha obereketsa pali mitundu yatsopano yachikhalidwe ichi: yoyera, yachikasu, yayikulu ndi yaying'ono kwambiri ...

Nkhaniyi idzaperekedwa ku nkhaka zoyera. Dziko lakwawo ndi lovuta kutchula dzina, chifukwa linalengedwa nthawi yomweyo ndi obereketsa maiko angapo. Lero nkhaka zoyera zimakhala zachi China, zomwe zimakula bwino pa malo athu.

Zida

Kusiyana kwakukulu kwa nkhaka zoyera ndi mtundu wawo wa chipale chofewa, zokolola zambiri ndi kusamalira undemanding.

Malingana ndi kukoma kwake, zipatso zimakhala zofanana ndi zobiriwira, koma khungu lawo ndi lochepa kwambiri, thupi limakhala lofewa, komanso kuwonjezera apo, samakhala ndi chisoni. Nkhuka zoyera zili bwino m'mawonekedwe atsopano komanso zamzitini.

Tsinde lamphamvu la mitundu yoteroyo likhoza kufika mamita atatu m'litali, choncho zomera izi zimakula pang'onopang'ono pansi, pamtunda, zomwe zimawalola kuti alandire dzuwa ndi mpweya, ndipo zipatso zimakhala zoyera. Kuonjezerapo, kwa anthu okhala m'nyengo ya chilimwe, omwe amagwiritsa ntchito malo alionse phindu, ili ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yobzala.

Nkhaka zoyera ndi zolimba kwambiri, kutentha kwabwino (mpaka +45 ° C) ndi mthunzi, zimagonjetsedwa ndi matenda ndi tizilombo toononga, ndipo fruiting mu nyengo yotentha imatha kupitirira mpaka chisanu. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, iwo samayambitsa nsabwe za m'masamba, zomera sizimakhudzidwa ndi peronosporosis, sizikufuna zina kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa.

White nkhaka mu wowonjezera kutentha

Mitundu yoyera ya nkhaka mu greenhouses ndi greenhouses imakhala yotchuka kwambiri pakati pa anthu a chilimwe. Njira iyi imakulolani kuti mupeze zokolola zambiri. Bzalani nkhaka zoyera m'mabotolo omwe ali ndi mbewu ndi mbande. Popeza ichi ndi chomera chotalika, ndi kofunika kusamalira trellis ya garter ya zimayambira pasadakhale.

Kupanga fetus kumachitika pa tsinde lalikulu komanso pamphukira. Kuonjezera chiwerengero cha mphukira zowonongeka ndi kusintha zokololazo, zitsani kukula. Kuwaza kwa nkhaka zoyera mu wowonjezera kutentha kungapitirize mpaka chisanu.

Kukonzekera kwa dothi

Kukula kwa nkhaka zoyera makamaka kumadalira kulondola kwa kukonzekera nthaka kubzala masamba. Mfundo yokonzekera dothi ndi yowonongeka ndipo imakhala yofanana ndi mabedi otseguka ndi malo ogulitsira.

Dziko lapansi liyenera kupukutidwa ndi kuchoka kwa masabata angapo. Panthawiyi, idzakhazikika, ndipo padzakhala zotheka kupanga mabedi. Pamene kukumba nthaka, musaiwale za kugwiritsa ntchito organic feteleza.

Manyowa watsopano samalimbikitsa, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito humus kapena kugula mankhwala.

Kubzala ndi kukula

Kubzala mbewu ndi mbande zapangidwa m'mizere patali wa masentimita 10-15 kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake. M'tsogolomu, pamene chomera chikukula, tsinde lake liyenera kumangirizidwa kumatope otambasula kapena trellis.

Ndikofunika kukumbukira kufunika koti tithetse nthaka, komanso kuchotsa namsongole. Sizingakhale zopanda mphamvu kuthirira mbeu ndi mineral feteleza, zomwe zingagulidwe m'masitolo ambiri.

Monga mukudziwira, nkhaka ndi masamba omwe amawathandiza kusungunuka, koma mitundu yoyera siilimbikitsa chinyezi. Kwa iwo, madzi okwanira ambiri masiku 4-5 adzakhala okwanira. Mukamakulitsa nkhaka zoyera mu wowonjezera kutentha, zimalimbikitsidwa kukhazikitsa mbiya ndi madzi kuti zithetse mlengalenga ndikupeza chomera kupyolera mwa masamba a chinyezi chofunikira.

Kuthirira tchire kumachita bwino m'mawa kapena madzulo. Madzi ayenera kukhala ndi kutentha kwa mpweya. Kumbukirani kuti kuthirira kuchokera pa chitsime ndi madzi oundana sikuletsedwa. Ndibwino kuti musamadye nkhaka yotentha, chifukwa izi zingayambitse kutentha kwa masamba.

Mitundu yotchuka

Masiku ano kwambiri ndiwo mitundu yotsatira ya nkhaka zoyera:

• Bidigo-Lungo. Ndi wosakanizidwa ndi malo ambiri a saladi komanso zakudya zatsopano. Zosiyanasiyana ndi kukula msinkhu, zomwe zimathandiza kuti mututala mutabzala mu wowonjezera kutentha pambuyo pa masiku 50. Nkhuka zoyerazi zimapindula bwino ndipo zimakupatsani inu kukolola bwino mpaka October-November.

• Kambuku la chipale chofewa. Izi ndizomwe zimapereka maonekedwe abwino kwambiri, omwe amatha kulemera kwa masentimita 20. Nkhuka imapangidwa kuti ikhale ya pickle, marinades ndi zakudya zatsopano.

• White White. Amatchula mtundu umodzi wa nkhaka zoyera. Chomeracho chimadziwika ndi kukwera kwake kutentha kutsika. White White imawongolera bwino kunja. Kufika kumatha kukhazikitsidwa kale mu April, ndipo zokolola zoyamba zimapezeka kumapeto kwa May. Nkhaka mwangwiro fructify ndipo akukonzekera kukonzekera saladi ndi dzuwa.

• Mkwatibwi. Zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimafuna kuthirira nthawi zonse ndi umuna. Only odziwa wamaluwa akhoza kupeza mkulu zokolola ndi zabwino kukoma makhalidwe.

Kutsiliza

Mitundu yoyera ya nkhaka ndi zosavuta kukula ndikukhala ndi zipatso zabwino. Iwo amalepheretsa kusamalira komanso kukonda okonda wamaluwa ndi wamaluwa. Ngakhale mosasamala, mukhoza kusonkhanitsa mbewu zabwino. Anagwiritsa ntchito zipatso za saladi ndi dzuwa. Tangoganizirani momwe zingakhalire zachiwoneka nkhaka, zamzitini mumtsuko ndi msuwani wawo wobiriwira!