Nkhaka "emerald mtsinje": ndemanga. Kulongosola kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana, kulima

N'zovuta kulingalira zakudya za anthu popanda mbewu za masamba. Mmodzi wa iwo ali ndi mbiri yake yokha ndi makhalidwe ake. Zina mwa masamba otchuka kwambiri sitingathe kulemba nkhaka. Chodabwitsa chogulitsa chakudya, chomwe chili kunyumba kwa India ndi China, ndi chopindulitsa kwambiri. Nkhaka ndi 95% madzi. Komabe, potaziyamu wambiri komanso makilogalamu ochepa amathandiza kuti iwo akhale gawo lalikulu la chakudya kwa aliyense amene akufuna kutaya thupi.

Nkhaka za saladi

Posankha mitundu yosiyanasiyana yobzala minda, kutsatira fashoni kapena kutsogoleredwa ndi mfundo zina zosankha zomera pa mabedi, perekani zokonda zamchere. Komabe, omwe amakonda makasitomala komanso amadziwika ndi kulima nkhaka zam'chikale zamtundu wawo m'munda wawo nthawi zonse amapeza malo osiyanasiyana.

Ndipo sikuti kulemba mbewu za nkhaka ku China. Reviews osangalala eni zachilendo masamba akulangizidwa kukula mbumba mitundu ndi hybrids. Zina mwa izo, nkhaka zosiyanasiyana "emerald mtsinje" ali ndi makhalidwe abwino kwambiri.

Kufotokozera

Zosakaniza zimasiyana mofulumira kucha kuchapa. Nthawi yobzala ndi masiku 44-48. Nkhaka ndi parthenocarpic, ndi mtundu wambiri wa mtundu wa maluwa. Iye amadziwika ndi mtundu wa mtundu wa ovary mapangidwe. Chomeracho sichifuna kutero. Mbali imeneyi imakulolani kuti mukhale ndi haibridi pamalo otseguka, m'nyumba zosungiramo zobiriwira komanso kunyumba.

Zipatso za mtundu wa Chitchaina. Zelenians amafika 25 cm m'litali. Mukakhwima mokwanira, zipatso za nkhaka zosakanizidwa zam'madzi zikasupe zimakhala zochititsa chidwi. Umboni wa anthu omwe ali ndi mwayi wa chozizwitsa chimenechi umasonyeza kuti zitsanzo za munthu aliyense zinkafika masentimita makumi asanu ndi atatu m'litali! Zipatso za saladi ndizokoma ndi zonunkhira. Mtedza wochepa kwambiri ndi wovuta komanso wobiriwira, komanso nkhaka zikapsa.
Zipatso zobiriwira zobiriwira zobiriwira zimakhala ndi chida cha tuberculate.

Ubwino

"Flux ya Emerald" F1 imadziwika ndi zipatso zautali yaitali, zomwe zidzakhala kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe mpaka yoyamba yophukira chisanu. Imakhala yosagwirizana ndi kutentha, komanso kutentha. Makhalidwe okonda mthunzi amakulolani kukula pawindo kapena mu loggia panyumba. Chomeracho chimagonjetsedwa ndi powdery mildew.

Nkhuka zonunkhira ndi zokoma "emerald flow". Maphunziro amanenetsa kuti masamba abwino kwambiri saladi sapezeka. Pankhaniyi, nkhaka imodzi idzakhala yokwanira kwa mbale, yomwe mungathe kudyetsa mamembala onse a m'banja. Ziribe kanthu nyengo, nyengo yowonjezera ya fodya idzakupatsani zipatso zowutsa mudyo nthawi yonseyi.

Mmera

Pofuna kubzala mbewu, zimalimbikitsa kudzala nkhaka zamtunduwu. Pofuna kupanga oyambirira, njira ya mmera ndi yangwiro. Mbewu zimabzalidwa mu greenhouses mu April, pamene kutentha kwa nthaka kumafika madigiri khumi ndi anayi. Pankhaniyi, ayenela kukhazikitsidwa bwino ndikukhala ndi masamba atatu kapena anayi. Zaka za mbande zotero ziyenera kukhala masiku makumi awiri mphambu zisanu kapena makumi atatu. Mbewu mbewu za nkhaka "emerald kutuluka" kuti apeze chodzala chodzala, chomwe chidzabzalidwe mu greenhouses mu March. Musanabzala, amachizidwa ndi kukula kokometsera kapena madzi a alosi. Kenaka, nyembazo zouma bwino ndipo zimafesedwa mzidutswa ziwiri mu pulasitiki kapena peat makapu odzazidwa ndi nthaka yosakaniza yosakaniza.

Kulima nkhaka mbande mabokosi ndi osafunika. Sichimazika mizu bwino pamene mizu imasokonezeka. Kufesa kumathetsedwa potsegula nthaka ndikuphimba mbande. Amasunthira ku malo otentha ndi kuyembekezera maonekedwe. Nkhuka "mtsinje wa emerald" uli ndi makhalidwe ofanana ndi mthunzi. Ndemanga zochokera kwa iwo omwe adakula mbande za wosakanizidwayi, onani kuti pakutha sipadzakhalanso mavuto ena. Zomera zimakhala bwino ndipo sizitambasula.

Wowonjezera kutentha nkhaka

Chomera chokwanira chapamwamba chimabzalidwa m'mizere pansi pa nthaka yotsekedwa. Pofuna kubzala bwino sayenera kubisala. Pakati pa mbande amasungidwa osachepera 50 masentimita. Ngati nkhaka zakula zaka zingapo pamzere umodzi, zomwe ndizosafunika kwambiri, m'pofunika kusinthika nthaka yopangidwa ndi wowonjezera kutentha. Idzaza ndi nthaka yatsopano yachonde ndi feteleza yambiri yamchere imayambitsidwa. Nthaka iyenera kumasuka komanso kukhala ndi makhalidwe abwino kwambiri. Wowonjezera kutentha nkhaka mwakula vertically. Wosakaniza wa nkhaka "mtsinje wa emerald" amasiyana ndi kukula kolimba ndi kupanga mapepala ambiri. Iye amangirizidwa ku chimango cha wowonjezera kutentha.

Kusamalira nkhaka mu wowonjezera kutentha

Kuti mupeze mbewu yolimba, nthawi zonse kuthirira ndi kudyetsa kudzafunika. Pothirira madzi, madzi sayenera kugwera pamasamba a zomera. Iyenera kukhala ofunda. Pambuyo pake, pangani ventilate wowonjezera kutentha kuti chinyezi chisapitirire. Panthawiyi idzafunika katatu kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza.

Kukula kwakukulu kwa chipatso ndi nkhaka "emerald flow". Ndemanga za alimi a galimoto omwe ankakonda zowonjezera izi, amanena kuti zidzatenga nthawi yokolola. Zimasonkhanitsidwa pofika masentimita 25-30. Komabe, ngati simunafulumize kukolola, mukhoza kukula nkhaka zazikulu, kutalika kwake ndi masentimita 60 mpaka 80. Kuti muonetsetse kuti fruiting yabwino ndi yaitali, feteleza nthawi zonse imagwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi pa sabata. Ntchitoyi ndi yabwino kuchitidwa mutatha kukonza nkhaka ndikuyambitsa kuchepetsa. Monga chakudya, timagwiritsa ntchito njira za Mullein kapena manyowa a nkhuku.

Kulima kunja

Ngati pali malo obiriwira m'deralo, amalima nkhaka "Emerald" m'njira zingapo. Ndemanga za alimi a ndiwo zamasamba amanena kuti ndizovuta kukula izi wosakanizidwa m'mawu angapo. M'nthawi yam'mbuyomo, idzakula m'malo obisika. Kutangoyamba kwa nyengo yofunda, mukhoza kubzala mbewu pamtunda. Pa nthawi yomweyi, tikulimbikitsanso kuti tipeze mbande zisanayambe kukula pamabedi. Kusunga mbewu kumalo otseguka kumachitika pa chiwembu chokonzekera m'dzinja. Yabwino okonzekera nkhaka adzakhala anyezi, zomera za banja Solanaceae ndi nyemba.

M'chaka, chiwembucho ndi udzu, nthaka imasulidwa ndipo humus imayambitsidwa. Mbewu zafesedwa mzere. Mzerewu umasungidwa osachepera 50 cm Mu mzere pakati pa zomera ayenera kukhala 30-35 masentimita. Nkhaka za China ndizosavuta kukula pa trellis. Pachifukwa ichi, chomera cholimba chidzafuna kukonzekera kotsimikizika.

Njira ya Trellis

Mapangidwe a chithandizo cha kukula nkhaka akhoza kukhala osiyana. Chikhalidwe chachikulu ndi chodalirika. Kapangidwe kameneka kamangidwe kuchokera ku matabwa a matabwa kapena zitsulo zamkuwa ndi waya, komanso pathanthwe lapadera. Kutalika kwa chithandizo chiyenera kukhala mamita awiri. Pakati pa zogwirizira, mizere itatu ya waya imatambasulidwa, pamtundu wa pulasitiki. Kukhazikitsidwa kwa mawawa a nkhaka kumachitidwa ndi twine. Dera lozungulira trellis liyenera kuikidwa ndi humus. Chitsamba chilichonse ndi mapiri.

Kusamalira zomera mu malo otseguka pansi

Kukolola nthawi zonse kudzafunikila kuti mupeze mbewu zolimba. Monga momwe zimakhalira pansi, chinyezi ndi zakudya zimafunikira. Pachifukwa ichi, kuvala kwanthawi zonse ndi kumveka pamwamba kumachitika. Musaumitse nthaka. Kutentha, kuthirira madzulo. Monga kumalo otseka, madzi ofunda amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa izi. Kukhazikika kwa ntchito ya feteleza ndi masiku khumi. Amayamba masiku asanu ndi awiri mutabzala mbande.

Pofesa mbewu mwachindunji m'nthaka, kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza kumagwera nthawi pamene masamba enieni awiri amawonekera. Monga feteleza ntchito slurry, yankho la nkhuku manyowa. Kuphatikiza apo, mungathe kuwonjezera ntchito zamchere feteleza. Mafuta khumi adzafunika: magalamu 20 a urea ndi potassium sulphate, 30 g wa superphosphate. Kusamalira nkhaka sikutanthauza kuthirira ndi kudyetsa. Kuwonjezera pa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa njira za agrotechnical, nkofunikanso kuti mabedi azikhala oyera komanso kuti azisunga nthaka.

Kodi kukula nkhaka m'nyengo yozizira?

Ngati mulibe nyumba yamaluwa kapena munda, mukhoza kukula nkhaka kunyumba. Koma cholinga ichi ndi mitundu yokhayo yokha yomwe simukusowa odzola mungu. Mitengo yabwino kwambiri ndi zomera za parthenocarpic. Njira yabwino ndi mtundu wosakanizidwa wa mbewu za nkhaka. Ndemanga za omwe adakula nkhaka "emerald kutuluka" kunyumba, zokhazokha. Ikhoza kubzalidwa ngakhale m'nyengo yozizira. Mikhalidwe yolekerera mthunzi imathandiza kuti mukolole nkhaka zonunkhira zokometsera kunyumba. Chomera chilichonse chimakonzedwa ndi mphamvu ya malita 5-7. Iwo ali ndi nthaka yosakaniza yosakaniza. Mbewu imafesedwa pakati pa February, choyamba m'mitsuko yaing'ono kuti mupeze mbande. Patangotha masiku makumi awiri kuchokera pamene maonekedwe amamera, nkhaka zimaikidwa muzakonzedwe zazikulu, zomwe zimayikidwa pawindo.

Chomeracho chili ndi twine. Pamene ana opeza akubwera pambuyo pa tsamba lachinayi iwo achotsedwa. Chomera chomera ichi. Chisamaliro chimakhala ndi kuthirira madzi okwanira, komanso feteleza. Kupaka zovala pamwamba kumayambira mwamsanga mutangotha kumene. Kugwiritsa ntchito fetereza nthawi zonse - kamodzi masiku asanu ndi awiri. Pa izi, feteleza zamchere zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Zokolola zazikulu!