Ndi Mesolithic ndi chiyani? Mesolithic - maziko a chitukuko cha anthu onse

Kumvetsa zimene mtundu wa nyengo pano Tikambirana mwachidule kukumbukira mbiri ya anthu.

Mu M'badwo Stone panali wosazindikira anthu, omwe analipo kale nthawi yathu ino pafupifupi 36 chikwi. Zaka. Chimakwirira nthawi imeneyi nthawi zotsatirazi: Paleolithic mochedwa (zaka 40-10 zikwi BC ...); Mesolithic nyengo - (10-5 zikwi zaka BC.); Neolithic nthawi (5-5 zikwi. BC).

Tikumbukenso kuti pamene ena mfundo za chikhalidwe anayambitsa pamaso mapangidwe a mtundu achikale. Izi ndi zoyambira za chinenero, malingaliro a chipembedzo, chida mu mawonekedwe a Mwachitsanzo, dzanja nkhwangwa.

Chitukuko cha chikhalidwe umayamba nthawi yomweyo ndi kumalizidwa kwa mapangidwe sapiens Homo, mawu otchedwa Homo sapiens.

ndi Mesolithic ndi chiyani?

Mesolithic, monga momwe tafotokozera pamwambapa, anali pakati pa Paleolithic ndi Neolithic. Chiyambi cha ofanana ake akamaliza European glacial nthawi (Geological lothandiza - ndi Holocene). Panthawi imeneyi, mwachizolowezi unakhazikitsidwa kuti panopa anthu nyengo anaonekera nyama ndi zomera.

ndi Mesolithic ndi chiyani? Kodi kusintha ambiri miyoyo ya anthu ndi khalidwe la imeneyi?

Kutulukira zida choyamba (uta ndi mivi), nyama zina kuthetsa - mesolit zikayenda lalikulu. Anthu anayamba kupanga zida mwa mwala, ndipo pofuna kuteteza malo ndi kusaka anayamba ntchito agalu. Kupulumuka kwa masiku maukonde ndi ofanana Hiramu anatumiza ndi mabwato zinthu matabwa amasonyeza chiyambi cha kukula kwa nsomba. Harpoons mu mizere limodzi kapena awiri mano spaced kusonyeza pamaso pa anthu a nthawi imeneyo luso kusaka nyama zosiyanasiyana. Cannon, monga paleolith ankaimira yaing'ono mbale kwenikweni ndi mitundu zojambula kuti ntchito ngati arrowheads kapena zida gulu.

Nthawi imeneyi, kuwonjezera kupanga zosiyanasiyana zinthu matabwa ndi nsugwi. Mwachitsanzo, mitundu yonse ya matumba, mitanga mabango ndi khungwa anapezeka. nthawi Mesolithic wofanana ndi resettlement wa anthu kutali kumpoto, pa Kuthetsa mu madera a kozizira Ocean gombe, ndi Baltic States ndi ku Scotland.

Culture ndi Art

A pasadakhale yodziwika luso la Mesolithic chizindikiro. Mamuna atoma kudzatunga. Ambiri apezeka zojambula chosonyeza osati anthu komanso nyama. Ndipo pali zojambula zina, chopatsilira ndi kayendedwe, tanthauzo la zochitika ndi maganizo athu. Otchuka pakati zojambula kutenga nkhondo zithunzi ndi nkhondo, komanso kusaka. Zikusonyeza izi momveka Mwachitsanzo, zithunzi Valltorta miyala Spain.

The Mesolithic nyimbo ndi kuvina. Iwo ankagwiritsa ntchito miyambo ndi zikondwelelo. Wangwiro ndi zovuta chifaniziro achipembedzo. Mwachitsanzo, kuchuluka mwambo wa makolo ndi chikhulupiriro mu moyo wina pambuyo. The manda mwambo kwambiri a munthu wakufa anapangidwa kwa Kutaya zinthu zofunika moyo wina pambuyo, anamanga maliro kwambiri chipindacho.

Mesolithic mawu a patsogolo chitukuko cha maubale

Patsogolo chitukuko ndi kusintha zinthu okhudzidwa: mapangidwe kulankhula, maonekedwe ndi malamulo khalidwe, malangizo ndi kudziletsa maonekedwe ndi zina zotero.

Pomwepo kupezeka ndi mawonekedwe a chiwawa kugwirizana ndi kuphwanya malamulo chikhalidwe, zimene zinachititsa kuti zosiyanasiyana chilango, kuti zachiwawa. Kudzikundikira koposa zinthu zatsopano za dziko, kukulitsa luso, kulimbikitsa apulumuke (chidziwitso cha zizolowezi za nyama, katundu osiyana zomera, mchere). Pali zatsopano woyamba ndi mankhwala a zitsamba, woyamba ntchito opaleshoni (amputation, dzino extractions, etc ..).

Gen: ogona, zovala

ndi mafuko Mesolithic ndi moyo?

Ngati moyo Paleolithic anali wosamukasamuka, mu Mesolithic intensively anayamba malo okhala, kuti pali otchedwa amangokhala.

nthawi iyi wapanga kutembenuka ndi moyo anthu a nthawi imeneyo. Amakhalamo ntchito osati opepuka zomangamanga (kuya, chowulungika), komanso plumbs thanthwe ndi mapanga.

Pamene palibe umboni wa kukhalapo mu kuluka Mesolithic. Zovala Mesolithic mafuko European amasiyanasiyana malinga ndi nyengo ndi malo okhalamo anthu.

Pali zizindikiro kakang'ono kamene zida anali kuigwiritsa ntchito pa zankhondo.

Choncho, Mesolithic ndi chiyani?

anthu amakono ayenera kukumbukira kuti anthu akale chikhalidwe cha maziko kwambiri anaikidwa pa chitukuko zina anthu onse. Ndipo, m'pofunika kuti anthu Tisaiwale amene ngongole chakuti iwo ndi tsopano.