Zaka mwala

Mu nthawi yake wakale wa chitukuko, womwe unatenga zikwi mazana, munthu wakumana masiteji atatu. Choyamba chinali zaka mwala. Pambuyo pake, anthu analowa mu zamkuwa, ndiyeno mu m'badwo chitsulo. Gawo loyamba linali gawo yaitali. Kwa anthu ake kubala zida zosiyanasiyana ndiponso zipangizo zimene anali fupa makombo a nyama ndi kum'mamatira mapeto lakuthwa. Koma kunapezeka kuti kwambiri cholimba mwala. Nkhanizi wapweteka zipangizo wa makolo athu. Pachifukwa ichi, nthawi imeneyi imatchedwa "mwala zaka."

Nyengo yaitali mu chitukuko cha anthu amasiyana mu magawo atatu zinthu zakale. Choyamba ndi Old Stone Age (paleolith). The chachiwiri - ndi Mesolithic. Limatchedwanso Middle Stone Age. Mbali yachitatu - ndi Neolithic. Asayansi amanena kuti latsopano Age Stone.

Stone Age Paleolithic nyengo unakhalapo kuyambira chiyambi cha kubadwa kwa alimi anthu kwa chakhumi Zakachikwi BC. Ndi kopanda, asayansi amuna poyamba anaonekera mu kotentha la Africa ndi Asia South. Iwo anatuluka kufala awo kuti mbali zina za dziko. Panthawi imeneyi, munthuyo anali mbali ya dziko. Iye anakhala m'mapanga, kupanga mafuko, anasonkhanitsa zomera edible ndi ankasakidwa nyama zina zing'onozing'ono. Zida nsomba, zopangidwa thanthwe molimba (obsidana, quartzite ndi pakachitsulo) simuli pansi akupera ndi kukumba. Mu nthawi mochedwa Paleolithic anayamba nsomba. Munthu waphunzira kubowola fupa, amene anali woyamba kupereka chosema.

Pa nthawi yomweyo pali vuto zida kusaka, kumanga nyumba wabadwa ndipo akuyamba pakhale njira zatsopano kunyumba. Okalamba a dongosolo la fuko ndi chofunika mu mpanda wa dera achikale. matabwa ake ndi zovuta. Munthu amayamba kukhala kulankhula ndi maganizo amene amalimbikitsa kukula kwa M'maso wake ozindikira ndiponso kupangitsa dziko lauzimu. Izo zinali mu mochedwa Paleolithic anatuluka ndipo anayamba luso wa Age Stone. Munthu waphunzira ntchito zachilengedwe inki mchere kuti ndi mitundu yowala. Iye katswiri njira zatsopano zimene zingathe kusamalira mwala zofewa ndi fupa. Njirazi zapereka kuthekera posamutsa iwo kunja dziko mu kusema ndi zosemasema. Paleolithic luso losiyana modziwika zoona kufala zenizeni ndi kukhulupirika kwa chilengedwe.

Middle Stone Age kapena Mesolithic, anayamba kuchokera chakhumi ndipo idatha chimodzi Zakachikwi BC. Izi siteji ya chitukuko anthu amakhala ndi mapeto a Ice Age. Dziko lonse wakhala ofanana ndi a masiku ano. Mwamuna ndi moyo wake lasintha kwambiri. Mafuko linagawanika. Iwo m'malo ndi m'madera onsewo, moderated ndi Akhristu achikulire ndipo wakhala zaka zambiri. munthu anayamba kumamanga nyumba zawo pogwiritsa ntchito mitengo ndi miyala chuma, atachoka kuphanga. An tanthauzo akutulukira kukongola umaonekera ulemerero wapachiyambi, amene anali yokha golide.

kusintha Big zinalengedwa ndi kupanga mwala zipangizo njira. Panali mipeni lakuthwa ndi mivi yakuthwa ndipo mikondo. Nthawi Mesolithic anaonekera zoyambira za ntchito zamanja, nyama husbandry ndi ulimi. Iwo lasintha, ndi luso losiyanasiyana. Images ntchito m'madera poyera a miyala, zitsulo kuimira zithunzi zosiyanasiyana za kusaka kapena mwambo. munthu amene ali ndi zojambula za Mesolithic malo chapakati, ndi chosavuta, nthawi zina ngakhale mu maonekedwe a chizindikiro. Kujambula chithunzichi wakuda ndi wofiira.

Wachitatu lotsiriza la Age Stone - Neolithic umayambira wa chisanu ndi wachitatu Zakachikwi BC. Munthu waphunzira kupukuta ndi sanding zida opangidwa ndi nsalu mwala, kuchita ulimi ndi nyama husbandry. Panali mbiya. Kuchokera ku dothi kuti ziwiya zosiyanasiyana ndi ziwiya za kukhitchini. Kukula ndi kuphatikiza la kubereka ana angapo anali chofunika zikamera wa mafuko.