Concept ndi mitundu kumangigwa

Ubwenzi - ndi chitetezero chikalata, amene, pamodzi ndi mawu promissory ndi ngongole chida. Bondholder pa cashing iye amafuna kwa nkhope ubwino wa masheya ndi chidwi amalipidwa nthawi zina za nthawi. Ndi Mbali imeneyi ya m'ndende; malipiro prolixity nthawi, ndipo penapake ovuta amanena mtengo wa ogwirizana.

Monga ulamuliro, chikondi issuers kutulutsa mtundu uwu chitetezo ntchito likulu chifukwa ngongole likulu. Ndi opaleshoni wogula ndi nsinga wokongoza n'chimodzimodzi ndi wogula amatenga mavuto a zachuma amene amagwiritsidwa n'komwe pamene potaya. Kutchuka kwa mtundu uwu wa ngongole ndi losavuta: kupatula m'ndende kugwirizana ndi chiopsezo poyerekeza ndalama ankapitabe likulu (pakuika m'matangadza), kotero kuti Investor mosavuta kuwerengera ndalama tsogolo lanu ndi kuwerengera chidwi pa chitetezo. Chiopsezo kusakhulupirika, ngakhale kochepa, nthawi zonse, ndi lolondola kusanthula kudalirika kwa issuer ake ndiyo n'komwe pamene mumayesto kumangigwa. njira zomangira kuwunika ndi mofanana sheya zina monga ngongole kapena zikalata gawo (njira ndalama ndi njira poyerekeza).

Choyamba, sasamala utuluke ndi ndalama kutenga nkhani sanali simultaneity ya malipiro coupon ndi ndalama analandira akuwonjezeka pamodzi okwana coupon chidwi, kuponyedwa pa mfundo zenizeni mu nthawi. chiwerengerochi anawonjezera kuti kufunika ubwenzi Kuchotsera pa nthawi, mwachitsanzo kuponyedwa kwa mphindi panopa.

Kuwonjezeka issuers ndi ogula chomangira kuthandiza m'njira pa msika chuma chonsecho, chifukwa amalenga zina magwero a ndalama ngongole, kuwonjezera pa ngongole. Koma, nthawi yomweyo, kukula kwa chiwerengero cha issuers ndi wotuluka kukongoza banki wotetezedwa mwa sheya kwambiri madzi akhoza kutayika ya ku likulu ndalama.

Ngati kuulula nkhani mfundo ndi mitundu kumangidwa, komanso amafuna tinafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane zomangira akufuna mu options ndalama msika. Chifukwa pali zambiri ndithu kumangidwa osiyana, iwo ali m'magulu pa malo angapo.

Malinga amene akupereka sheya izi, pali mitundu zotsatirazi kumangidwa: boma, boma, makampani, yachilendo. Nthawi yomasuka kusiyanitsa mitundu kumangidwa, monga kumangidwa ndi tsiku yake kukhwima ndi wopanda amodzi yaitali. Zoyambazo, nayenso akhoza kukhala short-, medium- ndi yaitali. Gulu lachiwiri ndi zambiri osiyanasiyana: lopitirira, mgwirizano callable (iwo akhoza kudzipatula lisanathe akuti), mgwirizano ndi kukhwima lamanja, anawonjezera ndipo anachedwa. Kusiyana pakati pa achibale ndi kuchedwa ndi woyamba imafika tsiku lomalizira kwa chiphaso cha mtengo mwadzina ndi pa nthawi yomweyo kulandira chidwi pa anachedwa sitingapeze kusuntha kapena kuimitsa kaye tsiku la malipiro.

Mitundu kumangidwa kwa dongosolo cholowa: mayina kapena chotengera. Mokhudzana ndi nkhani chomangira iwo anawagawa anthu kuti kutumikira refinance ngongole issuer ndi anthu amene ntchito ya ndalama za ntchito zina ndalama. Pakuti malawi zikutanthauza: mwaulere ndi mokakamiza anayikidwa. Mwa njira alipire phindu ndime: malipiro imodzi pa kukhwima wa Kugawilidwa kwanthaka nthawi, alipire zogwirizana.

Mitundu ya m'ndende chikhalidwe cha mankhwala: sanali mpandadenga ndi mpandadenga. Kuonetsetsa: wotetezedwa ndi unsecured ndalama. Kulipira coupon zokolola nsinga kungakhale atathana-mlingo, akuyandama mlingo coupon ndi uniformly kuwonjezeka mlingo coupon, ndi kochepa / ziro coupon, kulipira-chisankho, potsiriza, mgwirizano wosanganiza mtundu.