Zoletsa kuwuma kwa dongosolo Kutentha kwa dziko nyumba: Chabwino n'chiti, ubwino ndi kuipa

Mu udindo wa coolant mu dongosolo la Kutentha m'nyumba, monga ulamuliro, ntchito madzi, koma zolinga izi ntchito ndi zoletsa kuwuma. Asanayambe kutsatira njira imeneyi, tiyenera kufunsa chifukwa chake n'kofunika kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, nanga kusankha kwa dongosolo magetsi.

Ubwino wa ntchito zoletsa kuwuma

Monga coolant chilengedwe kwa Kutentha kwa nthawi yaitali ntchito madzi okha. Ichi ndi chifukwa tingachidziwe physico-mankhwala, kuphatikizapo mphamvu yeniyeni, yomwe ndi 4,169 KJ / kg. Komabe, pali zifukwa zingapo zimene angathe kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito madzi mu coolant ntchito konsekonse. Pakati pawo tingachite bwino kunena za mfundo yoti kutentha kusintha kwa zinthu ku madzi boma olimba 0 digiri. Mwa zina, ndi yozizira koopsa mfundo ya m'buku madzi chinawonjezeka ndi anthu pafupifupi 10%, izo ndithudi chimakhala chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa maukonde, lomwe linali pamaso pa madzi kuzizira. Ichi ndi chifukwa chake mosavuta zinthu pamwambapa anafotokoza ntchito zoletsa kuwuma kwa dongosolo Kutentha kwa dziko nyumba lomwe lili ndi katundu kusintha.

Kugwiritsa ndi mulingo woyenera ntchito akhoza linaperekedwa kuti thunthu pamwamba ntchito kachitidwe mpweya magetsi. Pankhaniyi si funso zakumwa monga ethyl mowa, mafuta thiransifoma kapena zoletsa kuwuma magalimoto. Kusankha zoletsa kuwuma, nkofunika kukumbukira kuti ayenera chitetezo mawu a poyatsira zotheka ndi combustibility. Mwa zina, pali zofooka, zimene zalembedwa zoikika malo. Zoletsa kuwuma ayenera samva pamwamba zitsulo pambuyo mogwirizana ndi izo.

Zosiyanasiyana zoletsa kuwuma kachitidwe Kutentha

Ngati mukufuna zoletsa kuwuma kwa dongosolo Kutentha kwa dziko nyumba, ndiye muyenera kudziwa za katundu mankhwala thunthu. Izo analengedwa pa maziko njira amadzimadzi propylene glycol ndi ethylene glycol. The mankhwala mu mawonekedwe woyera ndi mwamakani zokwanira kupiphatisa magetsi. Koma pali zina zapadera lakonzedwa kuteteza ndi maonekedwe a thovu, dzimbiri, lonse, komanso kuwonongeka kwa mavavu ndi zinthu payekha mu maukonde.

zina izi zikhoza kusintha matenthedwe bata, omwe amaperekedwa mu osiyanasiyana kutentha kwa madigiri -70 kuti +110. Tikumbukenso kuti kusapezeka kwa kudzitsitsa matenthedwe anati ngakhale pa kutentha osiyanasiyana madigiri +165 kuti +175. Kodi kusankhidwa zoletsa kuwuma ngati dongosolo Kutentha kwa dziko nyumba, motero samva ku mapulasitiki, labala ndi elastomers.

Pamene kusankha ethylene glycol zoletsa kuwuma

Zoletsa kuwuma, opanga amene ali Russia, lakonzedwa kuti ntchito mu kachitidwe magetsi. Zinthu zimenezi bwino akuimira mu msika wa katundu masiku ano zochokera ethylene glycol. Ngati ndi kotheka, mukhoza kusankha wekha chimodzi mwa mitundu ya. Choncho, chinthu mwina amaundana pa madigiri -30 kapena -65. Kudzaza ndi dongosolo zoletsa kuwuma, muyenera poyamba akonze njira. Kuti tichite zimenezi, kuchepetsa thunthu ndi madzi. Ngati mukufuna kupulumutsa, muyenera kusankha ndendende ethylene zikuchokera, kuyambira kumasiyana mtengo pang'ono.

Chotero zoletsa kuwuma kwa dongosolo Kutentha kwa dziko nyumba ali drawback kwambiri, amene afotokozedwa mu kawopsedwe. Zofunika choipa zingachititse pamene Mpweya utsi kapena khungu kukhudzana. Nkofunika kukumbukira kuti mlingo woopsa wa thunthu kwa anthu ofanana buku lofanana 250 ml. drawback izi zimasokoneza ntchito zoletsa kuwuma zochokera ethylene glycol mu ziwiri dera Intaneti magetsi. Iwo akhoza kulowa coolant dera madzi mkangano. Pachifukwa ichi, ntchito zinthu zimenezi malire dongosolo limodzi-dera. Chifukwa chitetezo cha kutentha kutengerapo sing'anga ali akuda mu ofiira omwe mosavuta kudziwa kuchucha wake.

Pamene kusankha propylene glycol zoletsa kuwuma

Poganizira zoletsa kuwuma zopangidwa osiyana, mukhoza kulabadira yonse ya propylene glycol. Iwo anaonekera kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma otsiriza ndipo mwamsanga anayamba kufala chifukwa chosiyana sanali poizoni. Ngati mwayi, mukhoza kusankha harmlessness wathunthu. khalidwe lofunika kwambiri kachitidwe wapawiri. Today coolants deta angapezeke mu msika zoweta, ndi malangizo amalola kukhala pa kutentha kwa madigiri -35.

Pakuti chizindikiritso cha ngati odana ndi amaundana, amene anapanga propylene glycol, kujambula iwo wobiriwira. Kuyang'ana kugulitsa zoletsa kuwuma ku mitundu yosiyanasiyana, mukhoza kulabadira tafotokoza pamwambapa. Monga ntchito zina olekanitsidwa ndi kuti ngakhale propylene glycol zochita ovomerezeka zowonjezera chakudya. Iwo Tingaone mankhwala Confectionery ngati nthumwi zomwe zimalimbikitsa posungira chinyezi, pokonza wothandizila ndi kupezeka.

Pamene kusankha triethylene glycol zoletsa kuwuma

Ngati inu mungakweze funso la chimene kutsanulira zoletsa kuwuma, ngati kutentha opaleshoni ukufika madigiri 180, mungathe kugwiritsa ntchito chuma pa maziko a TEG. Iwo yodziwika ndi mpweya wambiri wa bata matenthedwe.

Koma coolants izi sitinganene kuti mankhwala anafuna kuti ntchito ambiri. Nthawi zambiri, zinthu zimenezi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu kachitidwe apadera radiators zoletsa kuwuma anaikira chimamangidwa kutentha.

Ayamikira za kusankha coolant

Ngati mukufuna kusankha bwino odana ndi amaundana, ndi bwino kukambirana nkhani zokambidwa nkhaniyi. Akuyendera ndi mankhwala pumpable dongosolo Kutentha, ndikofunika kuphunzira katundu matenthedwe njira, zomwe ndi zochokera ethylene glycol. The Gawo la nyimbo zimenezi ndizo ethylene glycol ndi madzi, limene thunthu uli mkati 95%.

Deta otsala zinthu zakumwa - ndi zosiyanasiyana zina. Ngati mukufuna kukatenga zoletsa kuwuma kuti adzakhala ndi zina katundu thupi ndi mankhwala, m'pofunika kuyang'ana chiŵerengero cha madzi ndi ethylene glycol. magawo awiri awa akhoza kudziwa kukhuthala, otentha mfundo, mpaka madzi kuundana, matenthedwe madutsidwe, kutentha yeniyeni ndi kukula voliyumu.

Ubwino wa ntchito zoletsa kuwuma ndi zina

Munthu katundu wa mtundu winawake wa odana ndi amaundana phukusi zowonjezera Mzimuyo. Zikuluzikulu awa adzakhala makhalidwe ofunika otsatirawa: mtengo, odana ndi cavitation, mawu a ofesi, ndipo anticorrosion. Cholinga chachikulu ntchito zoletsa kuwuma zowonjezera amachita chitetezo zitsulo ku njira zikuwononga. Kafukufuku akusonyeza kuti zowonjezera angathe kuchepetsa dzimbiri wa kali mkati mwa nthawi mpaka 100. Dzimbiri wosanjikiza amene anapanga pa makoma lamkati la radiators ndi mapaipi, ali osauka kwambiri matenthedwe madutsidwe, ndi nthawi 50 zosakwana amene amapereka zitsulo. Choncho, dzimbiri amachita monga kutentha insulator.

Chifukwa formations amene kung'ung'udza tapered lumen lamkati la chubu. Pachifukwa ichi, ikuyenda kukana ukuwonjezeka, ndi liwiro kayendedwe ka coolant mu dongosolo payipi amachepetsa. Zimenezi zingachititse kuti ponso ndalama mphamvu. Chifukwa dzimbiri tinthu coolant akhoza kukhala chifukwa depressurization kubala circulators. Iwo kuononga kutentha exchanger ngalande ndi mfundo za boilers. Choncho, wosuta polimbana ndi kuwonongeka kwa zinthu kachitidwe magetsi.

The ntchito zina kuteteza zitsulo ndi Kutentha dongosolo zisaonongeke dzimbiri, potero kukula moyo wa zinthu deta kwa zaka 15. Ngati ntchito zoletsa kuwuma njira yochokera ethylene glycol, propylene glycol kapena popanda zina, izi zingachititse zomvetsa waukulu mawu chuma, makamaka ngati poyerekeza ndi mtengo wa phukusi zina.

Kuipa ntchito zoletsa kuwuma

Ngati mwaganiza kudzaza dongosolo Kutentha, n'kofunika kuganizira mfundo yakuti tifunika kukhalabe analimbikitsa kutentha osiyanasiyana pamene ntchito coolant anafotokoza. Osayang'ana maziko odana ndi amaundana sikuti amadwala kutenthedwa. Kuwira zikhoza chiwonongeko cha dongosolo la. Avereji kuwira mfundo za thunthu ndi mu osiyanasiyana kuchokera madigiri 106 mpaka 116. Chizindikiritsocho makamaka kudzadalira mmene zikuchokera wasukuluka ndi madzi nthawi kukonzekera koyamba ntchito.

Inu muyenera kukumbukira kuti kutenthedwa amphamvu zoletsa kuwuma kungadzatipezetse akuwaza cha zina odana ndi dzimbiri. Kenako, monga ulamuliro, ndi linakwiriridwa ndi wiritsani wolemera glycols zomwe ndi mankhwala acidic. Pa pamalo lamkati la zinthu Kutentha akuyamba mtsukowo mwaye, amene zoipa amakhudza kugwira bwino ntchito unit lonse. Zoletsa kuwuma, amene ndemanga si nthawi zonse zabwino zokha, angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuteteza vuto. Kuti tichite zimenezi ayenera kuonetsetsa kuzikonzanso kufalitsidwa, amene kumatha kuthekera coolant kutenthedwa.

Komanso tikhoza kupereka Kuphunzira lathunthu la zoletsa kuwuma heaters kuti kuteteza kutenthedwa. Chofunika, ndi nyimbo makamaka ntchito zimene imakhudzana ndi apansi kutentha mphamvu, matenthedwe madutsidwe, ndi kukhuthala chinanso ayenera n'komwe ndi kusankha zipatso makope mpope ndi radiators.

kuipa zina

zoletsa kuwuma mosavuta ndimapeza kuchucha zing'onozing'ono ndi ming'alu, motero adzakhala ikudontha. Chifukwa chakuti mu njira sing'anga kuti pathupi zisindikizo ndi gaskets Mwamsanga m'madera awa kudzakhala anapanga milozo. Chifukwa pano ndi ang'onoang'ono mavuto padziko. Ngati mukufuna kuthetsa vuto, muyenera kumangitsa kugwirizana. N'zotheka kuti zimenezi ziyenera mobwerezabwereza kangapo. Komabe, njira yokha kudzakhala kotheka kusintha dongosolo kusindikiza.

Zimenezi n'zofunika kwambiri powerenga moti ethylene glycol akhoza oxidized ndi kukhudzana ndi mpweya. Ndi kukula sing'anga kutentha makutidwe ndi okosijeni ndondomeko ndi inapita patsogolo nthawi 2 okha pa khumi lonse kutentha. Pamenepo tingathe kuyembekezera zinthu bwino tafotokozazi. mankhwala makutidwe ndi okosijeni azipereka kwa kuwononga zina, womwe adzakhala imathandizira pa ndondomeko dzimbiri. Ndicho chifukwa chake ndi chofunika kuonetsetsa kukhulupirika zonse za dongosolo, kuphatikizapo akasinja kukula.

Posankha odana ndi amaundana wopanga

Ngati mukuganiza zolowa zoletsa kuwuma opanga muyenera kukhala ndi chidwi. ogula Russian kuti nthawi zambiri amasankha mankhwala kupanga m'banja, popeza ali ndi mtengo wotsika kwambiri. Mwa makampani ambiri katundu tingaone "ofunda House", "Spektroplast", Hot Magazi, komanso Dixis.

Koma kuchokera toyesa kunja wogula zambiri anakana chifukwa mtengo chidwi. Nthawi zambiri chifukwa cha zoletsa kuwuma ndi ethylene glycol, makhalidwe amene anali kuperekedwa pamwamba. thunthu ziyenera kuchepetsedwa ndi madzi kufunika kutentha yozizira koopsa. Nkofunika musangoganizira kukwera mtengo kwa mankhwala, komanso drawback ake lalikulu, amene afotokozedwa mu kawopsedwe.

Ayamikira ntchito

Ngati mukufuna funso monga kuchepetsa ndi zoletsa kuwuma ndi kuganizira madigiri -65 izo zidzakhala zofunikira kusakaniza 60% coolant ndi 40% madzi. Izi kutenga kuzizira kutentha kwa madigiri 25. Alionse m'dzikoli pali kusintha kwa 54% zoletsa kuwuma ndi 46% madzi kupeza kutentha yozizira koopsa mu osiyanasiyana -20 digiri.

Pofuna kudziwa zoletsa kuwuma zingati mu dongosolo, muyenera kuwonjezera 90% ya nkhaniyo 10% madzi, adzapereka yozizira koopsa kufika madigiri -25, zimene zili zoona kwa madigiri zoletsa kuwuma maganizo -30. Ntchito maganizo omwewo, komatu kuti tilandire kutentha yozizira koopsa mu osiyanasiyana madigiri -20 ayenera kusakaniza 20% madzi ndi 80% coolant.

Price zoletsa kuwuma

ogula ambiri nthawi zambiri anafunsa funso, zoletsa kuwuma zingati. Chinthu choyamba kukumbukira kuti buku la chidebe angakhale osiyana. Choncho, zoletsa kuwuma kalasi PRIMOCLIMA ANTIFROST, ozikidwa pa glycerin, ndalama 690 rubles makilogalamu 10. Thunthu la Mlengi yemweyo, koma pamaziko a ethylene glycol, ndi mudzazilipira 1,400 rubles pa makilogalamu 20.

Pomaliza

Kamodzi inu mukudziwa zoletsa kuwuma mochuluka bwanji, inu mukhoza kupita ku sitolo kuonetsetsa kuti kugula coolant, amene angasamaledi za inu kwa nthawi yaitali. Pamfundoyi, poyamba komanso kumwedwa mu posankha chinthu, monga yemwe sali wokwanira kupulumutsa pa nkhani imeneyi. Ichi ndi chifukwa zifukwa zambiri. Choyamba, zikuchokera akhale otetezeka, izo kwambiri zokulitsa moyo wa aliyense mchitidwe dongosolo magetsi.