Epiphany Cathedral, mbiri Kazan, photos, maola ndi ndandanda ya ntchito, adiresi ndi nambala. Belu nsanja ya Cathedral wa Epiphany, Kazan

Ancient Kazan, Russia taivshaya ndi mantha kuti nthawi ya Chitata nkhondo, ndipo kwa zaka zambiri wakhala chizindikiro cha anthu Orthodox ukapolo, pambuyo pa ndawala wopambana Ivana Groznogo mu 1552 linakhala mbali ya dziko la Russia. Kuyambira pamenepo, misewu sanali kokha masitolo ritelo mu Moscow ndi amalonda Novgorod, komanso mipingo Orthodox, zidzasintha kulira kwa mabelu likulu lawo anagonjetsa Khanate.

Matabwa mpingo mu Prolomnaya chipata

Lero, mmodzi wa wotchuka tiakachisi Orthodox dziko Volga ili apa Epiphany Cathedral (Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan). Akukhulupirira kuti mwambo Orthodox anayamba kutenga mawonekedwe mu theka lachiwiri la m'zaka XVI, koma mpingo woyamba wa matabwa anawonekera kuno patapita zaka. Iwo anamangidwira pa malo kumene kunali otchedwa Prolomnye chipata.

Dzina limeneli iwo ngongole chakuti pa kuukira kugwiridwa ndi asilikali a Ivan m'khutu mu 1552, apa ndi pamene kuphulika kwa mtengo ufa unakhazikitsidwa anakagumula mpanda wa mzindawo kudzera amene oponya mivi kuti anazinga Kazan, ali mkati. Kenako malo awa inamangidwa chipata, mwalamulo kudziwika Nagayskimi, koma anthu anawaitana mu njira yake - Prolomnaya. Dzina chomwecho anapatsidwa ndi msewu kuti unalembedwa pano kuyambira lero amatchedwa Bauman.

Ntchito yomanga zovuta kachisi - kunyada kwa m'tauni ya

Mu zoyambirira za m'ma XVIII, pamene panalibe yaitali mpanda kapena chipata, mpingo matabwa anamanga mu malo awo, ndi odzipereka polemekeza Epiphany, komabe lotchedwa "mpingo mu Prolomnaya chipata." Izi chinakhalapo mpaka 1731, pamene dilapidated ndi nthawi (malinga ndi zina kuwotchedwa) Mpingo matabwa anali anagwetsa ndi malo ake ayamba kumanga latsopano mwala tchalitchi. tchalitchi anamangidwira pa zopereka za anthu opembedza amalonda awiri Kazan - Mikhlyaev I. ndi S. Chernoff.

Yomanga kachisi inatenga ndendende kotala zaka ndipo linamalizidwa mu 1756. The nyumba yatsopano mosamala wosanganiza ndi ogundizana mpanda wake wakumpoto wa mpingo Andreya Pervozvannogo, anamanga mu 1701. Pokhala mkangano, icho chinali kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa kulambira yozizira. Kuyambira cha m'ma XVIII, lamavutoli mapulani unakhazikitsidwa, zimene zinaphatikizapo, kuwonjezera kumanga Epiphany Cathedral ndi Mpingo St. Andrew, ndi ziwiri tiered belu nsanja, adali ndi canopied, naima pa kumadzulo kwa nyumba ansembe. Bungweli a zaka zimenezo, ndipo nyumba ina, osati zomwe zilipo, pafupi pa malo pano chipilala Chaliapin.

Iwo amadziwa kuti nthawi chisanadze chosintha Epiphany Cathedral (Kazan) wakhala umodzi wa ambiri anafika mu mzinda. mpingo wake anali oimira magulu onse chikhalidwe. Pa Kulambira pansi arches ake zooneka ndiponso olemekezeka a m'dera ndi amalonda bwino amene amaimirira chotsatirapo cha posachedwapa anayambitsa Russian bizinesi, ndipo anthu wamba, nthawi zonse anapanga maziko a dziko. Mu 1873 apo anabatizidwa nyale tsogolo la Russian ndi dziko siteji Fodora Ivanovicha Shalyapina. Atakula, iye anayamba ntchito yake nyimbo monga chorister mu tchalitchi kwayala.

Mu zaka pamaso zitasintha, mwa ansembe a tchalitchi anali mafanizo ambiri a Russian sayansi ndi chikhalidwe, asiya kuti amaonekera pa mbiriyakale ya dziko. Pakati EA iwo amadziwika Malov - yotamandika kwambiri Russian ethnographer ndi zilankhulo, wolemba ntchito ziwiri buku pa kukhazikitsidwa kwa Christianity mu Kazan, amene anakhala mmodzi wa initiators cha buku la Qur'an ndi kumasulira kufanana Russian. Iwo ankagwira ntchito ndi wazamulungu otchuka, Archpriest Mikhail (Zefirov), amene anatchuka monga mmodzi wa aphunzitsi otchuka wa Kazan Imperial University, ndi ena ambiri.

Testament achipembedzo banki

Mu nthawi apitawo, ndipo lero kukopa adalemekeza Epiphany Cathedral (Kazan), ndi belu wotchuka nsanja. Mbiri ya chilengedwe chake lili miyala mapepala akale. Amadziwika kuti 1892, anafa mmodzi wa olemera ndi wotchuka kwambiri okhala Kazan, nzika ake aulemu, woyamba munalidi gulu wamalonda Ivan Semenovich Krivonosov. Monga kazembe mkulu wa banki mzinda onse, ndi moyo wake anapeza ndalama zochuluka ndithu mu chifuniro chake ananena kuti wasiya rubles sate-faifi zikwi zopereka Epiphany Cathedral, chimene chinali kwa zaka zambiri Pilato. Chikalatacho ananena kuti ndalamazo (yaikulu pa nthawi) ayenera ntchito pa ntchito yomanga ku tchalitchi belu nsanja.

chiyambi chabwino mu Russia wakhala analibe, analibe ndalama zina kokha awo kukhazikitsa. Koma kuyambira mu nkhani iyi nkhani ndalama linathera pomwepo analengeza mpikisano kupanga tsogolo belu nsanja. Nyuzipepala ya kumaloko "Volzhsky boma yotchedwa Gazette" zoperekedwa kwa anthu onse amene akufuna kuchita nawo izo, kuti kwa Commission adzatengedwa ntchito ikuchitika kalembedwe wakale Russian, ndipo mwachindunji osachepera anapatsidwa belu nsanja kutalika - 32 fathoms (za 69 meters).

akamuuze wamanga

Monga mmene zingamvekere kupusa, koma dzina la wamanga amene anapambana mpikisano ndipo anakhala wachilembo cha mwaluso anazindikira a zomangamanga mpingo, anamanga zaka zana zapitazo, akadali osadziwika. Popeza kuti zojambula chotaika cha belu nsanja, imene dzina lake mwasankha. Akukhulupirira kuti opambana nthawi zambiri ndi mapulani awiri - Genrih kuthamangira ndi Mikhail Mikhailov. Othandiza mfundo zimenezi lingaliro, okwanira mfundo zogwira mtima.

Amadziwika Mwachitsanzo, kuti Bambo Rusch anapambana 150 rubles monga wopambana, koma bwana anali Mikhailov, mosiyana ndi miyambo - amene anapambana wina ndipo amanga. Komanso Kazan yachokera muli zolemba za litigation pakati pa mapulani, sanatsutse analembedwa cha polojekiti. Koma mulimonse, ntchito kuwina anali woyenera kulemekezedwa ndi anzake ndipo waperekedwa ngati mmodzi wa zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho unachitikira mu 1896 mu Nizhny Novgorod, Russia mafakitale ndi luso chionetsero.

Ntchito yomanga wotchuka belu nsanja

Ilo linapangidwa mu November 1893 pa mwambo kuika tsogolo belu nsanja ya chaka, koma pambuyo dzenje anakumba pansi ntchito maziko chifukwa chosadziwika adaimira anayambiranso patapita zaka ziwiri. Kumangidwa kwa malo wapadera anatenga nthawi zochepa. Mu 1897 iye kuchotsedwa scaffolds otsiriza ndi belu nsanja ya Cathedral wa Epiphany (Kazan) anaonekera pamaso mumzindawo mu ulemerero wake onse.

Kutsiriza pomanga belu nsanja panauka a mabelu pa iye - woyamba wakale, akwaniritse chimene chimalemera mapaundi 217 (3472 kg), kenako latsopano, makamaka kuumbidwa imeneyi Moscow ndi kwa Kazan sitima. kulemera kwake kunali 526 mapaundi (8416 kg). Ndiye pamwamba pa belo nsanja anapereka mapazi asanu ndi mtanda amapangidwa ndi zitsulo wokutidwa ndi gilding.

Zilipo nyuzipepala ya nthawi amadziwika kuti pomanga belu nsanja wapita njerwa miliyoni, mtengo okwana ntchito kuposa kuchuluka anapatsa wamalonda NDI Krivonosov, wolemera zikwi makumi asanu, zikwi khumi amene anapita kumanga maziko. Komanso anauzidwa kuti ndalama kusowa kwa pomanga Kazan m'dera anapereka.

Chiyambi cha m'ma latsopano

Modabwitsa, belu nsanja ya Cathedral wa Epiphany (Kazan), ndi palokha mapulani mtengo ndi kukhala mmodzi wa yaitali Orthodox belu nsanja, wakhala wotchuka kwambiri kuposa Temple, chomwe inamangidwa. M'nyumba, ndi mu gawo lachiwiri, kachisi anamanga okumbukira wamalonda Krivonosov. Inapatulidwa mu May 1904.

Nyuzipepala «Volzhsky Bulletin", omwe anatchulidwa mu nkhani Pofotokoza nkhani, umene unachitika mu June 1901. Pa tsiku limenelo, mphepo yamkuntho yoopsa inayamba, ndipo wachiphaliwali anagwa mwachindunji mu belu nsanja, kupanga izo mu mpanda wa kulephera yaikulu. Pomwepo maganizo wachitatu gawo denga ndi mitanda pansi belu chachikulu. Ngati pambuyo wamphamvu kuphulika, njerwa, miyala ndi zinyalala unadzaza pansi ndi masitepe a gawo lachiwiri, zinali zosiyanasiyana kuponyedwa msewu. chifukwa cha kothandiza ndiponso woganizira zochita za mboni amene molimba mtima anathamangira kuzimitsa moto yekha, lonse Epiphany Cathedral (Kazan) anali si ataphimbidwa ndi moto.

zaka prerevolutionary

Mu 1909 anaganiza dismantle wakale chifukwa cha dilapidation, kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma ziwiri tiered belfry. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, latsopano belu nsanja ya Cathedral wa Epiphany (Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan) anakhalabe mmodzi yekha mu mzinda, ndipo msonkhano yekha kuimba mabelo awo chipembedzowo ambiri.

yomanga winanso wa Cathedral zovuta unasokonezedwa ndi zochitika za 1917. Koma mfundo imeneyi, amaphatikiza kwambiri a nyumba. Ndi pamwamba pa zonse yekha Epiphany Cathedral (Kazan), komanso ofunda mpingo mu dzina Andreya Pervozvannogo ndi kachisi wamng'ono, anakonza pansi lachiwiri la belu nsanja, imene yakhala chipilala kuti woperekayo, linamangidwa pa amene ndalama. Pamene, pambuyo Bolsheviks anabwera mphamvu, kutsekedwa Unyinji wa mipingo, Epiphany Cathedral anapitiriza ntchito. Mu nthawi kuchokera 1920 mpaka 1935 iye anali tchalitchi cha mzindawo, amene anapanga utumiki payekha Kazan Metropolitan.

Temple, wakumvera nyumba yosungiramo katundu

Mu mmasate, ndi Epiphany Cathedral (Kazan), mbiri ya zomwe ndi zofanana kwambiri ndi tsoka la ambiri a mipingo Russian, chinatsekedwa. Mpingo pafupi St. Andrew anali anagwetsa ndi mu malo ake, ngati iye ankafuna kukhumudwitsana zopweteka kwambiri kwa okhulupirira anamanga menagerie mumzinda zinyama. Kenako, m'malo mwake anakhala ndi Mipikisano storey nyumba zogona.

Nyumba zomwezo za tchalitchi mpaka makumi asanu ndi ntchito ngati nyumba yosungiramo katundu, ndipo mu belfry ndi kuyikidwa masitolo ritelo ndi zokambirana. Ndiye, masewero olimbitsa unayikidwa mu izo, kuchokera padenga anali anagwetsa kamodzi aposa ndi mutu mtanda mkati pulasitala zokongoletsa zonse, uli wamtengo wapatali luso.

Chiyambi cha chitsitsimutso cha kachisi wa

Only mu zaka zao za sikisite monga zotsatira za ntchito nthawi ya akuluakulu a m'tauni anzeru ndi owonetsera zakale akatswiri belu nsanja walandira udindo wa chipilala mapulani kutetezedwa, ndipo kwa nthawi yoyamba wakhala pang'ono zaka. Iye anabwerera ku mawonekedwe kuti nthawi zonse wakhala amanyadira Kazan.

Epiphany Cathedral, chithunzi cha zimene zili m'nkhani, anali anabwerera ku mpingo mu 1997. Zimene zinachitikazi chifukwa cha kusintha kwakukulu mfundo za boma kwa chipembedzo, chimene chiri olandiridwa kumverera. Koma belu nsanja akanali udindo wa unduna wa Culture. Iwo ali zisudzo luso ndi kufalitsidwa kulongosola m'nyumbayi luso wakale, ndipo mu 2001, anapatsidwa zowulutsira zachilendo za m'katikati m'chipinda holo dzina la Chaliapin linatsegulidwa.

Epiphany Cathedral (Kazan): ndandanda ya ntchito, adiresi ndi maola kutsegula

Nthawi kuika chirichonse mu malo ake. Lero, ngati mmene zinalili m'mbuyomu, mmodzi wa madera aakulu auzimu a mzinda wakale Volga ndi Cathedral wa Epiphany (Kazan). Ndandanda wa Divine Services, kuikidwa pa khomo, si wosiyana zina Orthodox ndandanda. Ndi umboni kuti utumiki ntchitoyi ikuchitika zonse, malinga ndi hayala wa mpingo. Amachita tsiku ndi tsiku. Pa mlungu, pa mapemphero Divine kumayamba 8:00 am, ndipo Lamlungu ndi maholide 9:00. ntchito madzulo akutsatiridwa ndi 17:00.

Koma wotchi iyi si kupeza atsogoleri a chipembedzowo mu Epiphany Cathedral (Kazan). Ntchito nthawi limafotokoza tsiku lonse, kuyambira m'mawa mpaka usiku. Choncho alandirika ku mipingo kwambiri Orthodox, kumene anthu amabwera nthawi zambiri kungokhala m'madera ozungulira zithunzi woyera, kupuma wodala zofukiza, kupempherera zochitika zazikulu, ndi kupempha dalitso la Mulungu.

Pakuti aliyense chidwi ndi mbiri ya zomangamanga mpingo mu Russia ndipo amasonyeza kupita pa Volga, kudzakhala kothandiza kwambiri kukaona Cathedral wa Epiphany (Kazan) pa adiresi: Kazan, up. Bauman, 78. Mukhoza osati timudziwe bwino chipilala chapadera zomangamanga, komanso kupemphera, ndi Loweruka mu nyumba yopemphereramo ndi belu nsanja ya pemphero kuti thanzi la okondedwa kapena mwambo kwa akufa.

Lamlungu ndi masiku a chipembedzowo zonse, ndi amene ali mu kachisi kwa nthawi yoyamba, mukhoza kupeza chimwene ku kuimba akafistnogo anachita pano pa 17:00. Kwa amene mukufuna kuti mudziwe zambiri musanapite kukaona Cathedral wa Epiphany (Kazan), foni: (843) 292 17 58. Aliyense woyimba adzalandira yankho mabuku aliwonse a mafunso awo.