Ndi kapangidwe ndi ntchito kafukufuku maphunziro otani?

Today ife kulankhula za chimene kapangidwe ndi kufufuza. Akuti ili ndi njira pang'onopang'ono kwa chiphunzitso, amene ntchito ndi posachedwapa, koma anakwanitsa kubweretsa zotsatira kwambiri. Today mupeza zimene ubwino lili ndi chifukwa chake kuyambitsa ngakhale pa mlingo boma. Komanso, nkhani adzakhala zothandiza aliyense amene akukonza kapena ana, chifukwa adzayang'ana pa ndondomeko kuphunzira ngodya chosiyana. Izi ndi zofunika kwambiri makamaka kwa makolo amene amaopa nthawi imene m'pofunika kukhala magulu osadziwika kuti yandilimbikitsa kapena kukakamiza mwana kuphunzira chifukwa cha tsogolo lake. Inu mukanakhala kudabwa, koma izo zikhoza kuchitidwa popanda khama, koma ndi njira yoyenera.

ndi kapangidwe ndi kufufuza zinthu zotani?

Panopa, mukhoza zambiri za conceptualization zolakwika za njira zosiyanasiyana maphunziro. Ena mabuku ndi njira kupereka aphunzitsi ndi aphunzitsi ena lingaliro la chimene kukonza chachimango cha maphunziro ndi gawo zosiyanasiyana. ndi akatswiri ochepa akhoza kutsatira njira izi kuchita ndi iyende. Pankhani ya njira ndi luso kuti imakhudzana ndi ntchito kunja zikuluzikulu, pali ambiri maganizo osiyanasiyana asayansi ndi ochita kafukufuku, chomwe nthawi zambiri zotsutsana. Tiona zinthu kapangidwe-kafukufuku wa ophunzira ambiri olembedwa ndi mawu akuti "ndi", Sankadziwa kuti si ofanana, koma madera osiyana. Iwo amasiyana njira mabungwe maluso ndi zizindikiro zina zofunika.

Kapangidwe ndi kufufuza ntchito - Ntchitoyi umalimbana chitukuko cha makhalidwe kulenga ndi kafukufuku wa ophunzira. Ndi apeze njira yothetsera vuto kumene yankho si anadziwiratu. Ichi ndi chifukwa chachikulu pakati pa ntchitoyi kuchokera msonkhano yosavuta, zimene zonse amadziwika ndi funika pochitika yekha pa chala choyamba. Kapangidwe ndi kufufuza ntchito za ophunzira zikutanthauza magawo amene khalidwe la kafukufuku lililonse sayansi: vuto, ongolankhula kuphunzira Amayi, kusankha njira kapena machenjerero, kuchita, mndandanda wa zotsatira, kusanthula ndi kaphatikizidwe deta, kuchotsa zotsatira konkire ndi awo nokha yankho. Phunziro lililonse, kulikonse dera si wonyamulidwa, tso zimenezi pamwamba, zomwe ndi zofunika kwa kafukufuku.

Kusiyana kapangidwe ndi kufufuza zinthu

Gulu la kafukufuku ntchito kumaphatikizapo njira zovuta monga padera kwa aliyense wa ntchito ziwiri. Iwo ayenera kumvetsa kuti azigwirizana ndi kukhala ndi chiwerengero kusiyana. Chifukwa cha kafukufuku ife kupeza mankhwala wanzeru, amene analengedwa ndi kukhazikitsa choonadi cha njira ya makolo ya kafukufuku. Ntchito ntchito ikukhudza kufufuza choonadi ndi kusankha njira yabwino kwambiri kuphunzira. Ubwino wa zomangamanga ndi ntchito kafukufuku kuti umabweretsa chifukwa mabuku ndi kamodzi ndikachite gulu la maluso ofunika. Payokha, ntchito polojekiti ndi zofunika kwambiri, koma siliphunzitsa mchitidwe, ndi momwe kufufuza zambiri, pokonza ndipo aipereke. ntchito Research palokha wosachita ndi wofunika kwambiri chotere. Choncho, pamafunika ntchito.

Kapangidwe ndi kufufuza ntchito ku sukulu ya mkaka wa

Chochitachi chikhoza kuchitidwa zimatiyika pa kusasitsa anthu: ku sukulu ya mkaka, kusukulu, yunivesite ndipo ngakhale kuntchito. Kapangidwe ndi ntchito kafukufuku m'munda wa ana - ziri zosiyanasiyana chidziwitso, masewera ndi zinthu zachilengedwe zimene ukunenedwa polera mwana mu makings koyamba kwa njira yolondola ya mavuto. A mwana chibadwire amamuchititsa funsani ndi kucheza ndi dziko lakunja, iye ndi chidwi kwambiri ndi akufuna kupeza, kuzindikira ndi kuthetsa. Mwana aliyense - upainiya ndi ntchito yofunika kwambiri aphunzitsi ndi kukhalabe ndi kukhala chidwi katundu mwana. Monga tanena Chinese akupita, munthu amadziwa chinthu chokha pamene akuyesetsa. Kapangidwe ndi kufufuza zinthu ndi ana aang'ono pafupifupi kwathunthu zochokera chakuti nkuganiza chochita mu vuto linalake. Kumene, kuchuluka wosatha mungachite adzakhala kumana bata mwanayo, ndipo wayamba kusokonezedwa, choncho mwana akhoza kusankha mungachite angapo, koma iwo ayenera kubwera paokha.

ophunzira wamng'ono

Kapangidwe ndi ntchito kafukufuku wa ana junior sukulu ndi zofanana kwambiri ndi ntchito imene ikuchitika m'munda. Mu sukulu wamng'ono, ana kuvutika maganizo pamene ali kumvera ndandanda okhwima, kuthetsa ntchito samveka tsiku lililonse kuchita homuweki, ndipo nthawi ndiphunzire. Nthawiyi ndi yovuta, koma ngati mukhala molondola, n'zotheka iyende kwambiri. Kapangidwe ndi kufufuza zinthu a sukulu junior zonse za ntchito wodzilamulira mu limene mwana amayenera kubwera kwa zochita, koma kupeza njira zambiri zolondola ndi zomveka kunja. ntchito anthu, yomwe imayang'ana ntchito kufufuza motere:

• kuonetsetsa ndi yabwino maganizo nyengo timu;
• chitukuko cha makhalidwe kulenga;
• chitukuko cha ufulu ndi mphamvu zosankha osiyana maganizo ambiri;
• chitukuko cha maluso, ubwenzi, khalidwe la mkangano;
• chitukuko cha m'maganizo ndi nkhambakamwa.

njira kukhazikitsa

Ife tikudziwa kale za mfundo chifungulo cha nkhani imeneyi. Ndi nthawi kupeza njira zomwe zagwiridwa kapangidwe ndi kufufuza zinthu. Akuti ali angapo, koma mu nkhani palibe sayenera kusankha zina ndipo anapachikidwa pa iye, kuganizira patsogolo pa. Njira iliyonse ayenera alternated ndi ena kuti azipeza mogwirizana maluso osiyanasiyana ana.

Kapangidwe ndi kufufuza ntchito sukulu ungadziwike mu zotsatirazi:

1. Ntchito imene ana experimenting. Zotsatira angakhale osiyana, chinthu chachikulu - luso kulandira ndi otetezeka. Pambuyo opaleshoni mwanayo ayenera kukonza mfundo Album mu mawonekedwe a collage ndi zojambula, kapena kabuku.
2. Timasewero kusewera masewera, amene amafanana zisudzo. Njira iyi ndi othandiza kwambiri, ndipo kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito maganizo maphunziro ngakhale akuluakulu osiyanasiyana. Ana amafunika kuphunzira kukhala luso, kuyesa zosiyanasiyana bwino kumva wapadera anu ndi payekha. Ntchito masewera si kokasangalala chifukwa pa nthawi ya mwana ayenera osati kuyesa fano latsopano, komanso kuthetsa mkati mwa malire ake vuto. A mfundo yofunika kwambiri apa ndi vuto ayenera kuthetsedwa chimodzimodzi mu kalembedwe khalidwe osankhidwa.
3. Miyambo zomwe kwambiri za kusonkhanitsa ndi kupereka mfundo. Ana amafunika deta zina ndi kuziyika izo mwa njira iliyonse. Nkofunika kuphunzitsa ana osati kudzatunga kapena nkhani ndi kusonyeza chinachake mwa zisudzo, mapulogalamu, zisudzo, nkhani ndi zina zotero .. M'mawu ena, m'pofunika kuphunzitsa munthu kufotokoza maganizo awo mu njira zambiri zosiyana.
4. Creative mpikisano, amene umalimbana chitukuko cha luso lake lolinganiza. Ana payekha kapena gulu ayenera kukonza mwambo waung'ono. Kenako nkhani ya mwambo wawo. Mwanjira imeneyi ana kuphunzira kuona ubwino wawo ndi kusiyana kwa ena komanso kuona zofooka ndiyeno aleke.

Mugone nkhani

Kapangidwe ndi ntchito kafukufuku nthawi zambiri anazindikira mwa nkhani ubale "mphunzitsi - wasukulu". mphunzitsi anamasuliridwa ena chidziwitso, ndi ophunzira kutenga nawo. dera ichi kale akhazikitsidwa ndipo nthawi zonse ntchito ndi anthu amene ali ovuta njira mwapang'onopang'ono kuphunzitsa. The inefficiency njira kwagona kuti madera ambiri akhoza kumasukirana chimango ake. Pali nthawi zambiri pomwe maganizo osakondera mwana n'koyenera kwambiri, zomveka zolondola, kuposa buku mphunzitsi wanu. Ana kuyang'ana pa dziko popanda tsankho ndi filimu misa zomwe zimasokoneza maganizo a chowonadi, kuti icho kuchokera mwa njira ina. A ochuluka a aphunzitsi monga sindikufuna kukhala lokha, ndi ndinazolowera kuchita chitsanzo knurled zomwe zikuoneka kuti zotsatira zabwino, moti ngakhale chikumbumtima azikhala woyera. Koma ndi chibwana, imene imagwiritsidwa mantha mwana wa nkhondo ndi mphunzitsi ndi kusiyidwa maganizo yovuta.

Kapangidwe ndi ntchito kafukufuku maphunziro ano

Today mu Russia pali miyambo yakale ya kukhazikitsa njira imeneyi, yomwe zimasintha chifukwa iwo ndi inefficient ndipo ziyeneretso ano. M'dziko anakhazikitsa ndi opareshoni ndi sukulu ka sayansi, sayansi ndi luso mabungwe, amene ali "wamkulu thupi" polojekiti ntchito. Iwo ali othandiza kwambiri, koma akhoza kubweretsa kwambiri. Cholinga cha mabungwe amenewa - ndi kulenga chitsanzo cha kugwira ntchito kwa mabungwe maphunziro kafukufuku. Ana amene amachita nawo zinthu zimenezi - ndi asayansi tsogolo ndi akatswiri omwe ali ndi kusuntha gudumu la mbiri. Education umachitika m'madera amenewa zambiri payekha ndi quality, pali nthawi kumvera aliyense, ndipo aliyense angathe kuzindikira iliyonse ya polojekiti yanu. Modern mfundo maphunziro anafuna kuchepetsa katundu pa ana. Kodi kuchepetsa, koma kusintha khalidwe.

Kodi akhoza osayanjanitsika? Mwachitsanzo, ntchito kapangidwe-kafukufuku wa ophunzira makalasi sayansi akuwonetseredwa mu ntchito. Ana mulibe kuloweza mitunduyi ndi malamulo, ndipo paokha kugwira zatsopano ndi kuwona chitsimikiziro zithunzi kudziwa buku. Only mu nkhani iyi, kuphunzira salinso adazindikira mwa mwana monga chikangoperekedwa ndi kudzakhala chidwi. Ndipo kokha motere wophunzirayo kumvetsa osati kuphunzira mfundo zofunika ndiponso adzatha kudzatunga kufanana ndi ntchito muzochitika zosiyanasiyana za moyo.

GEF

Kapangidwe ndi kufufuza ntchito za ophunzira mu chimango cha GEF m'kaundula ndi boma. Modern pedagogy sizingatheke popanda ntchito kapangidwe-kafukufuku, kuyambira kokha pamene anapanga luso kofunika kuyendera maganizo komanso kupanga zisankho. makhalidwe amenewa sangakhoze kuphunzitsidwa kuchokera m'buku: kufunika ntchito. Njira ntchito ndi maziko pedagogical sayansi yamakono, ndipo koposa zonse kuzindikira kuti zikomo kwa kapangidwe bwino mozama ndi ntchito kafukufuku. Mu njira zambiri ndi wodziimira, makamaka kwa ophunzira akusekondale. Self-gulu la ndondomeko zawo kuphunzira zimathandiza munthu kukonza ndi kuwunika zochita zawo.

Kapangidwe ndi kufufuza ntchito sukulu GEF chosiyana ndi zina tanthauzo lake. Ana amafuna njira yapadera, chifukwa iwo ali nalo akulitse maluso monga luso poyerekeza, kusanthula ndi mapulani. Komabe, ntchito mfundo national ntchito akuchitiridwa akuyendera pamisinkhu onse a maphunziro.

zinthu zabwino

Kapangidwe ndi ntchito kafukufuku mu sukulu ya mkaka monga njira kuphunzira chodzidalira, udindo ndi mtima angapo ubwino. Ana amene akukhudzidwa ndi aphunzitsi onyengawa adzatha kuyambira ndili wamng'ono kuphunzira zimene ena kuphunzira theka moyo. Akulongosola zochita za ambiri mwa makhalidwe abwino:

• zolinga kuwonjezeka ana angapo pothetsa mavuto osiyanasiyana;
• kwezani chidwi chenicheni, osati chofunika zolinga mawotchi ntchito;
• polera maudindo;
• mapangidwe njira zamakono kuti kuthetsa mavuto;
• maluso maphunziro;
• luso paokha kuyerekeza ndi kutanthauzira kuphunzira okha zokhazokha;
• maphunziro khama, ndende;
• Kuphunzira luso anthu kulankhula;
• mapangidwe luso gulu kulankhulana;
• kuthekera kulinganiza workspace wanu, dongosolo;
• luso kupeza chinenero anthu amene ali munjira ina;
• n'kupanga wosangalala ndi moyo;
• chitukuko cha luso mgwirizano.

maphunziro zina

Kulengedwa ndi kafukufuku maphunziro owonjezereka likupitirirabe wotchuka kwambiri. Poyamba, kukhazikitsa ntchitoyi anatenga malo okha mu ndondomeko waukulu wa maphunziro, koma kenako zinadziwika kuti kungakhale kothandiza ndipo amagwira ntchito ku mabwalo osiyanasiyana, ndipo maphunziro voti. m'dera limeneli la maphunziro akungoyamba kumene, choncho yosindikiza ntchito zoyenera nkhani imeneyi, pali pang'ono. Aliyense akhoza kugwiritsa ntchito kwa GEF. Kapangidwe ndi kufufuza zinthu anafotokoza mfundo boma, adzakuthandizani kumvetsa mfundo zikuluzikulu za njira imeneyi. Ambiri mwakhama kuti ntchito m'munda wa luso nkhani. Izi zimathandiza kubweretsa kompyuta kulemba munthu amene akhoza kufotokoza maganizo awo ndi ntchito mothandizidwa ndi makina amakono ndi zida. The zatsopano woyamba Njira kale yayenda bwino positive. Maphunziro amaperekedwa kwa ophunzira zaka 7-16 zakubadwa. Popeza ntchito ndi kukhala kulenga, aliyense ali ndi ufulu wosankha mutu anakhumba ndi njira ya chifaniziro chake.