Natural sizidzatha chuma: mitundu, zitsanzo

Mkati ena chuma padziko, zimene anthu amagwiritsa ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku, pali owerengeka. Ngati ntchito zinthu zina sati anafunsa posakhalitsa kapena kenako lidzatha, ndipo yopanga kugwirizana sizingatheke. Kuti timvetse Maganizo a makampani ndi zachilengedwe za padziko lapansi, m'pofunika kumvetsa zimene zachilengedwe ndi amene angagwiritsidwe ntchito popanda malamulo.

Gulu lalikulu

zachilengedwe otchedwa zachilengedwe ntchito ndi anthu kwa chuma. Monga ulamuliro, iwo ali m'magulu potengera chiyambi. Malinga ndi mugawo ili, makamaka wolemekezeka nthaka. Ndiye, ponena nkhalango ndi madzi ofunika. No zofunika zochepa ndi chuma kwachilengedwenso. Mchere a gwero la mchere. Palinso mphamvu ndi nyengo. Exhaustible ndi sizidzatha zachilengedwe mu gulu umenewu nayo. Pa nthawi yomweyo pafupifupi mtundu iwo mwachindunji zokhudzana.

Gawo ndi kutopa

Choncho, mitundu ikuluikulu kuphunzira. Iwo ayenera kulimbana ndi mfundo, kodi exhaustible ndi sizidzatha zachilengedwe makamaka. Kudziwa chuma cha aliyense asankhe mmodzi kapena mtundu wina m'pofunika kulabadira renewability ake. Imeneyi ndi mfundo zovuta, monga mwa mitundu pali malire a kutopa, imene ikutha ikhalenso. Komabe, waukulu chuma zongowonjezwdwa angatchedwe nkhalango, madzi ndi nthaka, komanso mphamvu mphepo, mafunde, dzuwa ndi nyengo. Ndi osiyana gulu la substitutability. Mitundu ya chuma sizidzatha achilengedwe zosiyana ndi zimene mwina zamestimy chifukwa tanthauzo la mfundo ntchito mankhwala makamaka, osati njira zina zake. Mwina mosinthana utsi, zipangizo, ena kupezeka mphamvu.

dzuwa

Iwo ayenera kuyamba atchule zachilengedwe zopanda malire kwa mitunduyi. Dzuwa kudzikundikira zosaneneka mphamvu kuti chimachokera mu malo tsiku ndi tsiku. Kuti ndalama kuti tsiku kugwa padziko lapansili, koposa zosowa laumunthu zikwizikwi nthawi. Komabe, anthu ntchito kwenikweni. Ziyenera adzanyamula kukumbukira kuti dzuŵa limatulutsa mitundu angapo cheza - mwachindunji ndi akakufunsani. mabatire masiku ano kutenga zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, ikukhudzana dzuwa chomera, sipangakhalenso usavutike madzi, pogwiritsa ntchito mitundu onse cheza, akatembenuka mphamvu ngakhale nyengo mitambo. Photovoltaic unsembe amalenga magetsi. Kwa iye, nyengo ndi zofunika kwambiri - muyenera kugwirizana batire ndi mitambo tsiku mphamvu pang'onopang'ono kudziunjikira kwambiri.

mphepo

Ndi sizidzatha zachilengedwe ndi ena ofanana nawo ku yapita mawonekedwe a mphamvu. Mphepo chifukwa cha kutentha m'goli a dziko lapansili. dzuwa mphamvu ndi n'kukhala kayendedwe ka mpweya. Anthu anayamba kugwiritsa ntchito mphepo kwa zaka zikwi zingapo zapitazo - panyanja. Patapita kanthawi, anali anatulukira masamba windmill amagwiritsidwa kusuntha mpweya. The mphamvu kayendedwe ka mphepo akupezeka pafupifupi pa dziko ndi wokongola kwambiri chilengedwe monga zilibe kupanga zinyalala ndi mpweya. Komanso buku alibe ndalama chilichonse. Thiabendazole angagwiritsidwe ntchito m'nyumba ndi malonda. Popeza 70s imachitika zatsopano zosiyanasiyana kulenga yabwino kwambiri mphepo mapampu kuti kulenga magetsi. Pa nthawi, chiwerengero cha zipangizo amenewa ndi mokwanira lalikulu mu United States ndi ku Ulaya monga Holland, Denmark, Germany.

mafunde

Ndi sizidzatha zachilengedwe ali ndi mphamvu mafunde a m'nyanja kapena nyanja. Mphamvu ya madzi amakopa anthu kuyambira Ages Middle, pamene anthu anafuna kumanga madamu ndipo anaphunzira kuti chimanga mphero ili pa magombe a mtsinje kuti masamba atembenuza mkati. Woyamba chipangizo kale anaonekera m'zaka khumi. Mofananamo, mphamvu ya ntchito ndi macheka. Ndi kufunika kwa zinthu magetsi zasintha. Kufunika ukuwonjezeka mphamvu. Choncho anthu anapita zoti ntchito zachilengedwe sizidzatha chuma chilengedwe chake, ndipo woyamba mphamvu osefukira. Pakamwa pa mtsinje, amene amalowa nyanja kapena nyanja, damu la ili. Iye atseka otaya madzi, zomwe zimabweretsa chopangira mphamvu kuti sapota yaikulu. N'zokhudza kuti jenereta kuti amalenga magetsi. dongosolo amangogwira ntchito pa mafunde mkulu kapena otsika mafunde, koma amalola kupeza chidwi kuchuluka kwa mphamvu. Pa nthawi, njira otere ambiri anayamba mu France.

nyengo

Sizidzatha zachilengedwe zitsanzo za zimene anapatsidwa pamwamba akhoza m'lingaliro pamodzi ndi mitundu. Nyengo - osakaniza m'dera anakonza kuwala, kutentha ndi dzuwa, zomwe kulenga zinthu zina kwa zomera ndi nyama. Monga zachilengedwe zopanda malire zigawo nyengo akuoneka m'lingaliro gwero zosangalatsa ndi agro-mafakitale. Weather kumakhudza mwachindunji pa nyengo kukula ndi Mzimuyo chiwerengero ndi mitundu ya zomera, komanso zimathandiza kuti ntchito m'madera ena zolinga zokopa alendo. nyengo sangathe awonongeke, koma angayambe kuwonongeka - mwachitsanzo, mu munda wa nyukiliya kuphulika malawi kumakhala kovuta.

nthaka

Pafupifupi onse a sizidzatha zachilengedwe zitsanzo za zimene tafotokozazi, ndi malire mwamtheradi. Osawerengeka nthaka ndi wachibale. Pa mphindi, mwa kundipatsako dziko la gwero izi ndi mkulu, koma kuwononga zinthu zachilengedwe mwina kutsirizitsa renewability m'dziko, ndi zinthu zidzasintha. Chifukwa cha zochita za anthu amanyamula khalidwe nthaka ndi kusintha structural amakhala negative. Chifukwa cha kukula osefukira mbewu dziko amalandira madzi owonjezera ndi mchere, acidity, chotero mwa ntchito.

Pa nthawi, monga sizidzatha zongowonjezwdwa zachilengedwe monga dothi, anagawa m'zigawo kumene angapezeke. M'dziko la Titafika pamalo a amakhala ndi asidi wambiri ndi mlingo wochepa wa humus. Podsolic nthaka kotentha zone mokwanira ladzala ndi chinyontho ndi yodziwika ndi dongosolo chimauma. Mu steppes pali wakuda nthaka, ndiwo mtundu ambiri chonde, ndi okhutira pazipita humus ndi mulingo woyenera kupanga mipweya. dothi Gray ndi pa mphambano ndi zipululu, ndi osauka zakudya. Krasnozems oyenera mbewu subtropical. Chotero zachilengedwe zopanda malire anafunikira chithandizo ndi kuwunika zonse.