Mpulumutsi pa anakhetsa mwazi pa St. Petersburg (kachisi). Mpingo wa Mpulumutsi pa Magazi okhetsedwa

Mpulumutsi pa anakhetsa mwazi pa St. Petersburg ndi imodzi mwa mipingo wokongola kwambiri, chikondwerero ndi kumpanga weniweni mu Russia. Kwa zaka zambiri mu Soviet Union kuti aiwala. Tsopano anachira, imathandiza ukulu wake ndi m'maganizo a zikwi alendo.

m'mbiri

Mpulumutsi pa anakhetsa mwazi pa St. Petersburg inamangidwa pokumbukira Mfumu Alexander II. Back mu 1881 pa malopo ndipo patapita anamangapo kachisi, masoka zinachitika. March 1 Tsar Alexander II anauzidwa kuti Champ de A Mars, pamene iye anali kupereka perete. Chifukwa cha mchitidwewo zigawenga anachita Narodnaya Volya I. I. Grinevitskim, Mfumu n'kufa.

Mwa dongosolo la Alexander III pa zochitikazo ndipo inamangidwa Mpingo wa Mpulumutsi pa Magazi okhetsedwa, pamene iwo ankayenera kuti utumiki wokhazikika kwa akufa. Ndipo anatumizidwa ku kachisi dzina la Mpulumutsi pa anakhetsa mwazi, dzina akuluakulu a tchalitchi cha kuuka kwa akufa.

chigamulo pa erection a kachisi

Kusankha bwino kamangidwe ntchito wachifundo analengeza kwa yomanga kachisi. Iwo anali nawo amisiri ambiri otchuka. Only pa ulendo wachitatu (monga nthawi zambiri analengeza mpikisano) , Alexander III anasankha ntchito imene inkaoneka kuti iye abwino kwambiri. Mlembi wake anali Alfred Parland ndi Archimandrite Ignatius.

Mpulumutsi pa anakhetsa mwazi pa St. Petersburg inamangidwa pa zopereka kuti anasonkhana padziko lonse. Athandiza si Russia koma nzika za maiko ena Asilavo. belu nsanja ya makoma pambuyo yomanga korona malaya angapo a manja a zigawo zosiyanasiyana, m'mizinda, zigawo, amene nsembe ndalama, iwo onse anapanga zithunzi. Kwenikweni mtanda belu nsanja anakhazikitsidwa korona gilded monga chizindikiro chakuti chopereka zikuluzikulu yomanga anapanga banja August. Kuchuluka okwana yomanga anali miliyoni 4.6 rubles.

Cathedral Building

Iwo adagonesa mpingo mu 1883, pamene ntchito yomanga polojekiti silinakwaniritsidwe potsiriza naye. Pa nthawi imeneyi, cholinga chachikulu kwambiri kulimbikitsa nthaka, kotero si poyera kuti kukokoloka, chifukwa pafupi anali Griboyedov Ngalande, komanso maziko olimba.

The tchalitchi lokha Mpulumutsi pa Magazi okhetsedwa mu St. Petersburg anayamba kumanga mu 1888. Miyalayo Gray ntchito kumalumikiza chipewa khoma anaika ku red-bulauni njerwa, ndodo, mafelemu pakuti mazenera, mwakemu anapangidwa kuchokera Estland nsangalabwi. Kapu chokongoletsedwa ndi matabwa lubwe makumi awiri, amene imalemba malamulo waukulu ndi zina zomwe a Alexander II. Ndi 1894, a anawasema chachikulu cha tchalitchi zinamangidwa, kuti 1897 anawonjezera awiri naini machaputala. Ambiri a iwo anamizidwa ndi Mipikisano wachikuda enamel yowala.

chokongoletsera kachisi

Makoma a kachisi, mzikiti, nsanja kwathunthu kuphimba chodabwitsa dongosolo kukongoletsa, lubwe, nsangalabwi, enamel zodzikongoletsera, zithunzi. Mu wapadera kuyang'ana arches woyera, arcades, kokoshniki pa maziko a kukongoletsa njerwa zofiira. Malo onse a zithunzi (mkati ndi kunja) ndi zikwi zisanu mamita lalikulu. katswiri Mose anali zochokera zina zachidule za akatswiri kwambiri Vasnetsov, Parland, Nesterov, Koshelev. Kumpoto kwa wapakamwa ndi zithunzi "Kuuka" chakhazikika pa kum'mwera gawoli "Khristu mu Ulemerero." Pa wapakamwa kumadzulo ali chokongoletsedwa ndi chithunzi cha "Nkhope Yoyera," ndi kum'mawa munakwanisa kuona "Khristu Madalitso".

Mpulumutsi pa anakhetsa mwazi pa St. Petersburg, pang'ono stylized Moscow Cathedral Vasiliya Blazhennogo. Koma kapangidwe luso kwambiri ndi mapulani ndi wapadera kwambiri ndi choyambirira.

Mu ndondomekoyi, pa tchalitchi nyumba quadrangular, pamwamba pa mitu ya asanu lalikulu ndi anayi domes pang'ono. South, wapakamwa kumpoto chokongoletsedwa ndi pediments, kokoshniki, kum'mawa mbali - atatu anamaliza mamba ndi cupolas golide. Kumadzulo ndi wokongola belu nsanja mzikiti gilded.

Kukongola kwa mkati

Mbuto ikulu ya kachisi - wopatulika mpukutu Catherine Ngalande. Pamafunikanso slabs amaika mumsewu, miyala yopangira, gawo la latisi lapansi. Malo mfumu anafa, anaganiza kusiya n'komwe. Kukhazikitsa dongosolo zinasintha izi embankment ndi maziko a kachisi inasuntha njira zikuluzikulu ndi mamita 8.5.

Kwambiri zazikulu ndiponso ndi mtima wathu St. Petersburg bwinobwino adzatchedwa Mpingo wa Mpulumutsi pa Magazi. Photos ndi umboni za izo. Mu belu nsanja ndendende pamalo pamene panali ngozi zoopsa, ndi "The Kupachikidwa ndi adzaimira". The mtanda wapadera zopangidwa lubwe ndi za nsangalabwi. Pa mbali anayikidwa zithunzi za oyera mtima.

Kamangidwe mkati - lokongola la kachisi - lofunika kwambiri ndi wamkulu kuposa kunja. Mose kwa Mpulumutsi ndi wapadera, iwo anapangidwa monga mwa zina zachidule wa ambuye zotchuka burashi ndi: Kharlamov, Belyaeva, Koshelev, Ryabushkina, Novoskoltseva ndi ena.

mbiri zina

Anaulura ndi odzipereka pa tchalitchi anali mu 1908. Sizinali ngati kachisi, anali mpingo-zakale, chipilala kwa Mfumu Alexander II. Mu 1923, mpingo wa Mpulumutsi pa Magazi okhetsedwa moyenerera anapindula udindo wa tchalitchi, koma chifuniro cha tsoka kapena chifukwa cha kusintha zinawachitikira mbiri, mu 1930 mpingo Anatseka. nyumbayi anapatsidwa Society za Akaidi Political. Kwa zaka zambiri, nkhaniyo kuti awononge kachisi m'nyengo Soviet. Mwina alephera nkhondo. Kwa atsogoleri nthawi kuti amaukitsa ntchito zina zofunika.

Pa kuzinga lowopsya la Leningrad tchalitchi kumanga ntchito ngati mzinda kosungira mitembo. Nkhondo itatha, Maly Opera Theatre anapereka pano yosungira zokongola.

Pambuyo kusintha mphamvu boma la Soviet, kachisi potsiriza anazindikira chipilala mbiri. Mu 1968, iye akubwera pansi kutetezeredwa State Inspectorate, ndipo mu 1970 mpingo wa Kuuka kwa Khristu ananena nthambi "St. Isake Cathedral." M'zaka zimenezi, pa tchalitchi ndi kuyamba kutsitsimutsa. Kubwezeretsa zinachitika pang'onopang'ono yekha mu 1997 monga Museum Mpulumutsi pa Magazi okhetsedwa anayamba kulandira alendo.

Mu 2004, pambuyo pa zaka zoposa 70, Metropolitan Vladimir anatumikira mu Kachisi wa mapemphero Auzimu.

Today, aliyense yemwe amapita St. Petersburg, amayesetsa kukaona Mpulumutsi pa anakhetsa mwazi. Museum kutsegula maola tiyeni zimenezi nthawi iliyonse m'chilimwe 10 m'mawa mpaka 22 koloko usiku, m'nyengo yozizira 10 19.

Anapulumutsidwa pa Magazi (Yekaterinburg)

Ngati ife kulankhula za mavuto amene anavutika Romanov banja, osanenapo mpingo mu Yekaterinburg. Mu mzinda uwu banja August anakhala masiku otsiriza, mu malo a imfa yawo, ndipo ana a anamangidwira Mpulumutsi pa anakhetsa mwazi. Map of mzinda wosonyeza kuti tchalitchi inamangidwa pa malo Ipatiev House. Monga nkhani akuti nyumba ankalandidwa ndi Bolsheviks pa injiniya Ipatiev. Kodi banja Romanov anabisika kwa masiku 78. July 17, 1918 ofera onse anawomberedwa mu m'chipinda chapansi pa nyumba. Mu Soviet Union, kukumbukira banja lachifumu idagonjetsedwa ndi kuwononga. Mu 1977, pa Maonekedwe CPSU Committee Central, nyumba idadzazidwa anagwetsa, kutsogolera mwambowo analangiza BN Yeltsin. Mu Maulendo Ake, chochitika wolongosoledwa kukhala zachilendo zotsatira za zomwe sizingasinthe.

The yomanga kachisi

Only mu 2000 pa malo a zochitika zomvetsa chisoni anayamba kutsogolera ntchito yomanga kachisi. Dzina lovomerezeka la "Chikumbutso Church pa Magazi polemekeza Oyera Mtima." chaka kuti anali kulemekeza banja la Nicholas II. Mu 2003 July 16 kutsegula mwambo, kuyatsa kwa kachisi.

Nyumba, amene kutalika mamita 60, ali domes asanu, malo okwana mamita zikwi zitatu lalikulu. Chirasha Byzantine mapulani kalembedwe limatsindika austerity ndi ukulu wa nyumbayi. Zovuta zimapanga chapamwamba ndipo m'munsi kachisi. Chapamwamba kachisi - chizindikiro cha nyale chosafa, anayatsa okumbukira ngozi imene inachitika pano. M'munsi maliro kachisi ili mu chapansi mbali. Pamafunikanso yowotcha chipinda kumene kuli mabwinja a nyumba choyambirira Ipatiev. Guwa ili mwachindunji pa malo banja Romanov anaphedwa chisoni. Pomwepo tinatsegula owonetsera zakale kumene zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho wodzipereka kwa masiku otsiriza a moyo wa m'banja lachifumu.

Chaka chilichonse wosaiwalika usiku July 17 pakachisi unachitikira vigil mapemphero, n'kufika chionetsero (25 km) ku Ganina Yama - mu izi anasiya wanga litapita thupi pambuyo aphedwe. Zikwi amwendamnjira kuno chaka chilichonse kupereka msonkho kwa Regal Ofera kugwadira kachisi wa.