Mitundu phwetekere kudera Leningrad. mitundu phwetekere kwa greenhouses ndi pansi lotseguka

Tomato nthawi yaitali ndi kukhala gawo la chakudya cha anthu ambiri. Atsopano mu nyengo, zamzitini kapena kuzifutsa m'nyengo yozizira, iwo akhala kuyambira unasiya kukhala ndi chakudya chokoma sichikupezeka. Iwo mwakula kulikonse, mu greenhouses ndi pansi lotseguka zosiyanasiyana nyengo. mitundu phwetekere kudera Leningrad zoned makamaka kudera North-West la Russia.

magawidwe

Lingaliro kwambiri a mitundu magawidwe zomera sanali kutuluka balamanthu. Kwa zaka zambiri, akatswiri anayesera kubweretsa mitundu oyenera kulima zinthu zenizeni nyengo.

Kuti tichite zimenezi m'madera chokhazikitsidwa (monga dera Leningrad) anabzala mitundu ingapo ndipo hybrids wa tomato mofanana. zomera ndi ayesedwa kwa zokolola, earliness, kulawa, recyclability, kukana matenda. Iwo monga zizindikiro zachuma ndi mtengo pa botolo la kupanga.

Patapita kusanthula mozama deta zonse, kapena zosiyanasiyana hybrid, anazindikira monga zabwino mu zizindikiro zonse, wotsimikiziridwa ndi bungwe la boma Zosiyanasiyana Kuyesedwa ndi akulimbikitsidwa kulima m'dera Leningrad.

Iyi ndi nthawi ndi yolemetsa ntchito. Pa siteji yotsatira ntchito kukula okwanira phwetekere mbewu kudera Leningrad. Ndi kupereka chuma kubzala ayenera osati lalikulu chuma, komanso gulu lalikulu la asilikali a wamaluwa.

mitundu akulimbikitsidwa dera Leningrad

M'zaka za kafukufuku komanso zimene zinachitikira mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi hybrids wa tomato anali kudzipatula. Chifukwa chachikulu gawolo ndi zikhalidwe wosanganiza kunja n'komwe ngakhale kumadzulo ndi kum'mawa dera la woyendera nthambi. The mitundu yofala tomato kudera Leningrad polingalira njira kukula:

• lotseguka pansi, "ndi nyenyezi yaing'ono 1185";
• Greenhouses: "Leningrad precocious";
• yaying'ono filimu m'misasa, "Neva";
• greenhouses "compactor gribovsky 1180".

Palinso gulu la tomato ndi njira mowa, mtundu ndi mtundu wa zipatso chitsamba:

• motetezera, "mphuno", "chala", "yoyenda";
• mowa atsopano, "Grotto", "cameo", "chachikulu", "Gnome", "gay", "Oak";
• letesi mitundu, "Gourmet", "zamaluwa", "Ilya Muromets", "Malinka", "Dawn F1»;
• tomato, lalanje: "Rosinka", "enchantress";
• oyambirira-kukhwima stam: ". Argo" "Eugene", "chala", "yoyenda"

nyengo Features

Nyengo ya kudera Leningrad ndi amtengo lofewa onse chilimwe ndi chisanu. Inconstancy nyengo - Mbali yake yaikulu. nyengo akhoza kusintha kwambiri mu tsiku kuwala kwina kulikonse - pa thambo owala dzuwa pamaso mvula. Pano mukhoza kuwonjezera pafupipafupi mphepo yamphamvu amene khalidwe kwa dera limeneli.

Ndi ntchito m'malo zovuta - kubweretsa mitundu amphamvu tomato mu Leningrad Oblast, mwakachetechete kunyamula kusintha lakuthwa nyengo, chinyezi, kutentha, ndipo mukhoza kupirira chilichonse cholimbana mphepo. Obereketsa athana ndi ntchitoyo ndipo anabweretsa hybrids ndi mitundu bwinobwino nakulitsa m'chigawochi.

zomangamanga ulimi

Tomato - kuwala okonda zomera, iwo ayenera anabzala pa mbali dzuwa. Amafuna wopatsa kuthirira (tomato 90% madzi), ndi kuchita bwino masana.

Yambani kudyetsa pa siteji oyambirira, ndiye kupanga yopuma pamaso mapangidwe ambiri m'mimba. An overabundance wa asafe feteleza amachepetsa zomera zikule.

Mosavuta zinachitika kubereketsa zomera ndondomeko, muyenera mokoma sansani mbewu ndi tsinde la. Ndondomeko ziyenera mobwerezabwereza nthawi 3-4 sabata m'mawa.

Masiku a mbewu kufesa

Phwetekere mbewu kwa kufesa dera Leningrad mu nthawi mosamalitsa kumatanthauza. Bwino kuwerengetsa iwo, muyenera avareji Thirani nthawi mu wowonjezera kutentha ndi kuchotsapo iye, monga mwa chiwerengero, m'badwo akadakwanitsira wa mbande ndi kuwonjezera kumera yaitali.

mitundu oyambirira obzalidwa kutentha pa June 1 pa zaka mbande masiku 50, kopitilira muyeso-kudya kufesa mpaka April 15, mochedwa anabzala palibe kale kuposa March 10, tikulimbikitsidwa zaka mmera kwa masiku 70. Ngati ife kulankhula za tomato kwa nthaka lotseguka: mitundu zingafesedwe mu nthaka ndi 1st kwa 5 wa April.

Ziyenera adzanyamula kukumbukira kuti nthaka ayenera konzekera kuti akuya ankafika osachepera 10 ° ^C. M'madera kumpoto kwa dera ankafika nthawi ndi ankatembenukira ku tsiku la mtsogolo, kusiyana ndi pakati pa masiku 7 mpaka 12. Kumalo amenewa, frosts zitheka mu sabata loyamba June.

mtundu nthaka kumathandizanso. Sandy konzekera mofulumira kwambiri ndi chozama kupitirira loamy.

masiku kukolola

Motalikira phwetekere ndi zimapsa pa chitsamba chilichonse, m'pamenenso kukoma kwake. Kupsa zingadziŵike osati pa diso (mu mlingo wa redness), komanso kukhudza.

Anamasulidwa mitundu ya tomato kudera Leningrad chikutha ndi isanayambike nyengo yozizira, pamene tomato Kusiya kukula ndi zipse. Ziri uyu ndiye kutha kwa August. Koma nyengo amasankha kusintha yake, ndi chaka pa chaka Sikuti. Full oyeretsa tomato kumafuna kukumba dothi greenhouses, minda masamba, ndi kuwonongedwa kwa zatsalira zomera. Ake bwino kufukiza pofuna kupewa zotheka kufalikira kwa matenda phwetekere.

"Agatha"

Zosiyanasiyana "Agatha" phwetekere uli gulu la oyambirira-kucha tomato. Kuchokera kumera kwa chiyambi cha fruiting udzachitika za masiku 105. Zosunthika zosiyanasiyana zimene limakula bwino ndi kubala zipatso mu greenhouses ndi pansi lotseguka. Zomera musati stam, kutalika kwa chitsamba - mpaka masentimita 45, chimene chiri chofunika mu mkuntho.

tomato yakucha amawathandiza kupewa choipitsa mochedwa, zomwe ndi atengeke zosiyanasiyana. kukolola oyambirira ikuchitika pamaso kufala misa matenda.

Per mita lalikulu anabzala zomera 4, ayenera madzi nthawi zonse, bwino ndi madzi ofunda. Nthaka, manyowa kangapo pa nyengo kukula.

Kufotokozera za phwetekere: zipatso ploskookrugloy mawonekedwe masekeli magalamu 80 pa avareji, ndi okhutira mkulu wa nkhani wouma mtundu wofiira, zosangalatsa lokoma kukoma, overripe ndipo musati osokoneza. Zokolola wina chitsamba kungakhale kwa makilogalamu 4. Pa burashi zipse zipatso 6.

Zipatso kulekerera kayendedwe bwino. Gwiritsani tomato kwa kukonzekera yozizira, kumalongeza.

Easy yokonza ndi dzuwa mkulu kupanga zosiyanasiyana "Agatha" wokongola kwambiri wamaluwa ankachita masewera.

"Ballad"

Phwetekere "Ballad" - pakati-oyambirira zosiyanasiyana. Kuyambira zikamera woyamba wa zomera pamaso pa yakucha inadzachitika masiku pafupifupi 120. Ntchito chifukwa chodzala mu nthaka lotseguka, koma akhoza kukhala wamkulu mwa greenhouses. Msinkhu chitsamba yaying'ono ukufika masentimita 50 pa mita lalikulu pafupifupi 8 zomera anabzala.

yoopsa ozungulira mawonekedwe, amatha kulemera magalamu 180, Mtundu - wofiira mdima. Kukoma kwa zipatso zokoma, ndi mwangwiro oyenera kupanga phwetekere phala ndi ulimi wa madzi phwetekere. Zokolola matani 80 pa mahekitala 1. Kuthetsa ubwino monga pafupifupi munthawi yomweyo yakucha.

The zosiyanasiyana amafuna chisamaliro mosamala: yake kutsirira, tillage nthaka, dothi feteleza mu greenhouses - mpweya zonse (mpweya uyenera kukhala wouma).

Chinthu chapadera - kukana kuti choipitsa mochedwa, matenda tizilombo, apical zowola. Iwo amalola poima ndipo mwangwiro anasunga yaitali.

"White kudzazidwa"

wotchuka zosiyanasiyana wina - Tomato "White kudzazidwa". Reviews alimi m'madera angapo Ukraine, Russia, Moldova, Kazakhstan, chikutsimikizira mbiri ngati wodzichepetsa ndipo angathe kupereka kukolola pafupifupi zinthu aliyense.

Mkulu pakhomo chisanu n'zotheka kukula izo mu Region Leningrad kutchire. Izi oyambirira kukhwima zosiyanasiyana, kuchokera chodzala chiyambi cha kupsa ndi masiku 100 basi. Per mita lalikulu anabzala kwa zomera 9. Kutalika kwa chitsamba cm 50. Care kumachepetsa tithe kumvetsa kumasulira kwake nthaka, Kupalira, kuthirira (madzi ofunda) ndi kudya.

zipatso, pang'ono ribbed, adzakhale mpaka magalamu 140 kulemera, wofiira, kugonjetsedwa ndi akulimbana, chabwino kudya mwatsopano saladi. Zokolola za makilogalamu mpaka 9 m'tchire, amene, ndithudi, zimapangitsa otchuka phwetekere "White kudzazidwa". Reviews chipatso payokha ndi okweza. Minofu, sweetish, iwo ali oyenera kugwiritsa ntchito osati molunjika ku munda, komanso muteteze ndiponso salting.

Kolasi yakucha kumathandiza kupezeka kwa Phytophthora. Oyambirira nthawi yakucha, kukoma kwambiri za khalidwe zipatso ndi kukana kuti ozizira ndi mphepo kupanga izi ndi wokongola mtundu kukula mu dera Leningrad.

Phwetekere "jini"

Kufotokozera zosiyanasiyana mukhoza kuyamba ndi mfundo kuti amakhala ndi zokolola mkulu - makilogalamu 10 pa mita lalikulu. Iwo akhoza kukhala wamkulu ikayamba kapena pansi lotseguka. Oyambirira kukhwima zosiyanasiyana - masiku 110 kuchokera kumera kwa gestation choyamba. Kutalika kwa chitsamba - mpaka masentimita 60 pa mita lalikulu zidutswa 4 anabzala mbewu zosiyanasiyana monga phwetekere "Gina".

Kufotokozera za mwana wosabadwayo

Kulemera - magalamu 280, mtundu - wofiira, mtundu - ploskookrugloy. makhalidwe Kukumana ndi mkulu yowutsa mudyo, minofu, onunkhira. Kugwirizana changwiro anaonetsetsa yoopsa mkulu youma zili kanthu. Wangwiro kudya mwatsopano ndi kusamala oyambirira. Okhwima peel amalola kwa nthawi yaitali kusunga tomato.

Kuti wabwino ndi oyambirira yokolola tikulimbikitsidwa kumasula nthaka, Kupalira, kuthirira ndi madzi ofunda (osachepera 1 nthawi pasabata) ndi kuthera kudya. Zosiyanasiyana kugonjetsedwa ndi matenda monga Fusarium, Verticillium mufuna.

"Yamal"

Tomato cultivar "Yamal" precocious kwambiri. Kusasitsa kumachitika masiku 85 ndipo zikhoza mpaka chisanu choyamba. Mmodzi wa mitundu otchuka pa alimi a kumpoto. Ndi bwino kukula tomato mu greenhouses.

zipatso ndi kulemera pafupifupi 100 G adzakhale yosalala, wofiira. Mu tomato zokoma kukoma. Tomato konsekonse mu ntchito, oyenera kudya mwatsopano ndi monga akusowekapo kwa dzinja.

Undemanding zosiyanasiyana, kugonjetsedwa ndi nyengo yoipa ndiponso kusowa dzuwa. Kukula yaing'ono chitsamba -. Masentimita 50 pa mita lalikulu zingabzalidwe tchire 7-9. Zokolola ndi mkulu - mpaka makilogalamu 20 pa 1 mita ^2.

Pakuti tomato ayenera kukonza pang'ono, feteleza ndi feteleza mchere, Kupalira, kuthirira, kupalira. Unpretentiousness "yamal", matenda waukulu kukana, zokolola bata, mkulu palatability, kukana kwake kwa nyengo siili kuti zinthu kusankha chabwino kwa oyamba wamaluwa.

"Amber"

Phwetekere "Amber" - oyambirira kukhwima zosiyanasiyana phwetekere. Low (yekha masentimita 35 kutalika), tchire ali oyenera kukula osati m'madera wakunja kwatawuni kutchire, komanso makonde nyumba. Pa tchire zipse tomato chikasu pachiyambi.

Kuchokera mphukira poyamba woyamba zipatso kucha amapita kwa masiku 100. Kusamalira zachilendo, monga mitundu ina ya tomato: Kupalira, kuthirira, feteleza, kupalira. Per mita lalikulu anabzala kwa zomera 9.

Tomato kulemera magalamu 55, awiri - 2.5-3 cm, ozungulira mawonekedwe, yosalala, kapena golide chikasu. zipatso zipse pafupifupi nthawi yomweyo. Zokolola za makilogalamu mpaka 6 pa 1 mita ^2. Iwo ndi kukoma kwambiri. Iwo angagwiritsidwe ntchito mwatsopano ndi kusamala. tomato Yellow adzakhala azikongoletsa tebulo lanu.

Zosiyanasiyana kugonjetsedwa ndi nyengo siili, macrosporiosis ndi Phytophthora. Mbali yapadera ya achire zikuphatikizapo kukhala chinyezi otsika (madzi madzi ofunda dzuwa litalowa), kupalira ndi Kupalira nthaka chofunika nthawi zomera. Phwetekere "Amber" akulimbikitsidwa kulima novice wamaluwa ankachita masewera.

Kusankha olondola a mitundu zimadalira khalidwe ndi kuchuluka kwa zokolola, processing ake yake kapena yaitali atetezedwe. Guide ndi tomato ntchito: ntchito mwatsopano tomato, akusowekapo kwa dzinja, luso kusamutsa mayendedwe zipatso kupirira zinthu yaitali yosungirako, etc ...

Regionalized phwetekere mitundu ndi oyenereradi kulima mu mabacteria ena nyengo. Izi mitundu panopa mmene anawasiyanitsira amathandiza wamaluwa kusankha yoyenera kupereka zokolola khola la tomato mu chigawo chilichonse cha dera Leningrad.