Mingrelian zochitika m'mbiri ya Soviet Union

March 5, 1953 kufa mtsogoleri wa dziko la Soviet Union, Iosif Vissarionovich Stalin. Pa imfa yake ndipo anauza atolankhani, andale komanso ngakhale nawo zochitika zambiri. Kusamvana zinthu zabwino kapena zoipa nthawi ya ntchito Stalin mpaka lero. Chidwi sanali kwambiri chidziwitso ngati maganizo. Choncho ndikofunikira taganizirani nkhani mwatsatanetsatane Mingrelian, amene zifukwa zoonekeratu, Stalin sanathe kumaliza.

Baibulo la Inde Stalinist anayamba ndi chakuti Party Congress akuyamba mtsutso kaya zinali zoona Mingrelian mlandu Beria.

Pa nthawi imeneyi ya mbiri Soviet wamphamvu zapiringizana mavuto dziko la Soviet Union, lomwe apeza malo awo pa mbali zonse za Caucasus Mountains. Anthu m'dera lagawidwa mabanja, pakati limene kwa zaka mazana nkhondo. mphamvu amachita achinyengo sanathe kuthetsa mavuto a anthu. Ndi chifukwa cha ichi posachedwapa anapezerapo mlandu Mingrelian, mwachidule anafotokoza mu mizere.

Stalin kum'mwera

Chakumapeto kwa chilimwe cha 1951 Iosif Stalin anatumiza kum'mwera mu tchuthi womaliza mu moyo. Iye anali mu Tskhaltubo, pamene izo zifika ku nduna ya boma (MGB) la Chijojiya SSR Nikolai Rukhadze. Kukambirana anatembenukira pa emigration wa Mensheviks la Georgia. Komanso, Rukhadze ananenanso za chivundi mu Chijojiya Soviet Socialist Republic, maganizo chilengedwe cha thupi wapadera kulimbana ndi ziphuphu.

Mwa njira, mafunso awa munaukitsidwa patsogolo ndi Stalin kunawatsekera pamaso pa nthawi yonse ya nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse. "Leningrad Lonse", "mlandu wa sunagoge mobisa" mu mzinda wa Novokuznetsk ndi zina zambiri yokopa kuponderezedwa ndi milandu zina kosalimba, koma pa nthawi yomweyo awo maziko odana ndi ziphuphu sanathe umboni.

Mingrelian zochitika limayamba ndi chakuti pamene malembedwe aantchito chikusesa MGB Rukhadze Georgia kuloŵedwa anaika kukana koopsa mlembi wachiwiri TSKKP (b) la Chijojiya SSR Mikhail Baramia ndi Lavrenti Beria, amene anali wachiwiri Stalin.

Inayamba nkhondo pakati Rukhadze ndi mipiringidzo

Pakati Mihailom Baramiey ndi Rukhadze akuyamba nkhondo yeniyeni. Zofuna zinalengedwa kutumiza mtumiki panopa kusiya ndipo adzaweruzidwa ndi ambirimbiri milandu. Mayesedwe Rukhadze chichitike mu 1955, pamene Beria ali kuphedwa, ndi Stalin afa. GB nduna ya Georgia wasankha tipezekemo thandizo la Mtsogoleri Wamkulu, zinali chinthu chabwino kwambiri.

November 9, 1951 masamba chigamulo chimene walandira udindo wa "Bribery mu Georgia ndi za gulu odana ndi chipani mipiringidzo." Ngakhale miyeso anatengedwa kuti ukatangale, zotsatira zimatheka izo sizinali choncho zinalembedwa m'mipukutu ya chisankho. Komanso ananena kuti zida za mphamvu mu Georgia nchoipa ndipo amatiteteza ziphuphu.

Komanso chigamulo limanena kuti ngati gulu Mingrelian adzakhala atangokanidwa yoyenera, pangakhale anthu atsopano amene adzapitiriza ntchito yawo, mwina ochokera m'madera osiyanasiyana m'dzikoli. Mu nkhani iyi, Party Communist la Georgia, zikuoneka kuti usathe zidutswa zingapo.

Mingrelian zochitika wotchedwa chifukwa, mogwirizana ndi boma la Georgia gulu inkakhala makamaka a Mingrelians. Baramia, Rapava, Shonija, CHICHINADZE ndi Kuchava asiye ntchito. Iwo adapempha kuyamba propaganda ntchito ndi iwo.

mafunso

Anayamba zofufuza ndi mndandanda wa kumangidwa, amene anabweretsa ku Moscow anakumana antchito a MGB. kuwafunsa kunachitika mu kalembedwe kuti zikufanana kwambiri Beria ndi Rukhadze: ntchito zosiyanasiyana kuonetsetsa kuti wozengedwa anapereka kuvomereza onyenga. Choyipitsitsa cha anthu onse amene ntchito kukakamiza thupi: mkaidi kwa nthawi yaitali atakhala mu chipinda ozizira, kupotoza manja ake ndi Pachionetsero china chotere, kumenyedwa ndi ndodo, mosatsata kugona kwa nthawi yaitali, njala, ndi zambiri. Analandira "umboni" anapita pamwamba, kenako anavomereza chigamulo pa udindo wa Party Communist mu Chijojiya SSR. Iwo ankanena kuti mu Georgia, zolakwa ndi zolephera mu ntchito ya aboma kusuntha pang'onopang'ono.

Mingrelian zochitika anasonyeza kuti gulu kutsogoleredwa ndi Baram anakonza takeover. Pa March 27, mlembi woyamba wa CC CP (b) Candide Charkviani ntchito, ndipo malo ake atengedwa ndi Alexei Mgeladze. Iwo anali ankaganiza kuti kusintha mwamwambo chabe boma, komanso wachinsinsi Charkviani mdani wa anthu anali kupanga izo Lavrenty Beria, amene analimbikitsa iye malo wakale ntchito.

Beria sanayese n'komwe kuti asamvere pempho Mtsogoleri Wamkulu, ndiye mwalawo udzamugwere pansi pa maso a pofufuza. Komanso anamangidwa Vardo Maksimelishvili amene ankagwira Major State Security la Georgia ndi linali pansi pa zothandizira mipingo yawo ya Lavrenty Pavlovich. Kufufuza anasiya mwamuna wake, amene ankagwira ntchito ku MGB. July 16, 1953 Beria anavomereza kuti iye anakhala ndi Maksimelishvili pamaso iye anakwatiwa.

Kufufuza kufuna kupita ku mkulu wa Samegrelo, koma Iosif Stalin atamwalira. Beria, amene walunjika Unduna wa za M'dziko wa USSR, kukhazikitsa komiti kubwerezanso zinthu zambiri, kuphatikizapo Mingrelian. Izi zinali zofunikira kuti amasule anthu odzipereka kwa kuwabwezera ku malo pamwamba komanso kutenga mphamvu manja awo, osati Georgia komanso boma lonse.

Kumasula anthu, Beria ananena kuti Stalin panokha anawatumiza ku mapeto. Komanso, amaganizira Georgia, kufunsa za patsogolo mlanduwu Mingrelian kusonyeza wosakhutira. mtsogoleri anafuna kuti ntchito miyeso thupi, potsiriza afike kuzindikira lapansi.

zotsatira

April 10, 1953, izo anazindikira kuti Mingrelian gulu sankakumana ndi kuti mlandu wake unali kanthu koposa akatiputa a. Makumi asanu ndi awiri anamangidwa pa mlandu wa anamasulidwa ndi kwathunthu asintha khalidwe lawo, koma ambiri a iwo kachiwiri otsekeredwa mu ndende, koma mu nkhani ya Beria.

Beria ndi anthu ake anatha kulenga mphamvu zoterozo Georgia, mbali zoipa zimene wakhala ponseponse mu USSR. Kumene, pali vinyo ndi Stalin, popanda amene "berivschina" sakadalola inatenga nthawi yaitali. Podziteteza tikhoza kunena kuti anali Stalin yemwe anali woyamba kuthana ndi ugliness mu boma la Georgia.