Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio. ntchito zake, mfundo zosangalatsa za moyo wake

"Bakasi", "Lute Player", "The Entombment" - Zojambula onsewa amadziwika kuti connoisseur aliyense wa zojambula akale, analengedwa ndi Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio. Ntchito za Mlengi, amene yathandiza yaikulu pa zomwe kupenta, wangwiro ndi lambiri, zikuoneka kuti iye anakhala ndi moyo zaka 100 ndipo anamwalira ali 39. Kodi timadziwa bwanji munthu ichi, amene m'nthawi ndi ana anatulukira nkhani zambiri, nthawi zambiri izo ziribe kanthu kochita ndi choonadi?

Childhood ndi unyamata

Ngati ofufuza sindikulakwitsa, mu 1571 mu yaing'ono m'tauni Chitaliyana anabadwa wanzeru mlengi wa Caravaggio. Ntchito anawalenga mu zaka zoyambirira za moyo, mwatsoka, ife siinafike m'nthawi yathu. mnyamata anabadwa mu banja la wamanga olemera, koma patatha zaka 6 a zaka bambo ake anamwalira, amene anatenga mliri (malinga ndi zina, malungo).

Kale kwa zaka 13 chakhala bwino mmene angathe kupenta ndi Caravaggio. Idzayamba monga mlengi kuganiza pa Simone Petertsano, umene 1584 anavomera kutenga mtsikana mphatso yomwe wake maphunziro. Michelangelo imene wophunzira zaka 6 zokha, monga 1590, iye sanali ndi mayi ake, komanso anamwalira ndi matenda. Mnyamatayu analandira gawo lake la zolowa nalowa ndi ufulu.

Ntchito za wojambula Caravaggio okongola, koma mlengi awo yekha anali sachedwa zosiyanasiyana zopindika, komanso zina zambiri anthu kulenga. Iye ankakonda kucheza nthawi lakeyo njuga, kukonza wochezeka kumwa. N'zosadabwitsa ku Rome, chithunzicho anakapezeka popanda khobidi mu thumba lake.

wakuda lamizeremizere

Zaka zoyambirira za moyo mu City Wamuyaya alephera Caravaggio. Ntchito olembedwa mu nthawi ino sangathe adzatchedwa bwino. Mu zambiri za izi zinali zamanja wonyozeka, mitundu amene anali kugwira ntchito mu situdiyo wa munthu wina Sichiliano. Asavulaze umphawi wojambula n'kukumana iye m'chipatala. Wochiritsidwayo, iye, patapita kanthawi, abwerera kumka ku chipatala anthu osauka, Kalanga yothothola kavalo.

Pambuyo kuchira, iye akukana kuthandiza Ogulitsanso ndi kuyesera kugwira ntchito paokha. N'zotheka kuti mmisiri patapita hiatus yaitali anabwerera kudzoza, kuyambira mu nthawi iyi amalenga nsalu zokha ayi monga "Kayuschayasya Magdalina", "wam'bwebwe akuneneratu tsoka." Kenako, ofufuza adzawaitana mwa ntchito zabwino za Caravaggio. Zaluso (zojambula) kuti amuthandize kupeza wake woyamba woyang'anira lalikulu, amene akukhala Cardinal Monte.

Senor otchuka osati zinakambirana nawo chakudya, komanso amaonetsetsa makasitomala ake wolemera, amene amalola Michelangelo kuyiwala za mavuto a zachuma. Ulemerero wa Mlengi chikamakula, ndi wakuda lamizeremizere pa.

nkhani lapamtima

Ntchito za wojambula Caravaggio ndi povuta kuti kusokoneza ndi Nsalu zojambulidwa za akatswiri ena Komabe luso akhale. Chosintha amasiya nthawi mwambo wa idealization a nkhani zachipembedzo. M'nkhaniyi ndi moyo mwa zojambula ake amaoneka ngati anthu enieni. Iye akufotokoza Greek ndi Roman milungu, atumwi m'Baibulo, ofera.

Aliyense khalidwe anapatsidwa mosachotsera anatsindika paokha, ngati anagwira chilengedwe chake cha Caravaggio. Ntchito, kulenga namatetule kugunda sewero lawo chibadidwe, kupanga chidwi. Osati makasitomala onse amavomereza kuti mutenge madongosolo awo, powona zotsatira. Omenyana kuti "chikhalidwe" kupenta ngakhale zambiri amayesedwa chosayenera chithunzi mfiti.

zaluso Caravaggio

Kodi chopereka zinapangidwa ndi wojambula mu chitukuko cha kupenta? Iye akutchedwa zosiyanasiyana bwino. Komabe, polemba chinenero - ngati anali yapamwamba mpaka ntchito za Caravaggio ntchito. kupenta Italiya (ndipo kenako dziko) wakhala amatilimbikitsa zikomo latsopano mumaganiza kuti Michelangelo. Iye anavutika ndi miyambo ya Mitundu kugawaniza, kusonyeza "otsika kunama" ndi "mkulu" azimuth.

kupenta dongosolo kuti alowemo ndi wojambula pa nthawi yapadera. Iye anatsindika kutsogolo, kukwaniritsa kuunika pake. Background anakhala asanawonetseredwebe, unprepossessing. Chotero ya anapereka zotsatira kuwala chiyerekezo. Zinaoneka kuti zinthu anakhala ndi moyo mu zojambula za Caravaggio. Works, yonena za Mlengi - zonse akusonyeza kuti iye maola ntchito pa kujambula kwa mbali zochepetsetsa zimene zimaoneka zonyozeka koyamba.

M'nyengo yoyambirira ya zilandiridwenso

Wojambula kulenga zojambula yake yoyamba kudziwika, atenge mbali ya Albucasis potsutsana miyambo anakhazikitsa imene sataya komanso m'tsogolo. Mu nthawi kuchokera 1591 mpaka 1995, Analenga ngati zojambula wotchuka ngati "Lute Player", "Bakasi," "Mnyamata ndi zipatso." Mwa njira, Hermitage - ayenera kukaona malo amene mukufuna zolembedwa mu nthawi iyi ya ntchito Caravaggio a. Gallery amapereka alendo mwayi amasirira "Lute-Player".

zojambula onsewa kunyadira za malo mu cholowa luso la Michelangelo, pamodzi njira kusankha otchuka. Monga ulamuliro, iwo ndi anthu "a khamulo." Caravaggio mokondwera atamukoka zithunzi za anthu wamba wamng'ono, akulodza chibadwidwe ndi pa kukongola nthawi yomweyo akhakula, kumapitiriza chithunzi cha mnyamata "wa anthu" pepala. Iye moonekeratu kuti oimba ndi msewu mavenda, Roma ndi dandies.

Mafanizo wotchuka wojambula ndi mutu wa chiwawa, umboni umene ndi zojambula monga "Judith ndi Holofernes", "Nsembe ya Isaki". Ena mwa zojambula ake ali zithunzi chiwawa, ngakhale mantha, monga wolemba amalipira amadza pazipita chilengedwe.

ntchito mochedwa ziboliboli

Zojambulazo, lomwe Mulungu analilenga pa zaka zomalizira za moyo wake, komanso ali wa mtengo wapatali. Mwachitsanzo, iye analemba mkombero webs, amene akukhala mbali yaikulu Mateyu Woyera. Wotchuka wa iwo - "The Maitanidwe wa St. Mateyu". Uthenga nthano akubwera ndi moyo shabby chipinda pang'ono, ophunzira zochitika wotchuka ndi ankakonda namatetule wa anthu pakati pa anthu. Amalenga ndi ena zoyenera phunziro la Caravaggio ntchito, moyo ndi imfa ya St. Mateyu mobwerezabwereza kumugonjera.

Njira yopita ku Imfa

Ngakhale kuzindikira ndi kupereka talente imodzi ya mbuye pa moyo wake, zaka zingapo zapitazi iye anakhala kubisala kuboma. Michelangelo mobwerezabwereza akuona kuti ndende, mlandu wa milandu yosiyanasiyana. Kupha munthu duel, iye mwamseri akuchoka Rome, kuyenda kuchokera ku mzinda. Pakuti nthawi wojambula amathera mu Malta, ngakhale akudutsa accolade, anapita ku Naples. Imfa amakumana naye mu zaka 39 zakubadwa, nkhaniyi afika malungo.

mfundo zosangalatsa

Chithunzi - si onse amene ali kuti m'nthawi yathu ya Caravaggio. Ntchito, kudzilemekeza wekha zithunzi akhoza kukuuzani zambiri za iye, koma ofufuza Kafukufuku imfomeshoni kokwanira kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, amadziwika kuti Italian anali asanamvepo wokwatira, wosasiya mbeu. Akukhulupirira kuti iye ankaikira akazi okhaokha mabwenzi, amene mwa njira zina anatsimikizira chikondi chake chifanizo cha amuna osaval kumtunda wamng'ono.

N'zochititsa chidwi kuti moyo ndi imfa ya Caravaggio anaipanga kanema, linatuluka mu 1986. Mu udindo wa munthu, amene wojambula ndi chibwenzi, mu tepi ikunena Shon nkhokwe. Paliponse, kupatula kupenta "Caravaggio", wosewera sanali kusewera kuposa kugonana ndi amuna anzanga.

Today Nsalu zojambulidwa ndi Caravaggio, sikutheka kuti tikhale. Koma aliyense wa iwo adzakhala mtengo $ 100 miliyoni akupeza izo kwa yobetcherana.