Maphunziro a gasi ndi mafuta: zomwe zimaphunzitsidwa, zida komanso ndemanga

Mu geology, pali gawo lomwe limafufuza masango ndi kupanga ma hydrocarboni mu matumbo kuti asayansi agwiritse ntchito zolosera za kuchuluka kwa ndalamazo ndikusankha njira za kufufuza kwawo, kudziwa momwe angakhalire. Ndipo ntchitoyi yonse yothandiza ili m'munda wa geology wa mafuta ndi mafuta. Ana ambiri akusukulu akale amaona kuti ntchito ya akatswiri a sayansi ya zamoyo ndi yodalirika, motero akuyesa kupeza chipatala chophunzitsira chomwe chidzawatsogolera bwino pa nkhaniyi. Nkhaniyi ikukuuzani za mabungwe apamwamba apamwamba a maphunzirowa, komanso za ntchitoyo.

Zolinga

Ntchito ya geology ya mafuta ndi mafuta ndi zonse zomwe zimaphatikizapo kuphunzira ma hydrocarboni, mapangidwe awo, malo okhalapo (omwe ali pafupi ndi geochemistry), mawonekedwe a zochitika, madzi omwe amagwirizana nawo, zikhalidwe zomwe amapanga ndi kugwa, momwe amachitira malo ndi malo omwe amakhalapo Sungani, komanso mawonekedwe awo. Cholinga chachikulu cha kuphunzira ndi kupanga ndi kusonkhanitsa ma hydrocarboni.

Ma geology ndi mafuta monga sayansi anabadwira kumayambiriro kwa zaka za makumi awiri, pamene zinakhala zotchuka kwambiri: injini yoyaka moto inayambika yomwe inkafuna ma hydrocarboni kuti idye chakudya, ndipo idayamba kufalikira padziko lonse lapansi pakuchita mapangidwe. Makina ndi magetsi, magalimoto ndi ndege zinafuna mafuta ambiri ndi mafuta a mafuta, omwe amatanthauza mafuta ochulukirapo. Zinatenga zaka makumi angapo kuti golosi ndi mafuta athe kudziwana bwino ndi kupanga njira zopezeramo.

Ufa

Kwa iwo omwe sali okondwa kwambiri ndi ziphunzitso ndi zowonetserako, momwe mazira a hydrocarbon akuwonekera pambali ya mchere, momwe madontho a madzi amadzigwiritsira pansi pang'onopang'ono ndi ma hydrocarboni olimba kapena mafilimu opangira mchere kapena polymineral mu mawonekedwe a makina, ndi bwino kupita ku Ufa Training Center "Gasi" Mafakitala a zamakono "kuti apange ntchito yothandiza mofulumira komanso mogwira mtima. Anthu ena amaphunzira za geology, geology ya mafuta ndi gasi kuti aganizire zazomwe zimayambira, zikuluzikulu, zilembo zowonongeka ndi magulu osakanikirana, kufufuza ma deposits ndi deposits, mafuta ndi mpweya wa mabasi ndi madera, mabatani ndi nodes.

Izi ndi zochititsa chidwi, koma nthawi yaitali, monga ophunzira. Ku Ufa n'zotheka kupeza zofunikira m'madera a geology wa mafuta ndi mafuta osiyana kwambiri: kubowola, ntchito yabwino, zipangizo zapadera, mafuta ndi gasi, kukonza ndi kukonza, ntchito yothandizira ntchito ndi kukweza malo, chitetezo cha chilengedwe ndi mafakitale, Economy ndi zomera zamagetsi, sankhani ntchito mu chitetezo cha magetsi kapena chitetezo cha pamsewu. Zonsezi zikugwiritsidwa ntchito ku geology ya mafuta ndi gasi.

Zofunika

• Wothandizira bwino mafuta ndi gas.
• Kupalasa mafuta ndi zitsime za mafuta.
• Woyendetsa galasi (gasi ndi mafuta).
• Chosoka (kusungirako zida zokoola).
• Woyendetsa (kuyesa bwino).
• Woyendetsa (kuyimitsa bwino).
• Wothandizira ma laboratory (mankhwala kusanthula).
• Wothandizira-wothandizira.
• Welder-rigger.
• Vyshkomontazhnik.
• Wachigwirizano wamagetsi.
• Wothandizira wothandizira (opitirira).
• Driller (kutsegula zitsime).
• Wogwira ntchito (pansi pamtunda wokonza).
• Operekera (kukonzekera zitsime za pansi pa nthaka ndi kukonza kwakukulu).
• Wogwiritsira ntchito magulu (kusungirako zipangizo zamagetsi ndi mafuta).
• Woyendetsa (kutsuka).
• Wogwira ntchito.
• Woyendetsa (kumangiriza unit).
• Katswiri wamagetsi (malo osungiramo zolemba).
• Wogwiritsa ntchito (kupopera siteshoni).
• Wogwira magalimoto (mchenga-mchenga-kusakaniza unit).

Ndipo ambiri, ambiri. Kuti mudziwe zambiri zokhudza maphunziro a gesi ndi mafuta, muyenera kulemba ku Training Center "Mafuta a gasi": Ufa, ul. Ulyanovy, nyumba 56 B.

Moscow

Russian State University ya Mafuta ndi Gasi. Gubkin adalemekezedwa kuti si yunivesite yowunikira yunivesite, koma ndi flagship - yunivesite yapamwamba ya maphunziro a mafuta ndi gasi ku Russian Federation.

Pali mayunivesite ena a geology yamagetsi, koma mbendera ndi imodzi. "Gubkinites" amadziwa paliponse ndipo amayamikira kwambiri. Ndizotheka kufotokoza kwa nthawi yaitali momwe geology ndi geophysics yabwino ya mafuta ndi gasi zimaphunzitsidwa apa, koma mwachidule nkhani ndi zovuta kubisa ngakhale chinthu chofunika kwambiri.

Mapulogalamu

Pali mapulogalamu asanu ndi awiri omwe amapanga makina osindikizira amisiri, mapulogalamu asanu ndi limodzi mu makina ovomerezeka ndi makompyuta, maulendo anayi mu makalata ndi maulendo a madzulo, anayi pa chilengedwe ndi zipangizo zamakono, komanso anayi pa chipangizo choyambitsa mafuta ndi mafuta. Ophunzira atatu amaphunzira ku Faculty of Management and Economics, awiri ku Faculty of Pipeline Transport, ndi ena atatu ku Faculty of Geology and Geophysics of Oil and Gas ...

Ngakhale kungolemba zonsezi ndizovuta. Iwo amaphunzira ngakhale bizinesi yamagetsi yapadziko lonse pa bungwe lapadera pansi pa mapulogalamu awiri. N'zosatheka kufotokoza za zochitika zonse za kuphunzitsa, choncho zidzakhala zovuta kumusungirako, zomwe zimaphunzitsanso ntchito, ndipo imayang'anira ntchito yake yaikulu.

The Museum

Mu malo osungirako zinthu zakale muli malo asanu ndi atatu owonetserako zochititsa chidwi, ndipo chidwi chawo ndi Nametkin Oil Chemistry Museum ndi Hall of Labor Glory, yoperekedwa kwa mafakitale a mafuta ndi mafuta. Pano, sitepe ndi sitepe, mukhoza kufufuza mbiri ya mafakitale onse a mafuta ndi gasi. Ndi pazifukwazi kuti wophunzirayo amadziwika ndi kufunika kwa ntchito yosankhidwa, ndipo chofunikira kwambiri, ndiko kulondola kwa kusankha kwake.

Pano, malingaliro apamwamba ku bungwe la maphunziro apamwamba amapangidwa, ndipo ziphunzitso za geology ya mafuta ndi gasi zomwe zaikidwa kale pamaphunziro ziyenera kufunikira kubwezeretsedwa kwa chidziwitso, luso ndi luso. Pamodzi ndi zofuna zapamwamba, nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale imabweretsa mbiri yodzidzimutsa, kukonda dziko, mzimu wachinyama ndi kunyada kukhala m'banja labwino la "Gubkinites", lomwe likuwonekera mu ndemanga zawo ndi ophunzira.

Samara

Mu yunivesite ya Samara State Polytechnic pali bungwe la sayansi ya zamagetsi, ndipo mumapangidwe ake muli dipatimenti ya geology ndi geophysics, kumene aphunzitsi 23 amagwira ntchito, kuphatikizapo ofuna 10 ndi madokotala a sayansi. Pano pali malo ochita kafukufuku wamtsogolo, omwe ali kale pabwalo la ophunzira amadziwa zomwe geology ya masamba ndi mafuta ndi, pamene akuphunzira litholo za mafuta ndi mafuta omwe ali ndi chida.

Utsogoleri wa maphunziro umagwiritsidwa ntchito pa geology (molingana ndi mbiri), ndipo zaka zisanu wophunzira adzalandira chiyeneretso cha katswiri. Palinso sukulu yophunzira kumene geology ya mafuta ndi gasi imaphunziridwa mozama kwambiri. Bungweli limagwirizana ndi mabungwe angapo ndi makampani ogulitsa mafakitale, kumene ophunzira amaphunzitsidwa bwino ndipo nthawi zambiri akamaliza maphunziro awo ku yunivesite akupitiriza kugwira ntchito.

Kumene angapeze omaliza maphunziro

Awa ndi OAO Samaraneftegeofizika, OOO Sterkh, Samara NIPINeft, Samaraneftegaz ndi mabungwe ena omwe amakhazikika bwino. Pafupifupi onse ophunzira amapatsidwa ntchito za mafuta zomwe zikufunidwa, ndipo pali zoposa 170, zomwe zimagwira ntchito ku makampani akunja ndi achirasha, komwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa mafuta ndi gasi.

Zapadera ndi zokondweretsa kwambiri, ophunzira amadziwa kuti amaphunzira mosangalala, choncho - bwino. Ophunzira ambiri akhala akukhazikika m'mayunivesite a SNIIGGiMS ndi SB RAS, ku Rosneft, Gazprom, LUKOIL, Total, Schlumberger, Petrobras ndi makampani ofanana. Komiti Yovomerezeka ya SamSTU ili ku Samara pa Pervomaiskaya Street, nyumba 18.

Tyumen

Yunivesite ya Tyumen State ya Mafuta ndi Gasi imakhalanso ndi dipatimenti yotchedwa "Geology ya Mafuta ndi Gasi." Pano, akatswiri oyendetsa migodi amodzi akuphunzitsidwa, omwe amagwira ntchito pakufufuza, kuyang'ana, kufufuza ndi kupanga ntchito zokhudzana ndi mafuta ndi mafuta.

Amafufuza ndi kuyendetsa njira yonse yopangira ndalamazo, kuyesa malo osungirako zinthu ndi zowonjezera za mchere, kuyesa miyala ndi otola mafuta ndi mafuta, komanso kubwezeretsanso zinthu zakale zomwe zinakhazikitsidwa ndi mabasi ndi mafuta. Amawonanso teknoloji ya ntchito ndi migodi, ndi kubowola.

Institute

Maphunziro apadera akuphunziridwa apa - tectonics, geology, geochemistry ya gasi ndi mafuta, geology, mafuta ndi gas geology, geophysics, njira zapamwamba za kafukufuku, kusungirako kulingalira, kulingalira zamagetsi, makompyuta a geological modeling ndi zambiri, zambiri. Komabe. Mu ma laboratories omwe ali ndi zida zokwanira, zochitika zenizeni zowonjezera zinapangidwa.

Institute of Oil and Gas Geology (tsopano IGiN, Institute of Geology ndi Mafuta ndi Gasi Yopanga Gasi) ndi malo aakulu kwambiri a yunivesite, yambiri yamakono komanso yodalirika kwambiri. Pali madera 8 ndi ophunzira opitirira 7,000. Mapulogalamuwa ndi ofunikira kwambiri, ndipo mu nyumba yophunzitsa pali aluso atatu, madokotala 63 a sayansi komanso ambiri ofuna.

Khanty-Mansiysk

Pano pali yunivesite yotchedwa Ugra State University, yomwe idapangitsa maphunziro ambiri a mafuta ndi mafuta kuti asapangidwe, pakati pawo osati apamwamba okha. Makhalidwe ake pali nthambi zisanu - masukulu apamwamba a mafuta: Langepas, Lyantorsk, Nefteyugansk, Nizhnevartovsk ndi Surgut. Madera amenewa ndi olemera kwambiri m'ma hydrocarbons, choncho pamakhala malo ambiri ophunzitsira akatswiri a maphunziro.

Pa Dipatimenti ya Boma la Mafuta ndi Gasi, mukhoza kuwerenga malemba awa:

• Kusungirako ndi ntchito ya mafakitale.
• Kusungirako ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamakono mu mafuta ndi mafuta.

Kufufuza

Omaliza maphunziro omwe aphunzira pulogalamu ya bachelor akugwira ntchito:

• Njira ndi luso lamakono yomanga, kukonzanso, kubwezeretsa ndi kumanganso gasi ndi zitsime za mafuta panyanja ndi pamtunda.
• Zipangizo zamakono ndi zamakono zogwiritsira ntchito kayendedwe ka hydrocarbon ndi kayendedwe ka madera.
• Njira zamakono ndi zamakono zamakono oyendetsa galimoto ndi mafuta, komanso kusungirako ma hydrocarboni pansi pa nthaka.
• Njira zamakono ndi zamakono zogulitsa ndi kusungiramo mafuta, mpweya wamadzi ndi mafuta.
• Zida ndi zipangizo zowonongeka, zomangamanga, kubwezeretsa ndi kumanganso zitsime za mafuta ndi mafuta pa nyanja komanso pamtunda.
• Njira zamakono zowonongeka, zomangamanga, kubwezeretsa ndi kumanganso gasi ndi zitsime za mafuta.
• Zida zopangira mafuta ndi mafuta, kukonzekera ndi kusonkhanitsa zinthu zam'madzi panyanja komanso pamtunda.
• Njira zamakono za mafuta ndi gasi yopanga.
• Zida zogwiritsira ntchito masitepe pamtundu wa ma hydrocarboni.
• Zida zoyendetsa galimoto ndi mafuta, gasi yosungiramo gasi (kuphatikizapo pansi).
• Zida zogulitsira ndi kusungiramo mafuta, mpweya (wothira mafuta, kuphatikizapo) ndi mafuta odzola.
• Zolemba zamakono, zamakono ndi zolemba.

Mukhoza kuphunzira pokhapokha mkati ndi kunja komwe, zomwe zili kuchokera kumbali yomwe ophunzira amaphunzira. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'makampani a mafuta a Yugra (Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Area): OOO Gazpromneft-Khantos, Surgutneftegaz, RN-Yuganskneftegaz ndi ena.

"Nyumba ya Mafuta"

Mu Khanty-Mansiysk, malo osungiramo zinthu zokha omwe anthu onse amapezeka ndi geology ya mafuta ndi gasi. Apa ndizotheka kudziwa bwino komanso mwatsatanetsatane mbiri ya chitukuko cha Western Siberia mu gawo la mafuta ndi mafuta. Kusonkhanitsa zitsanzo za mchere ndizopadera komanso zopindulitsa kwambiri. Pali zinthu zopitirira 35,000! Ndipo sizingatheke kuti pamalo ena munthu amene sali okhudzana ndi ntchito ya mafuta ndi gasi akhoza kudziwa bwino njira zomwe amagwiritsira ntchito mafuta ndi geologists.

Nyumba yokhayo mu dongosolo la zomangamanga ndi yapadera kwambiri. Nyumbayi ikufanana kwambiri ndi mankhwala a quartz (malinga ndi nthano, quartz nthawizonse yakhala chizindikiro cha chuma mwa anthu am'deralo). Ndipo mkatimo pali zinthu zambiri zosangalatsa. Koma chofunikira kwambiri - chifukwa cha sayansi ndi njira zovomerezeka za nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale, pali kugwirizanitsa nthawi zonse ndi nyumba zosungiramo zinthu zakale za Autonomous Okrug yonse, kubweretseratu chiwonetserocho, kuphunzitsa antchito.