Mavotolo (chomera): kufotokoza, kubereka, kusamalira, chithunzi

Pogwiritsa ntchito magulu, makamaka m'malo othuthuka, khwangwala amawoneka bwino. Chomera, chosadziwika pa nthawi ya maluwa, chimapeza yokongola maonekedwe pafupi ndi autumn, pamene ili ndi chowala chowala chofiira, zoyera kapena zakuda zipatso.

Kufotokozera za chomera

Imakhala yosatha, yomwe imatha kufika mamita 1, yomwe imapezeka makamaka m'nkhalango zosakanikirana kapena zamchere, m'mitsinje yamchere. Masamba ake akuluakulu atatu ali ndi zobiriwira zobiriwira ndipo amapanga nsalu zokongola. Mu June, chomeracho chimawonekera maluwa owala oyera. Mavotolo amatanthauza zomera zomwe zimagwira ntchito ndi zipatso zawo. Kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa August, umakongoletsedwa ndi maburashi akuluakulu owala kwambiri. Pazifukwa zabwino pamtunda umodzi mukhoza kukhala maburashi angapo. Zipatso za voronets ndizoopsa.

Mitundu

M'dera la Russia, pali mitundu itatu ya zomera.

1. Phokoso lofiira. Amakondweretsa mchere wochepa kwambiri wautomoni komanso dothi lonyowa. Nthambi ya nthambi imayambira mpaka 70 masentimita mu msinkhu mawonekedwe okongola okongola. Zipatso zimasiyana ndi zobiriwira, nthawi zambiri zoyera ndi zipatso zochuluka. Zowonjezeka kwambiri mu gawo la Ulaya ndi Asia la dziko lathu, m'dera lamapiri. Zowonongeka zofiira chisanu, zimatha kuzizira popanda pogona. Zikuwoneka bwino mmagulu a magulu omwe amapangidwa m'malo othunzi.
2. Voronets akunena. Amadziwika ndi makina atatu amphongo ndi nsonga za masamba, ndipo nthawi zina zimatha kufika masentimita 50 m'litali. Zipatso zofanana ndi mtola zimakhala ndi mtundu wakuda.
3. Ma Voronets ndi ma spiky, kapena, monga amatchedwanso, Voronec imatuluka. Mitundu imeneyi imapezeka nthawi zambiri. Pamwamba zimayambira zowonjezera, pansi pamakhala ndi mamba ofiira. Zipatso zamitundu yambiri ya Berry zimaonekera mu August-September.

Kubalanso

Olima munda amagwiritsa ntchito, monga lamulo, njira ya vegetative pofalitsa Voronets. Ndi bwino kuthana ndi masika oyambirira. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuti musamalire chomera nthawi zambiri, chifukwa nthawi yowonjezera mutatha kuika nthawi yayitali. Ndipo mpheta yokha imalira ndi chomera chomwe chimakhala ndi zochepa zobeleka. Choncho, zimaphatikizidwa ndi mbewu zomwe zimafuna kukonzekera kusanafike kutentha kwa madigiri 1 mpaka 3 kwa miyezi itatu. Kukula kumamera mu chipinda chofunda mokwanira. Mu chilengedwe, chomerachi chimayambitsidwa makamaka ndi mbewu. Kufalitsa mbewu kumathandizidwa ndi mbalame ndi zinyama zambiri. Mbande zimakhala pang'onopang'ono - zaka ziwiri zokha mutabzala zimayamba kumera. Maluwa amayamba kokha pambuyo pa zaka 3-4.

Kukula ndi kusamalira

Mavotolo - chomera wodzichepetsa. Ndikofunika kuti nthaka ikhale yachonde komanso yonyowa, koma iyeneranso kukula kwa osauka omwe akulemba ndi kuyanika nthaka, koma, mwinamwake, ndondomeko ya chitukuko idzakhala pang'onopang'ono. Muzowonjezereka bwino mbewu idzakula mofulumira ndipo idzakondwera ndi zipatso zambiri zobala. Kwa iye, dothi losasunthika la dothi ndi loyenera, losakanizidwa komanso lolemera mu zakudya. Mzu wa mbewuyo ndi wosazama, kotero kuti zina zomwe zimabzala kuchokera kumudziko sizikuvutika. Mankhwalawa safuna kubwezeretsa fission, kupatsirana, koma ngati pali chosowa, ndiye kuti sizingakhale zovuta.

Zomera zazing'ono sizimasowa chidwi cha mlimi, kupatula kuthirira nthawi yamvula. Ngati ali pafupi ndi mitengo ndi zitsamba, ndiye masamba ogwa, ovunda, amagwiritsa ntchito zakudya zowonjezera. Mitengo yachinyamata, yomwe idabzalidwa bwino, imayenera kukhala namsongole, nthawi zonse kuthirira madzi ndi kuyendetsa nthaka pafupi nawo. Mankhwalawa amakhala ndi chisanu, choncho amalekerera nyengo yozizira bwino, popanda malo ogona.

Kuchiritsa katundu

Ngakhale kuti mbali zonse za Voronets zili ndi poizoni mwa iwo okha, mphamvu zake zothandizira thupi la munthu zakhala zikudziwika kale. Ndikofunika kuwona zofunikira kuti musayambe kupha poizoni, zomwe zingathe kutsagana ndi kunyoza, kusanza ndi kukhuta kwa chidziwitso. Chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa zomera zambiri za alkaloids, vitamini C, trans-aconitic acid, saponins ndi mafuta ochuluka, amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochizira matenda a mtima ndi machitidwe apakati a mitsempha, ndi kuwonjezereka kwakukulu ndi kufooka kwathunthu kwa thupi. Voronets ndi chomera chomwe chimadziwika kuti chimatha kuimiritsa kupanikizika, kumanga tulo, kumasuka m'mimba minofu, ndi zina zotero. Pali zotsatirapo pa matenda a matenda monga khansa yosagwidwa m'mimba. Pafupifupi zigawo zonse za zomera izi zimachiritsa katundu.

Muzu umathandiza anthu odwala mphumu, komanso umagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthetsa zovuta kumamva pakusiya msambo, kuchedwa kwa msambo, chifuwa cha TB, matenda a khungu. Kudulidwa kwa mankhwalawa kungachiritse dzino. Zipatso ndi masamba a zomera zimalimbikitsidwa kuti azigwiritsa ntchito pochizira matenda a mimba, mimba ndi zilonda za m'mimba komanso ngati wothandizira. Masamba a zionetsero amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chifuwa cha ziphuphu za khungu.

Kuti machiritso akhudze bwino kwambiri, ndikofunika kuti mukolole izi kapena zigawo zina za zomera. Ndibwino kuti mukolole udzu mu May kapena June. Dya zokololazo mumthunzi pansi pa awning, kupewa dzuwa lachindunji. Mizu ikhoza kukolola kumayambiriro kwa masika ndi m'dzinja. Rhizomes amadzikuta ndi kutsukidwa bwino pansi ndi kuwonongeka, kenaka amaumitsa mumayake wapadera pa kutentha kosapitirira 40 ° C.

Gwiritsani ntchito khwangwala ngati mankhwala ayenera kukhala osamala kwambiri, chifukwa chakuti chomerachi ndi chakupha ndipo chingayambitse poizoni ngakhale muzouma.

Contraindications

Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa mankhwala pogwiritsa ntchito vononets kumatsutsana ndi amayi omwe ali ndi pakati ndi omwe akulera, ana aang'ono. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa molakwika kungayambitse zilonda za khungu, kuwonongeka kwa mucous nembanemba, kusanza ndi kupuma pang'ono.

Mu malo okonzedwa, khwangwala amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri. Zithunzi za zojambula ndi chomerachi zimasonyeza momwe wopambanayo alili wabwino pamunda wamaluwa ambiri. Kumapeto kwa chilimwe, pamene zomera zambiri zatsiriza maluwa, zipatso za Voronec zimakondweretsa diso ndi kukongola kwawo, kukongoletsa m'munda ndi kuwonjezera mtundu wa minda ya maluwa.