Nyanja urchins - okhala kuya

Pa kuya kwa nyanja ndi amenewa zikuluzikulu moyo nyama chodabwitsa - urchins nyanja. Izi arthropod kukwawa ali wa gulu la echinoderms. Hedgehog thupi yaing'ono (3-30 cm), yokutidwa ndi mbale Mbali yokhala ngati chipolopolo amene ogwirizana osiyana pamodzi kutalika la singano. N'zofunika kwa kayendedwe ka nyama. Maso zili thupi chapamwamba.

Mu chikhalidwe, pali nyanja urchins ambiri osiyanasiyana utoto: wofiira, woyera, wakuda, wobiriwira, buluu, zofiirira, wofiirira ndi imvi. Ena mbalame kusintha mtundu malingana phokoso yozungulira. Chiwerengero cha zikhomo, malinga ndi zida zomatira ndi pamtunda thupi, zikhoza kukhala zikwi zambiri. Iwo amatha kutambasula ndi mgwirizano, kotero kuti nyama mosavuta zimatuluka malo malo, komanso kuyenda ovuta lapansi. Pakamwa, omangika khungu zofewa, wapangidwa ndi awiriawiri asanu mbale anamaliza kutafuna, m'mbali mwa amene ali makutu kunja. Nyanja urchins ndi ziwalo wapadera wa mgwirizano - sferidii. Iwo zili kuzungulira pakamwa. Kanyama ali prehensile ziwalo wapadera - pedicellariae ili pakati masingano lapansi. Amawapatsa chakupha madzi mutu opangidwa ndi zopangitsa wapadera. Animal ululu ndi poizoni kwambiri. Ndi kuti hedgehog kumenyana ndi adani. Komabe, izi si ntchito pedicellariae - zikomo kwa iwo, hedgehog aisadza thupi lanu zinyalala ndi Mankhwala oipitsa osiyanasiyana, mzinda nyama, ndi transmits ku kamwa.

Arthropods moyo pa yakuya mamita teni, makamaka pafupi moti matanthwe ndi madzi m'mphepete mwa nyanja. Ngakhale kupezeka kwa zosiyanasiyana kuteteza (singano pedicellariae, zida), nyama zambiri amakodwa nyama zikuluzikulu monga nyanja nkhanu, nsomba, nkhono, nyama zam'madzi ndi mbalame.

Kubereka anthu ayamba pambuyo M'chaka chachitatu cha moyo. maselo nyongolosi mu arthropods lili chotulukira. urchins mtundu nyanja zikhoza kukhala chaka chonse. Komabe, ambiri a nyengo mating amapezeka nthawi ofunda a chaka. Popeza nyama za m'madzi ndi dioecious, kuswana hedgehogs ndi motere: wamkazi amaikira mazira m'madzi osaya, ndiyeno amuna manyowa. Mamiliyoni a maselo wamwamuna nyongolosi ndi testicular panamveka ndi arthropods m'madzi, maora pang'ono kuwasandutsa mikanda ting'onoting'ono TACHIMATA ndi ulusi woonda. Ndiyamika kugwedera awo, mazira amatha atembenuza ndi kusuntha mbali zonse. Patapita kanthawi mphutsi ndi kusinthidwa: anatambasula, kupanga woonda kwambiri Mbali yokhala ngati mafupa ndi anayi ndondomeko yaitali. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, mazira kutaya buoyancy awo akale, ndi kuwatengera uko mu madera osiyana. M'nthawi ya kuyendayenda ndi metamorphosis amapezeka. M'tsinde mwa njira ndi pleutusah likakhazikitsidwa komanso akufotokozera ting'onoting'ono kanyama. Panthawi imeneyi, ndi larva akutsikira pamwamba pansi kapena ena, populating danga latsopano. Anaonekera mbali yoyamba mwamphamvu Ufumuyo miyala, ndi nyama akuyamba mwachangu kukula.

Mu maiko a m'mphepete mwa nyanja kanyama ndi mitundu chandamale. M'mayiko Mediterranean kwambiri makamaka zakudya umuna nyama ndi mazira. Komabe, izi ndi arthropod ali munthu ngozi zina. Kusambira mu nyanja, ndipo mwangozi kuponda pa hedgehog ndi, kungachititse kuti phazi. Kubaya khungu anthu, masingano ndi sachedwa kutha, kusiya thupi la nsonga chakupha. Choncho pali ululu mpaka kalekale maola angapo. Njoka ena oimira mtundu uwu ndi poizoni kwambiri.

Komabe, ubwino wosatsutsika ndi urchins nyanja. Iwo amatchedwa orderlies wa nyanja, chifukwa umatha kuyamwa carbon dioxide, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwake mu mlengalenga. The zamkati mwa nyama amagwiritsidwa ntchito makampani mankhwala kulenga mankhwala.