Begonia: kuberekanso mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zomera

Begonias amakhala m'mphepete otentha ndi otentha. Mitundu yambiri imamera m'nkhalango zam'madera otentha, mumtambo ndi kutentha. Mitundu ina ya begonias imakula m'mapiri: mwachitsanzo, ku Asia ndi Himalaya Kummawa. Mitundu yayikulu kwambiri ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zomerazi imapezeka ku South America, kuwonjezera, imapezeka ku Africa ndi Asia, pazilumba za Indian Ocean. Amaperekedwa monga mitundu yonse yosatha komanso yosatha , udzu ndi shrubby.

Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mitundu ya mitundu ya begonias. Amagawanika pa begonia maluwa okongola komanso okongoletsera begonia, chipinda ndi kulima pamalo otseguka ndi pamapangidwe, komanso mawonekedwe a mizu - begonias tuberous, ndi okhuta rhizome kapena fibrous mizu.

Pakalipano, mitundu yoposa yokwana yokongola yokha ndi yosakanizidwa ya chomera ichi imadziwika. Ambiri mwa iwo, makamaka masamba okongoletsera , masamba ali ndi mawonekedwe osakanikirana komanso osakongola. Maluwa mwa mitundu imeneyi nthawi zambiri sagwedezeka, yaying'ono kwambiri. Mitengo yamaluwa yokongola kwambiri, makamaka imodzi mwa otchuka kwambiri, begonia, nthawi zonse maluwa, maluwa awo ndi ochuluka kwambiri moti imachepetsa kukongola kwa masamba.

Begonia, yomwe imatulutsidwa yomwe sizingatheke m'zinthu zonse, imafalitsidwa ndi cuttings, komanso masamba ndi ziwalo zawo. Njirayi ndi yofunikira, mwachitsanzo, kwa begonias Diadem, nthawi zonse maluwa, mfumu, begonius Mason. Mitundu ya claonia ya begonia , yachifumu, tsamba lofiira, kuwonjezerapo, kuchulukana ndi kugawa chitsamba kukhala mbali. Mbewuzi, n'zotheka kukula begonia-leaved ndi ofiira-ofiira, zitsulo, zowoneka, angular, komanso mitundu yotchuka kwambiri omwe amamera pamalo otseguka ndi matabwa - tuber begonia. Monga tikuonera, mitundu yonse ya zomerazi ili ndi njira zambiri zoberekera ndipo mayankho a funso la kufalitsa begonia angamveka mosiyana.

Begonia nthawi zonse maluwa imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mipangidwe yamaluwa ndi makonde. Amamva bwino poyera. Izi begonia, zomwe zingachuluke m'njira zingapo, amakonda dzuwa ndi nthaka yabwino. Nthawi iliyonse ya chaka, begonia imayamba kuphulika imatha kufalitsidwa ndi cuttings: imakhala yolimba mizu. Pofuna kutulutsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya begonias, masamba ndi ziwalo zawo amagwiritsidwanso ntchito. Pofuna kumera pepala la begonia, likhoza kuikidwa pansi nthawi yomweyo ndikuyang'ana kamodzi pa sabata. Mayesowa athandizanso kuzindikira nthawi yake ngati ikuyamba kuvunda. Chotsalira cha pepalacho chatsekedwa bwino. Musanabzala pansi, tsambali likhoza kukhazikika m'madzi kwa milungu iwiri. Nthawi zina zimabzala pansi ndi mbali za masamba, kugwa pang'ono. Kamodzi pa sabata amafunika kutsukidwa ndi mizu yolimbikitsa. Majeremusi amawoneka mkati mwa mwezi.

Mitengo ina yodziwika, yomwe imamera pamalo otseguka - begonia ndi tuberous. Izi begonia, zomwe zimapangidwa ndi thandizo la tubers, mbewu kapena cuttings, chifukwa nyengo yozizira imasinthidwa mu dziko la mpumulo. Popeza mphukira zake zimafa ndi kuyamba kwa m'dzinja, zimayenera kudulidwa. Tubers ayenera kusungidwa kutentha kwa + 8-12 madigiri Celsius. M'chakachi amawonekera amawonekera. Mphukira isanafike msinkhu wa masentimita asanu ndi asanu ndi asanu ndi umodzi, timer nthawi zina imadulidwa mzidutswa zingapo kuti ikule zomera 4-5 kuchokera pamenepo. Njirayi imathandizanso kukonzanso mankhwalawa ndikupanga maluwa a begoni. Mitengo yonse imatsanulidwa ndi ufa wonyezimira malasha, zouma komanso kutumizidwa kuti zimere.

Tuber-begonia begonia, yomwe kubereka kwake sikumakhala kovuta kwambiri, nthawi zambiri imakula kuchokera ku cuttings. Kwa iwo, mungagwiritse ntchito mphukira za tuber, zomwe nthawiyi ziyenera kukulira zosachepera 10-12 masentimita. Mbali za mphukira, monga tubers, zimawazidwa ndi makala ndi zouma. Amadzika mizu m'madzi kapena osakaniza mchenga ndi peat. Pambuyo pa rooting, a cuttings akhala. M'dzinja, amawombera okha kuchokera ku tubers (osati kuchokera ku mbewu!) Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupeza cuttings. Amadula kumapeto kwa mwezi wa August ndi kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa September, akuwombera pansi mu miyezi yonse yozizira. M'nyengo yozizira, cuttings akhoza kufa pang'ono ndi kutayika masamba, koma izi ziri mu dongosolo la zinthu. Mu kasupe amabzalidwa miphika yosiyana.

Pokumbukira zenizeni za izi kapena zinyama, mudzatha kufalitsa chomera ichi nokha. Ndiyeno maluwa okongola a begonia, omwe amawathandiza - ntchito yosavuta, nthawi zonse amakondweretsani ndi masamba ambiri komanso masamba okongola.