Zisudzo za chotheka. Funani cholinga m'moyo, kapena kumenyana ndi mfundo za

Kuyang'ana mwa zisudzo za ena playwrights, monga Ezhena Ionesko, mukhoza kutseka kukumana ndi chodabwitsa mu zojambulajambula monga zisudzo za chotheka. Kumvetsa zimene zinathandiza kuti zikamera wa kukuchititsa zimenezi, m'pofunika kubwerera ku mbiri ya 50 ntchentche Mu zaka zapitazo.

Kodi zisudzo za chosakondweretsa (chotheka sewero)

Mu 50 koyamba panali zisudzo, chiwembu cha zomwe omvera ankaoneka analikodi kwathunthu. Waukulu mfundo za masewero anali kupatuka wa munthu ku malo ochezera ndi thupi. Kuwonjezera pa ntchito pa siteji zisudzo anapeza kuphatikiza mfundo atakwatirana.

Latsopano masewero Anagwetsanso malamulo onse a masewero ndi sanamuzindikire ulamuliro uliwonse. Choncho, ukutsutsidwa miyambo yonse chikhalidwe. Izi latsopano ed chodabwitsa, amene mwa njira zina anakana alipo kuti chikhalidwe ndi maulamuliro, anakhala zisudzo za chotheka. Maganizo amenewa anali woyamba ntchito ndi zisudzo wotsutsa Martin Esslin yekha mu 1962. Koma ena playwrights sanagwirizane ndi mawu amenewa. Mwachitsanzo, Ezhen Ionesko anapereka chodabwitsa atsopano otchedwa "zisudzo kunyozedwa."

History ndi Sources

Pamizu ya ina yatsopano anali angapo French ndi chimodzi Irish wolemba. Kutchuka kwambiri anatha kupambana wowerenga Ezhen Ionesko ndi Semyuel Bekket. Zimathandiza kuti chitukuko cha mtundu wanyimbo monga anachitira Zhan Zhene, ndi Arthur Adamov.

Zamasewero ku lingaliro chotheka zinachitika koyamba kwa Ionesco. Wolemba wina ayesa kuphunzira chinenero English, pogwiritsa ntchito buku yophunzira payekha. Zinali ndiye kuti anaona kuti ambiri mwa dialogues ndi chidole mu buku incoherent kwathunthu. Iye anaona kuti mawu wamba amabisala zambiri absurdity kuti kaŵirikaŵiri kumachititsa ngakhale mawu anzeru ndi ovuta mu tanthauzo.

Komabe, kunena kuti malangizo latsopano kumatanthauza yekha playwrights angapo French, izo sizingakusangalatseni ndithu. Chifukwa cha absurdity za moyo wa munthu existentialists kwambiri kunena. Kwa nthawi yoyamba nkhaniyi mokwanira yapangidwa Camus, kukopa kwambiri pa ntchito imene anali F. Kafka ndi F. Dostoevsky. Komabe, kuzindikiridwa ndi kubweretsa zochitika za zisudzo chotheka ndi Ionesco, ndi S. Beckett.

Features wa zisudzo latsopano

Monga tanenera kale, khalidwe lomwe latsopano paluso zisudzo anakana chakale sewero. Mbali wamba akhala mmene iye;

- wi zinthu zimene azikhala mu sewerolo ndi chowonadi;

- maonekedwe wosanganiza Mitundu tragicomedy azithunzithunzi melodrama zomvetsa chisoni farce - yomwe inayamba m'malo "woyera";

- kugwiritsa ntchito mu chuma cha zinthu zomwe zimachitikira maluso ena (kwayara, Kuyesezera, nyimbo);

- zotsutsana ndi miyambo kanthu zazikulu pa siteji, monga izo zinaliri kale mu chiphunzitso chakale, watsopano malangizo a malo amodzi ofala;

- mmodzi wa kusintha akuluakulu uliri la zamasewero la chotheka, ndi zilembo chuma chatsopano: kuganiza kuti kulankhulana wokha, chifukwa anzanga musamvere ndi salabadira cue mzake, ndi chabe amaloweza monologues awo mu opanda munthu.

mitundu ya absurdity

chakuti malangizo atsopano mu zisudzo anali oyambitsa angapo, anafotokoza magawano chotheka ku mitundu:

1. nihilistic absurdity. Izi mankhwala kale E. Ionescu ndi Hildeskhaymera. masewero awo kusiyana ndi chakuti kumvetsa subtext la masewera mu ntchito ndi omvera sangathe.

2. The mtundu wachiwiri wa absurdity amasonyeza chisokonezeko chonse ndiponso ngati mmodzi wa ziwalo waukulu, munthu. Mu mtsempha ichi, ntchito zinalengedwa mwa S. Beckett ndi A. Adamu, amene ankafuna kutsindika kupanda mogwirizana moyo wa munthu.

3. satirical absurdity. Monga zimaonekeratu dzina lokha oimira kukuchititsa zimenezi Dürrenmatt, Grass, Frisch ndi Havel anayesa kunyoza absurdity a dongosolo chi chikhalidwe ndi zolinga anthu.

ntchito kiyi wa zisudzo wa chotheka

Kodi zisudzo za chotheka, omvera anaphunzira pambuyo mu Paris linayamba kuonetsedwa ndi "dazi woimba" analembadi Ionesco ndi "Kudikira Godot" ndi S. Beckett.

Mbali khalidwe la kupanga "The woimba dazi 'kuti munthu ameneyo akanayenera kukhala mbali yaikulu, powonekera sizinayambe. Pa siteji, pali anthu okwatirana awiri okha amene zochita malo amodzi kwathunthu. malankhulidwe awo losemphana ndi wodzala clichés, zomwe zina akuonetsa chithunzithunzi cha absurdity a dziko. Chotero incoherent, koma mmene mwamtheradi otchulidwa chidole mobwerezabwereza mobwerezabwereza. Language, lomwe chikhalidwe chake cholinga kuti kulankhulana mosavuta, kusewera okha kumathandiza izo.

Mu sewero Beckett a "Kudikira Godot" awiri otchuka anafooka kwathunthu ndi kuyembekezera nthawi zonse ndi zina Godot. Osati zokhazo, khalidwe sizinayambe lonse kanthu, komanso palibe amene akuwadziwa. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti dzina la khalidwe lachilendo amagwirizana ndi English mawu a Mulungu, ie, "Mulungu." Zimphona adakumbukira makombo disjointed a moyo wake, pambali, iwo nako kumverera cha mantha ndiponso nkhawa, chifukwa zochita kuti amateteza munthu si.

Choncho, zisudzo wa ziwonetsero chotheka kuti tanthauzo la moyo wa munthu akhoza anapeza Ndipotu, kuti amvetsetse kuti sizimatanthauza.