Massachusetts, USA: likulu, zokopa, malamulo osangalatsa, chithunzi

Pamene anthu a Mayflower anatsika pachilumba cha Cape Cod patatha masiku 65 akuyenda pa November 21, 1630, mosakayikira anayesera kuwoneratu chiyembekezo ndi mantha zomwe zidzachitike padziko lapansi, lomwe tsopano ndi Massachusetts, boma la North America . Posakhalitsa anazindikira kuti malo a Provincetown anali osayenera pa moyo, ndipo patatha masabata asanu ndi limodzi anawoloka malowa ndipo anakhazikitsa mzinda wa Plymouth. Koma kuchoka kwawo sikunaphedwe ku Provincetown, ndipo tsopano ndi malo otchuka a chilumba.

Gombe la Bohemian

Malinga ndi anthu okhalamo, mzinda wa Provincetown, Massachusetts, ndi mzinda waukulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Panopa pali anthu 3,000 800 okhalamo. Koma m'chilimwe chiwerengero cha anthu a tauniyi chikuwonjezeka pafupifupi kawiri - mpaka 35,000. Chakumapeto kwa zaka zana (mu 1899-1900) mzindawu unali gawo lalikulu kwambiri lopangira dziko lapansi.

Ziyenera kuzindikira kuti mizinda yonse ya boma la Massachusetts ndi yapadera mwa njira yawo. Provincetown sizinali zosiyana. Ndi yapadera m'njira yake, monga chilumba cha Key West ku Florida. Kuti mumvetse mzinda uno, muyenera kuyendera ndikuwona zonse ndi maso anu.

Mwachidule

Oyendayenda anabwera kuno mu 1620, osati ku Plymouth. Pokumbukira chochitika ichi chophimba chokongola chinakhazikitsidwa. Anamangidwa mu 1910 pa zopereka za ana a sukulu komanso ndalama za boma. Lero, iyi ndiyo malo apamwamba pa Cape Cod. Kuchokera kutalika mamita 160, mawonekedwe okongola amatsegulidwa kumbali yonse. Mu nyengo yabwino, mukhoza kuona njira yonse kuchokera ku Boston ndi Plymouth. Pansi pa phiri ndi nsanja pali chitsimutso, kumene oyendayenda oyambirira akufika ku New World. Provincetown amadzikonda kukhala woyamba.

Kuthamanga kwa nyanga

Massachusetts ndi boma ku USA. Aulendo oyambirira anabwera kuno, ndipo inali yoyamba yokhalapo, ndipo zaka 25 zapitazo, ming'oma yoyamba idawonedwa kumeneko. Izi zinachitika motere. Omwe ali ndi zida zazing'ono zotumiza makampani oyendayenda kuti azitenga nsomba. Atawona nyenyezi zambiri, alendowo anaiwala za nsomba, iwo ankayang'ana pa zimphona za m'nyanja. Mmodzi wa akalonga, El Eveler, adaganiza zokonzekera maulendo a kuwonetsa nsomba. Ichi chinali chiyambi cha makampani okaona malo ogombe lakummawa. Masiku ano, malo osungirako alendo otchedwa Massachusetts akubweretsa ndalama zambiri ku peninsula.

Cape Cape Cod

Malo osungirako zachilengedwe a National Park komanso nyanja ya Cape Cod amatetezedwa ndi National Parks za US. Malo onsewa ali pafupi mahekitala 17.5 zikwi. Ndi makilomita makumi asanu ndi limodzi mphambu zisanu kuchokera kumtunda wamphepete mwa mchenga wambiri, madzi ambiri okhala ndi madzi oyera, ndi madzi amchere ndi mchere. Kuphatikizanso apo, pali nyumba zambiri zamakedzana komanso malo oyendamo. Kumbali zonse za cape ndi mabungwe khumi ndi awiri akale a New England, mabombe awo, zisumbu, mipando, zipilala za chotengera chilichonse - kuchokera ku mabwato ang'onoang'ono kupita kumalo otchuka a anthu olemera ndi otchuka.

Pakati pa Boston ndi New York

Pogwiritsa ntchito nsomba zoopsa mu 1914, munamangidwa ngalande yodutsa, yomwe inadutsa pamtunda. Ndipotu, linasanduka chilumba chomwe chimagwirizanitsa ndi dziko lapansi ndi madoko atatu - njanji ndi misewu iwiri. Chaka chilichonse, kudzera mumsewu, ngalawa pafupifupi 20,000 zimapita, zomwe zimakhala pafupifupi magalimoto okwana 8,000, osachepera mamita 20 m'litali, kuphatikizapo mabomba okhala ndi ngolo, sitima, zombo zowonongeka, ndi zina zotero.

Njirayi ikukuthandizani kuti muchepetse njira ndi makilomita 217, motero kuchepetsa nthawi yoyendayenda ndi mafuta, zimakupatseni kudutsa zombo kupyola madzi amtunda mmalo momangirira kapepala. Pambuyo pake, panali ngalawa zambiri chifukwa chowombera kawirikawiri ndi choko zambiri. Komanso, malo awa ndi malo a mpumulo wa federal. Choncho, chaka chilichonse anthu ambiri amabwera kuno, alendo okwana 3 miliyoni kukachita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kusodza, kuyendetsa njinga komanso kusambira.

Malo oyang'anira ntchito ya Plymouth

Pambuyo pa chilumba cha Cape Cod ndi malo otsiriza omwe abwera kudzafika. Awa ndiye mzinda wa Plymouth, Massachusetts. Mzinda wawung'ono wamphepete mwa nyanja, kotero kukhala wodekha pakali pano, umanyadira zapitawo. Mwala wa Plymouth ndi malo omwe amwendamnjira akufika. Mzindawu uli ndi zipilala zambiri ndi zipilala zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi anthu oyambirira, kuphatikizapo masamba a Mayflower. Koma chowoneka chofunika kwambiri m'mbiri yakale ndikumayambiriro zakale kwambiri ku America.

Tsegulani nyumba yosungiramo zinyumba

Alendo ambiri ochokera padziko lonse lapansi, akufunitsitsa kuphunzira za mbiri ya anthu oyamba ku New England, amakopera Plymouth, Massachusetts chaka ndi chaka. Malo otchuka ku Plymouth Plantation, malo owerengeka a mbiri yakale, akubwereranso chithunzi cha malo oyambirira a chikoloni m'zaka za zana la 16.

Society of Pilgrims inakhazikitsidwa mu 1820 polemekeza chaka cha 200 cha kubwerako kwa anthu oyambirira ku Plymouth. Anthu ambiri mumzindawu anali ndi zinthu zomwezo. Chiyambi cha kutsegulidwa kwa nyumba yosungiramo nyumba, chomwe chinaperekedwa ndi akuluakulu a boma, anthu okhala mumzindawu anathandizidwa kwambiri. Nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale inamangidwa ndi kutsegulidwa mu 1824. Pali zinthu zomwe zimayambira pachiyambi cha maphunziro a US. Alendo ku nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale akhoza kuona zinthu zenizeni zomwe zinali zoyamba za anthu oyambirira okhala mu 1620. Zina mwa ziwonetserozo ndi Baibulo la William Bretford, mtsogoleri wa dziko la Plymouth, losindikizidwa mu 1592; Nkhondo yamakedzana ya Miles Stendisch, yomwe tsamba lake "1573" linalembedwera, ndi zinthu zina zambiri zamakedzana.

Likulu la boma la Massachusetts

Mzinda wa Boston, womwe ndi likulu la dziko la New England, unakhazikitsidwa pa September 17, 1630. Malingana ndi Charles Dickens, ndibwino kuti mutenge chitsanzo kuchokera mumzinda uno. Anthu a ku America akutcha Boston, Massachusetts (onani chithunzi mu nkhaniyi), wophunzira wabwino kwambiri mumzindawu. Zakachitika kuti iye analidi woyamba m'zonse. Mu 1635, Boston anatsegula sukulu yoyamba ya boma ku United States, ndipo amamasula. Chaka chotsatira mzindawo umatenga ophunzira a ku America ku Harvard University. Massachusetts, America, ili ndi nyumba yoyamba yosindikizira ndipo yoyamba m'nyuzipepala ya US "Boston News". Kunyada kwakukulu kwa Boston ndi njanji yoyamba ku America. Mu 1876, wolemba Boston Gemm Bell kwa nthawi yoyamba m'mbiri ya anthu anadutsa mawu pa waya.

Chikhalidwe ndi Zikondwerero ku Boston

Mzinda uno kwa nthawi yoyamba adalandira mwambo wodabwitsa wa Chaka chatsopano. Kuyambira m'chaka cha 1976, pamayambiriro a ojambula a mumsewu wa Boston, mwambo wokondwerera Usiku Woyamba unayambira. Chikhalidwe chake chimakhala kuti anthu amakana kumwa mowa pa December 31. Lero, Massachusetts ndikunyadira kwambiri izi. Boma linapereka mobwerezabwereza kuti lizitsatira mwambo umenewu m'madera ena a United States, koma ntchito yochititsa chidwi ya Boston inalibe chidwi ndi mayiko ena, mwinamwake pachabe.

Alendo okacheza ku Boston adzakondwera ndi zokopa zakutchire. Choyamba - Cathedral ya Holy Cross. Ichi ndi chachikulu kwambiri cha Katolika ku New England. M'madera a Boston - Belmonte - pali malo ena ochititsa chidwi. Ili ndi kachisi wa Boston wa Mpingo wa Yesu Khristu wa Otsatira a masiku Otsiriza. Zina mwa zokopa ndi Old Church Church, Royal Chapel ndi Church Street Park.

Kuyambira m'chaka cha 1897, mwambo wotchuka wamakono wapachaka unachitikira ku Boston. Osati kokha okhala ku Boston, komanso ma marathoners ochokera m'mayiko ena ndi makontinenti amalowa m'mitundu.

Zoopsa za Boston

Anthu a ku America ndi anthu onse padziko lapansi akulira kwambiri chifukwa cha ziphuphu zomwe zinachitika pa Boston marathon pa April 15, 2013. Panali tsiku loopsya kuti ziphuphu ziwiri zinachitika, zomwe zinayambitsa miyoyo ya anthu atatu. Anthu opitirira 260 anavulala mosiyana kwambiri. Ena mwa iwo sanali ochita nawo mpikisano wokha, komanso owonerera, kuphatikizapo ana.

Malamulo a Massachusetts

Zimadziwika kuti boma lililonse ku North America lili ndi malamulo ake. Nthawi zina amathandizira kwambiri kulamulira malamulo ndi dongosolo, ndipo nthawi zina amamwetulira.

Nazi zina mwa malamulo okondweretsa kwambiri a boma la Massachusetts, kuphwanya kumeneku kungachititse kuti anthu azidzudzula kapena kuyendetsa bwino:

• Ndikoletsedwa kumwa mowa m'mabungwe azachipatala omwe akukhalapo.
• Pambuyo pa maliro a tsiku, kugwiritsira ntchito masangweji oposa atatu kumaloledwa mwapadera mmawa wotsatira.
• Nzika za ku Massachusetts zimaloledwa kuseka ndi zitseko zatseka.
• Simungathe kugona musanayamba kusamba.
• Ana akhoza kugula ndudu, koma simungathe kuwasuta.
• Lamulo limaletsa kugonana ndi mkazi pamwamba.
• Amuna pa utumiki wa tchalitchi cha Sande amayenera kukhala ndi manja ang'onoang'ono nawo.

Kuphatikiza pa malamulo onse a boma la Massachusetts, palinso zomwe ziyenera kuwonetsedwa mumzindawu. Kotero, ku Boston, saloledwa kusewera violin, kukunula mtedza mu tchalitchi, kuvala zidendene pamwamba pa masentimita asanu ndi awiri. Komanso ndiletsedwa kwa anthu a m'tawuni kuti akhale ndi agalu oposa atatu. Ku Boston, mungapeze chidzudzulo chaufulu kapena kupeza chilango cha chigamulo choti mutenge madzi osambira pamodzi ndi mwamuna ndi mkazi. Malamulo okondweretsa mumzinda wina wa Massachusetts.

Mzinda wa Hopkins umaletsa kukhala agalu mumzindawu. Izi ndizoyamika ng'ombe ndi mahatchi okha.

Ku Marlborough, kugwiritsa ntchito ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mbiya ya madzi sikuletsedwa ndilamulo . Agalu pa famu ayenera kukhala oposa awiri. Ndipo mu mzinda, zida za nyukiliya sizingatheke .

M'tawuni yaing'ono ya Woburn ndiletsedwa kukhala pafupi ndi malo osamwa ndi botolo la mowa.

M'mudzi wawung'ono wa Nahant, Massachusetts, anthu a mumzindawu amaletsedwa kupukuta misewu yotsekedwa ndi asphalt, komanso n'zosatheka kutsetsereka pamphepete mwa nyanjayi m'chilimwe.

Ndicho, America. Mwalandiridwa ku Massachusetts!