Kutulukira magetsi: mbiriyakale, ntchito, chiphaso

Mmodzi wa zikuluzikulu zofunika kwambiri mu mbiri ya dziko ndi kuyambitsa kwa magetsi. Zinali kupezeka amathandiza lero kukhala lotukuka. Magetsi - mmodzi wa ambiri zachilengedwe wochezeka njira ya mphamvu. Amene ali atulukira zodabwitsazi? Kodi magetsi opangidwa ndi ntchito? Kodi n'zotheka paokha kulenga selo galvanic?

Mbiri ya atayamba mwachidule magetsi

Magetsi anapeza m'zaka za m'ma 7 BC Greece dzina Thales. Iye anapeza kuti acimbadzoza Amber ubweya angathe kukopa ang'onoang'ono misa zinthu.

Komabe, zatsopano zikuluzikulu ndi magetsi kuyambira mu Kubadwa Kwatsopano mu Europe. Mu 1650 Magdeburg meya Von Guericke electrostatic mbewu inamangidwa. Mu 1729 Stephen Gray anali kuyesera kuti kufala kwa magetsi chapatali. Mu 1747 Benjamin Franklin lofalitsidwa nkhani imene onse odziŵika mfundo za magetsi ndi kuika patsogolo chiphunzitso zatsopano kuyisonkhanitsa. The 1785th anapeza lamulo Coulomb a.

1800 kunasintha: Italy invents woyamba Volt DC mphamvu zoyendetsera. Mu 1820 mamita Chidanishi wasayansi Oersted anali wapezeka mu atomu mogwirizana zinthu. Patapita chaka chimodzi, Ampere anapeza kuti maginito ndi kwaiye ndi magetsi, koma osati malo amodzi.

Chotero asayansi aakulu monga Gauss, Joule, Lenz, Ohm anapanga amathandiza kwambiri kuyambitsa magetsi. Chaka 1830th komanso kukhala zofunika, chifukwa chiphunzitso Gauss anayamba kupanga ndi munda electrostatic. Chodabwitsa kupatsidwa ulemu mu atomu ndi chitukuko cha injini zikugwira ntchito pa panopa limabweretsa Michael Faraday.

Kumapeto kwa zatsopano 19 m'zaka za m'ma magetsi zinalengedwa ndi asayansi ambiri, kuphatikizapo Per Kyuri, Lachinov, hedzi, Thomson, Rutherford. Mu zaka za m'ma 20 panali chiphunzitso cha electrodynamics kwadzidzidzi.

Magetsi chikhalidwe

Kupezeka kwa magetsi kuyambitsa anali kwa nthawi yaitali. Komabe, poyamba ankaganiza kuti m'chilengedwe izo kulibe. Koma American Franklin anapeza kuti chodabwitsa mphezi, ndi mwangwiro magetsi m'chilengedwe. Kwa nthawi yaitali, mmene anakanidwa ndi asayansi.

Magetsi ndi zofunika kwambiri m'chilengedwe. Asayansi ambiri amakhulupirira kuti chifukwa mphezi kumaliseche kubala kaphatikizidwe amino zidulo, chifukwa mu moyo Earth zinayambira. Popanda zikhumbo mitsempha thupi silingayende nyama iliyonse. Pali mitundu ya zinthu m'madzi kuti ntchito magetsi monga njira yodzitetezera, kuukira, lathu okhudza malo ndi kufunafuna chakudya.

Kupeza magetsi

Kutulukira magetsi mukopedwe sayansi kupita patsogolo. Chifukwa magetsi kwaiye wakhala kwa zaka zambiri mbewu. Magetsi ndi kwaiye ndi jenereta mphamvu, kenako imafalikira pa mizere mphamvu. Mfundo wa chilengedwe cha panopa ndi kumasulira mphamvu mawotchi mphamvu zamagetsi. zomera mphamvu anawagawa mitundu zotsatirazi:

• mphamvu za nyukiliya;
• mphepo;
• hydropower;
• osefukira kwambiri;
• dzuwa;
• kutentha.

The ntchito magetsi

Kutulukira magetsi imatengedwa ngati anapeza kwambiri, chifukwa popanda sikutheka amakono moyo. Bukuli likupezeka pafupifupi kunyumba ndi ntchito kuunikira, kuwombola nkhani, kuphika, Kutentha, ogwira ntchito zipangizo. Komanso, mphamvu za magetsi koyenera kuti kayendedwe ka trams, mabasi trolley, yapansi, sitima. Ntchito kompyuta, foni kwambiri, N'zosatheka magetsi.

zinachitikira chidwi

Iwo likukhalira kuti selo electrochemical angathe kukhala paokha, ndipo zimenezi mosavuta. njira lotereli m'zaka za m'ma 20.

Choyamba tiyenera kudula mu theka ndi Mpeni mandimu zokwanira pakati. Ndi osafunika kuti asokoneze kapena kuchotsa kugawa pakati pa zigawo ndi. Ndiye muyenera kugwirizana aliyense Lobe kutembenukira kachidutswa kakang'ono wa waya, chingwe 2 masentimita. maselo ayenera Njira nthaka ndi waya mkuwa. Adamtsata malekezero yotundumukira kunja kwa mpanda mawaya sequentially kulumikiza zitsulo waya wa awiri ang'onoang'ono. Choncho n'zotheka kulandira batire. Kodi kuonanso ngati ntchito? Kuti tichite zimenezi, mungathe kuyeza voteji ndi voltmeter a.

Mmodzi wa atulukira zofunika kwambiri m'mbiri ya anthu anali atayamba magetsi. Inayambira tsiku si yeniyeni kudziwika. Komabe, zatsopano ayamba kuchita zambiri wakale Greek wasayansi Thales. phunziro yogwira magetsi anayamba mu Kubadwa Kwatsopano. Popanda izo sizingakhoze kugwira ntchito limodzi zamoyo. Lero, popanda Kutulukira izi, ife pafupifupi simungathe kulingalira moyo wanga. Anthu akhala kuyambira anaphunzira kulandira, zimafalitsa ndi ntchito magetsi.