Kupsyinjika - ndi chikhalidwe choyera cha tizilombo. Tizilombo ta mabakiteriya, tizilombo, bowa,

Mu zamoyo pofotokoza zina lake, kutanthauza kumalo a nyama, bowa kapena zomera, nomenclature ake anayamba kupanga. Izo zimanyezimiritsa yoperekedwa kwa mitundu chimodzimodzi malingana ndi maonekedwe a kafukufuku wakapangidwe kazachilengedwe ndi maonekedwe. Nyama ndi ntchito mfundo kwa mtundu mitundu, malingana ndi luso kupereka ana chonde pa umuna. Komabe, malamulo awa applicable yekha zamoyo izi, pamene tizilomboto sangathe wachinsinsi mu njira iyi.

Lingaliro la kupsyinjika ku tizilombo tosaoneka ndi maso

Chifukwa ambirimbiri zamoyo ndi katundu morphological, koma zosiyanasiyana mbali amuzolengedwa ndi immunological, sikutheka perekani dzina ntchito muyezo nomenclature. Chifukwa, ife kuika chinthu monga mavuto a. Ichi ndi chikhalidwe choyera cha tizilombo ting'onoting'ono kuti akhoza kuzindikira ndi kudzipatula ku malo ena pa ora ena.

Aliyense tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, zimene ziri za mavuto limodzi, ofanana ndi nthumwi zina mwa amuzolengedwa, morphological, majini ndi immunological muyezo. Koma m'kati mwa mtundu womwewo bakiteriya analogies amenewa anaona. Chifukwa mavuto - kwambiri kusintha dzina tating'onoting'ono chikhalidwe. Popeza kuwombola mofulumira chuma majini (masinthidwe) kumabweretsa maonekedwe a zinthu zatsopano mwa mitundu, koma ndi katundu wina, ndi tanthauzo limeneli amalola molondola kwambiri zimaonetsa ndi pathogenicity ndi virulence zinthu.

tizilombo ta bakiteriya

The nomenclature panopa mabakiteriya kuti m'kagulu mitundu ya zamoyo, koma zimaonetsa katundu wawo watsopano. Yotsirizira amaoneka ngati chifukwa cha masinthidwe mofulumira, kupeza katundu watsopano, kuphatikizapo tizilombo anthu, ziweto ndi zomera, komanso tizilombo ting'onoting'ono ena. CHITSANZO Nomenclature Mwachitsanzo E. coli ndi motere: ufumu - mabakiteriya lembani - proteobacteria, Popanga madzi a gamma-proteobacteria kalasi, kuti - Enterobacteriales, banja Enterobacteriaceae. Ndodo - Escherichia, ndi maganizo - Escherichia colli. Komabe, pali mitundu yambirimbiri ya tizilombo zikhalidwe Escherichia colli, naonetsere katundu osiyana. Iwo agawidwa mu mitundu osiyana mabakiteriya ndi dzina lina. Mwachitsanzo, Escherichia colli O157: H7.

Obweretsa E. coli alipo mu intestine anthu ndipo sayambitsa matenda, koma mavuto O157: H7 - tizilombo yekha chifukwa kukhalapo zinthu zambiri virulence. Iye anati matenda enterotoxigenic mliri mu zaka otsiriza 5.

ta tizilombo

Lingaliro la kupsyinjika - wokonzeka kusintha mutu zamoyo ndi katundu yemweyo amene anali olekanitsidwa ndi ndiye kuzindikira anafotokoza dera pa nthawi yakutiyakuti. Ndi ndime zake HIV angathe kukhala ndi katundu watsopano chifukwa kulowerera antigenic. Izi kulenga kupsyinjika latsopano tizilombo kungakhale tizilombo kuposa kholo lake.

Chitani zikamera tizilombo ta latsopano akhoza kukhala chitsanzo cha HIV ndi fuluwenza. Adzaupereka kwa orthomyxovirus banja ndipo amatchedwa malingana antigens ndi (hemagglutinin ndi neuraminidase) HxNy. X ndi Y - ndi phindu M'ndandanda kuwalitsa pamaso pa antigens. Mwachitsanzo - H5N1, ankadziwika kuti mliri aposachedwapa a chimfine nkhumba ndi chibayo mofulumira mwapang'onopang'ono hemorrhagic. Malinga ndi chiphunzitso cha mavuto chifukwa cha kupsyinjika latsopano ndi owopsa angathe monga kulowerera antigenic.

ta Fungal ndi tizilombo ta protists

Tizilombo onse amatha kuumba ndi variable osachepera, ngakhale sayansi awo ndi zovuta. Likuvutika dongosolo zovuta kuposa mabakiteriya ndi tizilombo tina, komanso chifukwa cha kusowa kudya kutengerapo njira majini latsopano mafangasi ta ukuwonjezeka pang'ono. Palinso maganizo akuti latsopano apeza mavuto mafangasi - izo analipo kale thupi, amene si inadza ofufuza.

Nkhani yofanana ndi mu ufumu wa protists. luso lawo mutate zazing'ono, chifukwa n'zotheka kuti tizilombo ta latsopano kuoneka msanga waung'ono kwambiri. Komabe, Mabaibulo atsopano a zamoyo za mtundu zomwezi zimachitika. Chifukwa, zikuoneka, iwo unali kale, koma iwo sanapezeke.