Kumbukirani kuti ghetto a. Ndipo musaiwale ...

Ghetto - theka aiwala m'zaka za m'ma makumi awiri, mawu. potanthauzira ake - dzina la malo Venetian imene alimi Ayuda ankakhala kudzipatula mu Ages Middle. Asezare gawo ili la anthu a mumzindawo sanali osauka, anasankhidwa mwaufulu, ndipo ambiri zimenezi wosakanikirana anthu ake onse, ndi onse Avenetia ena. Ayuda ankaona mfundo wawo ndi musadandaule zimene moyo wa mudzi wawo mwanjira wosweka. Kenaka ndondomeko zasintha moyo mu ghetto Ayuda anakakamizika. Anali pakati pa mpanda, ndipo chitseko linatsekeredwa usiku anayamba.

Ngati mudzapempha chimene ndi ghetto, ndi American, nthawi zambiri amayankha, ndi kumene moyo osauka, makamaka akuda. Kumene, kanthu kochita ndi yaying'ono akale m'madera Ayuda okhala amenewa mulibe, koma dzina munakhala, ndi iwo yaitali nawo, kulankhula za zitaganya ya South Bronx, Harlem ndi Brooklyn.

Komabe, tanthauzo kwambiri yolakwika kuti mawu amamuonera mu zaka za nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse. Nazi ku madera azikhala yomweyo anayamba kugawira ali pansi pa ulamuliro anthu awo pa malo mitundu. Aliyense mumzinda analenga ghetto Ayuda, amene anathamangitsidwa mwa oimira olembedwa mayina a fuko lino.

dera oletsedwa, ankakhala ndi waya waminga, anaikidwa mozungulira posts alonda. Anthu Soviet, amene sanadziwe kuti ghetto amenewa, kodi mukuganiza tsoka zina za anthu a mderali. The ntchito za Administration Internal (capo) anali kukhalabe kuti ndi kunena kwa akuluakulu ntchito chilichonse chimene chinali kuchitika kuseri kwa mpanda. ndi apolisi mkati unakhazikitsidwa. Monga pakati ndi Anazi anthu achiyuda awonongeke, koma kuti ndi mphamvu ya "mafakitale imfa" sizingawakwanire mofulumira "njira lomaliza la funso Ayuda" anafunika mabacteria ena gawo lotetezedwa, kumene anadzudzula ankakhala pa nthawi imeneyo, pamene ili nthawi yawo kufa.

Kutchuka aakulu amene amadza Minsk, Terezin, Kraków ndi Warsaw ghettos, koma iwo anali Kharkov ndi Kiev, ndi Lviv ndi Odessa ndi mizinda ina anagonjetsedwa ndi mdani. The aku mabacteria awa anali mu zinthu wodyerana, njala ndiponso matenda, iwo aphe kapena kuichotsa, tifulumizane agalu nthawi iliyonse. Amene anaona chimene ghetto, musaiwale manyazi ichi konse. Ambiri mwa anthu a m'madera amenewa anatseka anamwalira. Ine anakwanitsa kuthawa okhawo amene anakwanitsa kumasula asilikali Soviet mu adani a Budapest ndi Teresina. Mu Warsaw ghetto m'chaka cha 1943, anam'galukira, limene mopanda chisoni mumtima omangika mwachangu SS battalions. Kumenyana inatenga pafupifupi mwezi. Pambuyo mphamvu kuthamangitsidwa chitetezo, opulumuka anatumizidwa ku Treblinka msasa imfa, kumene sanabwerere.

Mu kwathunthu za kodi ghetto, gulu dziko waphunzira nkhondo itatha. Akaidi ochepa chopulumuka anauzidwa za zinthu zauchigaŵenga ntchito yokakamiza, za kuphana njala, informers ndi pankhondo. Nkhondo si uweme, koma zaka mazana makumi awiri kuti pakhale nkhondo yapachiweniweni kwambiri lonse pamene anthu mamiliyoni anaphedwa basi kubadwanso Ayuda, komanso chiyembekezo kwa gehena anali ghetto.