Kukwera Ermak

Ermolai T. (1537-1585) mpainiya lalikulu la Russian Siberia. Mu mbiri iye amadziwika pansi pa dzina la Ermak. Ermak kukwera akhaphedza mbumba Russian kugonjetsa expanses lalikulu la Siberia ndi chuma. Anali mwamuna wolimba mtima komanso wakhama, yemwe ankadziwa bwino mmene kutsogolera. Lake makhalidwe utsogoleri zinamulimbikitsa osati kusiya chizindikiro chachikulu mu mbiri ya dziko lalikulu, kupambana ulemu adani ake.

Ermak kukwera unakhala kuchokera 1582 mpaka 1585, ndipo iye anaphedwa pa nkhondo ndi Khan Kuchum. Anthu anawoloka ambiri amunamuna nyimbo za iye. Asayansi sanapezeke dzina lenileni la ngwazi za. Ankamutcha Yermolai kapena Ermak Timofeev, chifukwa pamene ambiri Russian anapereka mayina a atate, kapena dzina. Komanso, iye anali nalo dzina lina - izo Ermolai T. Tokmak. Iye anatenga mphamvu kwambiri, moona amunamuna.

Pa nthawi imeneyo, dziko anali ndi njala ndi owonongedwa, kotero ngwazi tsogolo chabwerera kwa Volga, ndipo pali ganyu wogwira chifukwa Cossack okalamba.

Izo zinali mu nthawi ya mtendere ndi mmisonkhano usilikali Ermak anali squire. Iye anaphunzira chosadzikonda chifukwa chiyani, ndipo ngakhale anapeza zida zawo. Posachedwapa, chifukwa luso lawo lathupi ndi maganizo Ermak amakhala mtsogoleri.

Ali Siberia, panali pafupifupi 250 zikwi. Man, ndipo chidwi kwambiri kwa boma la Russia. Kudera limeneli wotchuka chifukwa cha kukongola olemera ndi pristine.

Koma panali vuto lalikulu kwambiri ndi Siberia. Han Kuchum anang'amba zaka zimenezo, kugona ndi Russia ndi nthawi anaukira Urals kuposa anali akulephera chitukuko. The liyambire kum'mawa mkulu wa Ivana Groznogo anakhala wamphamvu, zomwe cholinga chimenechi ndipo anatumizidwa Ataman. Choncho anayamba kulanda dziko la Siberia ndi Yermak.

Ataman asilikali inkakhala asilikali 600, amene anali ndi kukonzekera kwambiri. Cholinga cha ntchitoyi anali atalanda ndi chitukuko cha Siberia. Ermak anali kuchita khama khama pazipita kukwaniritsa cholinga chimenecho.

Zinthu zimenezo, yekha anadabwa kuukira atha kukhala. Nkhondo yaikulu zinachitika Oct. 26 pa Mtsinje Irtysh, kumene Yermak anagonjetsa Chitata asilikali Kuchum wachibale analowa mumzinda Kashlyk - likulu la za Siberia Khanate. Mametkul Khan anathawa poopa chokana, koma kampeni Ermak siinalekezere kumeneko.

Ataman anapambana ukulu Nazim ndipo iye anabwera ndi asilikali ake ku Kolpukolskoy parishi kumene kunali nkhondo ndi kalonga wa Samaria, yemwe anawonongedwa. Patapita Ermak osayanjanitsika ndi Duke wa wotsika ob. kalonga uyu anali kulamulira mderali m'malo mwa Ermak.

Kenaka anagwidwa ndi kutengedwera kwa Siberia yokha Mametkul.

Yogonjetsa dziko la Siberia anapitiriza. Cossacks anamenyana ndi Chitata, mmodzi ndi mmodzi anafa Ermak, amene imeneyi anakakamizika kutumiza ku Moscow 25 asilikali ake, Cossacks kupempha thandizo.

Nkhani choona chodziwika, pamene amuna onse fambani kwa Siberia anapatsidwa ndi mfumu. mfumu wakhululukidwa zigawenga onse akuchita motsutsana State, ndi apikira kuti anatuma kuthandiza asilikali Ermak 300 oponya mivi.

Imfa ya Tsar Ivana Groznogo anasokoneza mapulani onse mtsogoleri, malonjezo mfumu kwa nthawi yaitali sanali anakumana. Development wa Siberia Ermak anali kuopsezedwa, anthu sizimadziwika.

Thandizo linafika, tisachedwe. mayunitsi Cossack ndi nthawi ino zikadzawonongedwa, ndi kapangidwe yaikulu ya asilikali Ermak anabwera kupulumutsa ndi thandizo la asilikali Moscow ndi oletsedwa Kashlyk March 12, 1585. Chakudya si zakubala. Anthu alipo ochepa kwambiri. Army Ermak anali kupeza chakudya chawo. Kutola yoyenera, iye linasokonekera Kuchum anthu Ermak, ndiye anaphedwa ndi mtsogoleri. Choncho anathetsa mapeto omvetsa chisoni a kukwera Ermak.

ft lake lalembedwa kwambiri a nyimbo ndi nkhani. ungwazi wake mobwerezabwereza yatchedwa zosiyanasiyana ntchito zolembalemba. Ojambula zithunzi zojambulidwa fano lake, kupanga ukonde kwambiri. dzina Ermak akhala otchedwa kwambiri malo ambiri pa nthawiyo.

The zotsatira za kugonjetsa Siberia anatsimikizira kwambiri kwa boma la Russia. Pa expanses waukulu anayamba moyo wamba, iwo anamanga mizinda yatsopano, ndi mosungiramo Russian anali zolipira ndalama zambiri - misonkho. Ermak kukwera chinachititsa kuti m'dziko latsopano wolemera ili kuzungulira ngodya ya Urals lapansi.