Kopanda Cathedral wa Moscow Kremlin

Kopanda Cathedral wa Moscow Kremlin - panopa ntchito mpingo Orthodox. Location: Cathedral Square mu Moscow. Iwo uli kachisi yaikulu ya boma. Ndi nyumba yakale kwambiri mu mzindawo, ndipo kwathunthu anapulumutsidwa.

A mwachidule mbiri

Kopanda Cathedral - ndi Nyumba ya Virgin. Kumangidwa kwa Mpingo Dormition mu Russia chasandulika mwambo anayamba mu Kiev wakale, kumene ndi kwa Hagia Sophia anamanga Cathedral loyamba la Akukwera pa ansembe yotchedwa Kiev-Pechersk. Akuti Wodalitsika kwambiri Virgin anadutsa mapulani ku Constantinople golide ndipo analonjeza kuti moyo mu kachisi yomangidwa kumene.

Mu zaka 1326-1327, Ivan Kalita anamanga mwala woyamba tchalitchi mu Moscow, mu malo awa, ndiyeno panali Mfundo Cathedral wa Moscow Kremlin. Ngakhale kachisi womangidwa Ivanom Kalitoy, malo amenewa anali wina wakale Moscow Church (matabwa Nyumba za m'ma XII).

Kopanda Cathedral wa Moscow Kremlin unali mpingo waukulu mu Russia kwa zaka bola anayi. Mmenemo anavekedwa wolowa ku Mpandowachifumu, ali nadzaza zochita zofunika anthu, anasankha makolo akale ndipo metropolitans. Pali zina zambiri, miyambo n'kofunika, amene amapangidwa mosaphonyetsa Mfundo Cathedral. Moscow anakweza mbadwa ambiri ndi metropolitans, zina za Akukwera Cathedral anakhala ndi manda. manda awo zili pamodzi makoma a kachisi.

Cathedral Zomangamanga

The wamanga wa Cathedral wa Akukwera anali Italy Aristotle Fioravanti, amene mwapadera anaitanidwa Ivan III. Mfundo Cathedral mu boma la Russia inamangidwa 1475-1479 mwa mafanizidwe a kopanda Cathedral wa atumwi XII mu umodzi wa wamkulu Russian m'midzi - Vladimir.

Main pakhomo ku kachisi ndi wamkulu ku Cathedral Square. A staircase lonse pakhomo anamaliza zipata kwabasi atatu arches theka-zozungulira. Panopa Mikayeli ndi mngelo ngati akulondera pakhomo kumanga tchalitchi. Pamwamba chabe chipilalachi - zithunzi za oyera, ndipo pamwamba pawo chikusonyezera Virgin ndi Child mu manja ake. Zonsezi - ndi frescoes osiyanasiyana, amene anadzazidwa ndi khalidwe wapatali wa akutali ojambula zithunzi Russian za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chiwiri, amene maina anakhalabe osadziwika.

Mkati tchalitchi, chigawo chapakati ndi wosiyana guwa, iconostasis za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chiwiri (a iconostasis ali ndi msinkhu wa khumi zisanu ndi chimodzi mamita ndipo ali ndi embossed golide-yokutidwa Siliva), ndipo iye anaphedwa za 1652 ojambula zithunzi, anaitanidwa kuchokera Utatu-Sergio obisika. Mwatsoka, 1682 panali moto mu tchalitchi, chifukwa cha zomwe kugunda chizindikirochi, koma amisiri achifumu (Kirill Ulanov, George Zinoviev ndi Tikhon Filatov) akhala bwinobwino kusinthidwa. Kwa zaka zambiri, tchalitchi anali ndi amisiri Russian mafano. The wamkulu, chizindikiro wakale, ku tchalitchi - "Saint George", izo lili patsogolo iconostasis lapansi.

The tchalitchi chidaperekedwa kuukira asilikali French (Nkhondo ya 1812 chaka). Mbali ya siliva, amene kenaka Russian Cossacks akadali n'kuyambiranso ndipo anabwerera kwawo, anali linapanga chandelier, amene tsopano chagona pakati.

Ndi chipilala wamkulu zaluso Russian ndi zamanja ndi Mfundo Cathedral ndi phangalo kum'mwera zitseko. Iwo anabweretsedwa ku likulu la Suzdal Cathedral (omwe akutchulidwa chiyambi cha m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu). Iwo golide (pa wakuda lacquer) anapanga makumi awiri zithunzi pa mutu m'Baibulo.

Cathedral tsopano

Pambuyo Russian utasintha cha 1917, Akukwera Cathedral anali lidzasinthidwa Museum. Ogwira ntchito, kupanga kukhudzana, kuyesera kuti apulumutse mkati ake. Ndipo mu 1990 pa Akukwera Cathedral anali anayambiranso kutumikira. Choncho, tsopano Mfundo Cathedral wa Moscow Kremlin ali awiri ntchito yaikulu: owonetsera zakale ndi kachisi yokha.