Kodi mungamange bwanji maluwa a lisianthus kunyumba?

Lysianthus - chomera chosangalatsa komanso chokongola kwambiri - chinaonekera m'dziko lathu posachedwapa. Maina ena pansi pa maluwa a lisianthus amadziwika ndi eustoma, komanso "Irish" kapena "Japanese rose". Makhalidwe monga mitundu yosiyanasiyana, mithunzi ndi moyo wautali wa lisianthus akhala akuyamikiridwa ndi akatswiri a florists. Boutonniere, mphete zamaluwa ndi zibangili, maluwa okongola a okwatiwa kuchokera ku eustoma - izi zipangizo zamakono zili pampando wamakono.

Koma ngakhale kwa amaluwa wamaluwa amaluwa, lizianthus ndithudi adzakondanso. Nkhaniyi ili ndi mauthenga ndi othandizira olima maluwa omwe akukonzekera kuyamba kukula zomera za lisianthus, zithunzi za maluwa. Mmene mungakulire maluwa a Irish?

Lysianthus amamva bwino m'mundamo, ndipo mu chipinda chikhalidwe ichi choyambirira chokongoletsera nyumba kwa zaka zambiri. Kodi mukufunikira kudziwa chiyani kwa iwo omwe adasankha kukula lisianthus (onani chithunzi cha maluwa)?

Zapadera za kukula

• Maluwa a lisianthus akhoza kukhala osatha kokha ngati akukula muzinthu za chipinda. Kumalo otseguka, eustoma amatha chaka chimodzi, akufa m'dzinja osati m'madera a pakati pa Russia, komanso kumwera kwa dzikoli.
• Rosa ya ku Ireland imadalira nthaka yofanana, yowonjezera, nthaka yotayirira ndi mchenga wambiri. Kusakaniza kokongola kwa peat, mchenga ndi humus ku makungwa a mtengo. Gulu lapansi likhoza kusakanizidwa ndi nthaka yake yokhayokha kapena yogula yokonzedwa movutikira ya senpolia. Pachifukwachi, alimi akulimbikitsidwa kukula eustoma pa mapiritsi a peat.
• Ndikofunikira kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza yoyenera kwa mbeu zomwe zili ndi potaziyamu ndi nayitrogeni.
• Chimera cha Irish chili chomera chachikondi. Maluwawo amakula bwino mu chipinda chabwino komanso chowotcha mpweya kutentha kwa madigiri 18. Kuwala kwa dzuwa kwachangu kwa eustomomy kumatsutsana.
• Sizingatheke kugwiritsa ntchito mapiritsi apamwamba ndi phosphorous ya eustoma.

Njira zopezera mphukira

Mosiyana ndi maluwa, ndizosatheka kupeza chomera chatsopano kuchokera ku cuttings. Pofuna kukulira lisianthus ya maluwa, m'sitolo kapena kudutsa malo oyenera muyenera kugula mphukira yokonzekera kapena mbewu.

Zomera zowonongeka zokwanira kuti zizitha kuziika mu mphika wa maluwa za kukula kapena malo abwino pansi ndikupereka chisamaliro. Njira zowonjezeretsa maluwa okongola a Irish ku munda kapena ngati kubzala nyumba ndi zosiyana kwambiri. Choyamba, tiyeni tiwone momwe tingapezere maluwa a lisianthus kuchokera ku nyemba, zomwe zilimi zomwe zimakonzedwa kunyumba.

Kukula kuchokera kumbewu kunyumba

Chovuta choyamba chimene chingakumane nacho ndi mbewu zochepa kwambiri za eustoma (mbeu pafupifupi 10,000 zili mu galamu imodzi ya zinthu). Pali chinyengo chochepa cha kufesa mofanana lisianthus: mbewu zing'onozing'ono zimasakanizidwa ndi mchenga wouma bwino wouma bwino. Kawirikawiri, kuti ogulawo azikhala ochepa, mbewu za lisianthus zimagulitsidwa "capsule" yapadera ya zakuthupi ndi feteleza, 6-10 zidutswa phukusi. Mbeu zoterezi zimakula kwambiri ndipo sizikusowa kudya kwina.

Kukula mbewu za lisianthus zimayambira muchiwiri - sabata lachitatu la February. Mphika wa Ceramic ndi mabowo akutsanulira amadzazidwa motere:

• Madzi okwanira (abwino kwa dothi wamba wambiri).
• Gawo lapansi. Pachifukwa ichi, chotsani mtunda kuchokera pamphepete mwa mphika pansi kwa 1-2 masentimita kuti uzungulira mpweya.

Mbewu zopanda chipolopolo zimabzalidwa osati kutsukidwa pamwamba pa nthaka ndikuwaza madzi ofunda. Mbewu mu chipolopolo imayikidwa pamwamba pazitali za nthaka kutalika kwa masentimita 10-15 kuchokera kwa wina ndi mzake. Pamwamba pa mphika ayenera kukhala ndi filimu yoonekera kapena galasi, nthawi zonse kusiya ming'alu ya mpweya. Kusungunuka, kukumana pamwamba pa chophimba, muyenera kuyeretsa.

Kwa nthawi yonse ya kumera, kutentha kwa mpweya mu chipinda chiyenera kukhala mkati mwa madigiri 20-25. Kuthirira mbewu sikofunika. Nthaka nthawi zina imapopedwa ndi madzi ofunda kuti zisawonongeke nthaka.

Mphukira yoyamba ya lisianthus imaonekera masiku 10-15. Pambuyo pooneka mphukira yoyamba, chovala (galasi kapena filimu) chiyenera kuchotsedwa masana kuti pang'onopang'ono mphukira ikhale yozungulira, ndipo nthaka imadzaza ndi mpweya.

Kusankha

Mitengo yaing'ono imathamanga pa sabata la 6 ndi 8. Panthawiyi, duwa lidzakula, mapepala angapo awiri adzawonekera. Mphukira imadumphira muzitsulo zazing'ono za munthu ndi peat gawo ndi dothi ladothi. Ngati mbeu zazing'ono zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kufesa, ndibwino kuti muzitha kuzungulira mbewu za zidutswa 4-6. Mbande, zomwe zimatengedwa kuchokera ku mbewu mu "capsule", zimatha kumizidwa imodzi pamodzi. Kenaka, miphikayi imayikidwa mu chipinda choziziritsa pamthunzi ndi kutentha kwa mpweya osapitirira madigiri 18-20.

Kusamalira ndi kuthirira

Mitengo yaing'ono, yomwe imakula kufika masentimita 10 m'litali, imasandulika kukhala miphika yosiyana ya maluwa ndi mamita 10-15 masentimita. Mizu ya lisianthus ndi yachifundo kwambiri, m'tsogolomu imakhala yosayenera kuika maluwa. Choncho, muyenera kumatenga miphika nthawi yomweyo.

Pa chifukwa chomwecho, lysianthus imangoikidwa pokhapokha ndi njira ya kusintha:

• Maluwa a maluwa amakonzekera nthaka yobzala. Pakatikati ndi dzenje, mozama molingana ndi kutalika kwa chidebe.
• Powonjezera pang'onopang'ono mu chidebe ndi chomera, maluwa achotsedwa ndi nthaka ndikuikidwa mu mphika wa maluwa. Ndikofunika kuti musawononge mizu.
• Dziko lozungulira chomera ndi lovuta kwambiri kukonzekera ku eustoma mu mphika.

Pambuyo pake, maluwa a eustoma amayenera kupanga zinthu zabwino kuti zikule. Mitengo iyenera kuikidwa m'chipinda chabwino cha mpweya wokhala ndi mpweya wozizira wa madigiri 20-25 masana, madigiri 15-18 usiku. Kuthetsa duwa ndikofunika nthawi masiku ena, nthaka ikangomva bwino. Kuthirira kumachitika mosamala, mothandizidwa ndi atomizer, popanda kuthira mbewu ndi kuyesera kuti asapopere madzi pa masamba.

Musaiwale za kuyatsa kokwanira. Malo abwino kwambiri a lisianthus ndi malo abwino pafupi ndiwindo, wotetezedwa ku dzuwa.

Momwe mungakulire mbande za rose rose ku Ireland?

M'chilimwe, osati malo okha, komanso mabedi a m'munda, akhoza kukongoletsedwa ndi maluwa a lisianthus. Mmene mungakulire maluwa a ku Ireland panja?

Pofuna kukula mbande za lisianthus, momwe zingathere kukonzedwa kumsewu, pang'onoing'ono pangakhale kutentha. Ndondomeko ndi ndondomeko ya kumera kwa mphukira mu wowonjezera kutentha ndi motere:

• Mbewu yofesedwa mu March - April.
• Mpweya wobiriwira umayikidwa pamalo ndi kuwala kowala, osati poyera dzuwa.
• Pansi pa chivundikirochi amagwiritsidwa ntchito wosanjikiza wa peat gawo lapansi pafupi 2-3 masentimita, atenthedwa mpaka madigiri 22-25. Mbewu za lisianthus zimabzalidwa pamwamba pa nthaka. Pofuna kuthira, nthawi zina nthaka imadetsedwa ndi madzi, koma nthawi zambiri nthaka imakhala yonyowa nthawi zonse kumera chifukwa cha kutuluka kwa madzi.
• Panthawi ya kumera kwa mbeu , m'pofunikira kukhazikitsa kuunika kwina ndi nyali ya fulorosenti osachepera maola 10 pa tsiku.
• Pamene mphukira ikuwonjezeka, ngati nyengo ikuloleza, zomera zimayamba kusinthasintha kumalo akunja. Pochita izi, hothouse imakhala mpweya wokwanira kupyolera m'mawindo ochepa.
• Mbewu ziyenera kuchitidwa kawirikawiri ndi yankho la phytosporin - izi zimapewa matenda ndi "mwendo wakuda".
• Pambuyo pa masabata asanu ndi limodzi, mphukira imamera monga momwe tafotokozera pamwambapa. Mukhoza kusunga zitsamba ndi zomera zazing'ono mu wowonjezera kutentha.

Kodi ndi liti komanso kuti ndi bwino bwanji kubzala mbewu pamalo otseguka?

Pa nthaka yotseguka, lysianthus siidabzalidwe mpaka mapeto a May, itatha chisanu. Nthaka ya maluwa iyenera kukhala yokonzeka: kupanga nkhuni humus ndi mchere feteleza, mosamala kumasula. Pofuna kubzala, muyenera kusankha malo otentha otetezedwa ku mphepo m'munda.

Kubzala kuchokera mu chidebe kupita ku nthaka lisianthus n'kofunikira pamodzi ndi nthaka, popanda kuwononga mizu. Kwa nthawi yoyamba, masiku 10-15, chifukwa zomera zimakhala pogona. Pambuyo pake maluwawo atasinthidwa, chivundikiro chotetezera chingachotsedwe.

Kusamalira lisianthus m'munda

Kuthirira lisianthus kumalimbikitsidwa, pogwiritsa ntchito munda wa geek, kuyesera kuti usagwe pa masamba. Ulamulilo wa kuthirira sukusintha: musadutse kapena kutsanulira. Ndikofunika kuti nthawi zonse muzidyetsa amchere feteleza ndi zochitika, pafupifupi milungu itatu kapena inayi iliyonse. Ngati ndi kotheka, mukhoza kusamba ndi kumasula, koma samalani kuti musamawononge mizu ya zomera.

Pofuna kutalikitsa moyo wa lisianthus, chomera cham'munda m'dzinja chikhoza kuikidwa mu mphika ndikupita kunyumba. Ngati mumapanga kuti Irish rose izi zidafotokozedwa pamwambapa, eustoma idzapitirira kwa zaka zingapo.

Inde, kupatula madzi okwanira komanso omasuka, lisianthus, monga zomera zina zamkati, zidzafunikira kusamala mosamala. Kwa rosi ya Irish, nkofunika kugwiritsa ntchito kuvala pamwamba kamodzi pa mwezi. Komanso, chomeracho chiyenera kuchiritsidwa panthaŵi yake, komanso kuchiritsidwa motsutsana ndi tizirombo. Koma kugwira ntchito mwakhama sikungakhale kopanda mphotho. Maluwa osakongola komanso okongola kwambiri, a lisianthus, adzakondweretsa mwiniwakeyo kwa zaka zambiri, atonthoza mkati ndi kukongoletsa nyumbayo.