Khalidwe chinthu Lockheed C 130 Hercules. US asilikali zoyendera ndege Lockheed C 130 Hercules

Lockheed C 130 Hercules poyambirira linakonzedwa ngati ankhondo-chonyamulira, koma inapangidwa kuti ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Zikuphatikizapo ntchito yapadera (pa okwera otsika ndipo tidakocheza), pafupi thandizo mpweya ndi kudzipatula m'dera nkhondo, kosati makapisozi danga, kufufuza ndi kupulumutsidwa ntchito, refueling mpweya, sanjira, nyengo ndi nzeru, anaziika amagetsi, moto nkhondo, kupopera, kuthandiza amachititsa masoka achilengedwe, ndi zina zotero. d.

Panopa ndege Lockheed Hercules ntchito mwatsatanetsatane airlift mu zisudzo ntchito. Izi sing'anga-osiyanasiyana ndege angathe kutenga ku zitsulo pansi m'goli ndi zoyendera chachikulu kwa ikamatera ndi zida m'malo nkhondo.

Mbiri ya chilengedwe

August 23, 1954 ndi bungwe Lockheed Martin wapanga mayeso ndege la ndege YC-130A. Iye anawulukira ku Burbank, California, kumene kuli ndege mabizinezi yomanga "Kanyimbi Ntchito" ndi mpweya wa m'munsi, "Edwards". prototypes awiri okha anasonkhana, ndi otsala 2 500 aircrafts opangidwa ku Marietta, GA.

Lachitsanzo loyamba linali C-130A turboprop injini ndi anayi Allison T56-A-9 ndi injini atatu bladed. A okwana mayunitsi 219 anawalamula. Kupanga ndege yoyamba anawulukira pa April 7, 1955, ndi makontena inayamba mu December 1956 komanso awiri DC-130A, amatha kunyamula ndi kuthamanga ndi pylons underwing kwa inayi zinamangidwa opanda magalimoto mlengalenga. zipangizo zina zapadera ndi zochotseka, wakupatsani ntchito ndege monga yonyamula ndi nyumba 5 pallets muyezo, magalimoto kumenya (AC 130) kapena ambulansi.

Pambuyo zaka zoposa zisanu ndi chimodzi pambuyo chiyambi cha ulimi wa "Hercules" wathyola zolembedwa zonse kwa nthawi ya kumasulidwa kwa asilikali zoyendera ndege. Okwana oposa 2500 chopangidwa C 130. ndegeyo panopa ntchito m'mayiko 68.

Main makhalidwe a koyamba "Hercules" ali motere:

• Utali - 29,3 m.
• Msinkhu - 11,4 m.
• Wingspan - mamita 39,7.
• Liwiro - 600 Km / h ndi pa okwera 6000 m.
• Denga - 10 000 mamita ndi katundu wa matani 45.
• Tengani-kuchokera kulemera - 37,65 m.
• The pazipita khalidwe chinthu Lockheed C-130A ndi wofanana 17.

USAF

"Hercules» C-130B anaikidwa kugwira ntchito mu June 1959. Total 134 mayunitsi anapanga galimoto. Model B ankasiyana turboprop Allison T56-A-7, 4 masamba akhoza kusamutsidwa mu mapiko a ndalama zina za mafuta ndi mphamvu galimotoyo. Zingapo C-130B ankagwiritsa ntchito kuzimitsa moto ndipo adakali pa US National Alonda nkhokwe. Mu 1961, ndege asanu anatembenuka chifukwa mpweya kukakumana reconnaissance spacecraft.

Pa nkhondo Vietnam, ena C-130A chasinthidwa kuukira ndege AC 130. Kuwonjezera pa mbali 20 mamilimita Vulcan Cannon ndi 7.62mm Miniguns iwo anaikidwa masensa zolinga kudziwika ndi dongosolo usiku m'masomphenya, ndi dongosolo gulu patsogolo kuyang'ana infuraredi FLIR.

A zitsanzo zochepa, anadzatchedwa C-130D, akhala okonzeka ndi galimotoyo ntchito mu Arctic, komanso kubwezeretsanso yaitali mzere oyambirira chenjezo. zipangizo zikuluzikulu ziwiri ndi 6 mamita yaitali, 1.8 mamita lonse ndi kulemera makilogalamu 907 lililonse. M'mphuno ski ali miyeso ya 3 1.8 m. D chitsanzo komanso chinawonjezeka mafuta ndipo okonzeka ndi chipangizo kwa zotakasika JATO zofunika. Icho chinali kugwiritsidwa ntchito Alonda National ndipo kenako m'malo mwa LC-130H.

zitsanzo Recent

C-130E ndi kusinthidwa wa C-130B osiyanasiyana yaitali. A okwana ndege 369 akhala analamula, yobereka umene unayamba mu April 1962 Zolemba malire magalimoto misa chitsanzo kuchuluka matani 70.307, lomwe ndi matani 9.072 kuposa wa kusinthidwa B. thanki wamafuta mphamvu kuchuluka matani 7.711. Panali injini wamphamvu kwambiri Allison T -56-a-7a ndi awiri akunja buku thanki 5.148 malita m'mapiko therebetween. Kusintha kapangidwe mapiko, kuthetsa kutopa ndi dzimbiri chitsanzo, anawonjezera moyo la ndegeyo m'zaka XXI.

zosintha amenewa kwa E C-130H injini latsopano turboprop T56-A-T5, m'malo avionics anaikidwa, anasintha mapiko, ndi zina zotero. N. makontena inayamba mu July 1974, Total wamanga zoposa 350 ndege C-130H ndi ena ofanana. chitsanzo umenewu wakhala yaikulu kwambiri ya Mabaibulo onse: kumapeto kwa madongosolo 1979 pa mtengo wake kupanga anafika mayunitsi 565.

C-130J ndi kusinthidwa atsopano a ndegeyo. Ndi mofulumira kwambiri ndalama, izo ntchentche apamwamba ndi kutali, ndi chimayambira ndi pampandowo wamfupi n'kupanga. Major patsogolo kukhala digito avionics, mtundu Mipikisano ntchito LCD kusonyezedwa, kuthetsa inertial dongosolo navigation, ndi Autopilot digito ndi GPS. ndegeyo ali okonzeka ndi dongosolo bwinobwino Integrated chitetezo, mphamvu yopulumutsa mtundu Rada, 4 injini latsopano turboprop Rolls-Royce AE 2100D3 mphamvu ya 3424 kW wina, zisanu bladed injini ndi awiri a 4,11 m.

kuonjezera cangu

Quality chinthu Lockheed C 130, ndipo ndi izo Mwachangu mafuta, kampani akuyesera kuonjezera chifukwa kukwera m'mwamba ndi kuchepetsa mazunzo kuukoka ndege. Patsogolo wakhala akwaniritsa likuvutika mikrostabilizatorov, winglets ndi dongosolo Nyamulani kugawa.

Mikrostabilizatory ang'ono Mzere pa fuselage ndi kuchepetsa swirls achilengedwe. Iwo kuchepetsa katundu pa thupi ndi limakupatsani kuukira mchira mitsinje asaawone wa stabilizers miyambo ya m'deralo.

Kufalitsa dongosolo Nyamulani aukitsa khalidwe chinthu Lockheed C 130 ndi kuukitsa ailerons katundu kutonthoza katundu kusamutsidwa kwa pakati ndi kuchepetsa kufunika mafuta kuchepetsa mapiko kupinda. Zimenezi zinathandiza kuwonjezera kulemera pazipita katundu mu C-130H ndi 21% ndi C-130J - 10%.

Kulengedwa mapeto airfoil kapena winglets, komanso kumathandiza kuchepetsa kuukoka ndi kuonjezera khalidwe chinthu Lockheed C 130. Izi zimachititsa 1-3% mafuta ndalama, kapena peresenti 4 kuwonjezeka ndege mtunda kwa C-130J.

Navy ndi US sitima Corps

C 130 "Hercules" kwa nthawi yoyamba imene munalowa mu US Navy mu 1960, pamene 4 ndege anafika 130F kugwira ntchito mu Antarctic. zipangizo izi okonzeka ndi "Hercules" posakhalitsa akutsatiridwa ndi zitsanzo 46 KC-130F, ogwidwawo ndi sitima Corps mu 1962 kuchita ngati zoyendera kumenya ndi Pamadzi ndege kwa womenya ndi kuukira ndege. M'chaka chomwecho Navy analandira 7 C-130F mayunitsi popanda zida kuchita ntchito zoyendera. KC-130F anapanga mayeso ake choyamba ndege mu January 1960. Version Pamadzi akhoza imodzi lembani malita awiri ndege 13.627 wa mafuta kuchokera katundu chipinda. Mafuta umaperekedwa ndi awiri malo zochotseka refueling ili pa pylons underwing.

Mu 1965, nkhondo zoyendera ndege ya Navy US kudzadza angapo C-130G kuthandiza sitima zankhondo "Polaris" ndipo m'malo a anthu okonza awo. Monga F chitsanzo, ali ndi mphamvu structural anali atachuluka, kulola kuonjezera payload. Mu zonse Mabaibulo adalira kanyumba ndi katundu chipinda losindikizidwa, zida ndi njira yabwino refueling ndi Doppler navigation. Anayi aircrafts Kenako kusinthidwa ndege transponders TACAMO ndi anadzatchedwa a EC-130G. Akangodziwa m'malo E-6a, mayunitsi atatu anatembenuka kunyamula (ngakhale popanda katundu limbikitsa) TC-130G.

chitsanzo china, EC-130Q, anali atakonzekera ndi squadrons awiri VQ. Iwo anaikidwa wailesi, ndipo iye anachita monga aya njira ndege sitima zankhondo ndi mivi ballistic.

ziwerengero

Zoposa 145 "Hercules" ndege anagwiritsidwa ntchito pa ntchito "Chipululu Chikopa" ndi "chipululu Aakulu." Iwo amadutsa mayunitsi kuti atumiza zapansi. Pa August 10, 1990 ndi asiye-moto mu zone ya udindo wa C 130 anapanga 46,500 ndege, natengedwa oposa 209 zikwi. Anthu ndi 300 zikwi. Matani katundu. Pambuyo pa mliri wa maudani warplanes American anapereka thandizo panali zachipatala achoke, ndi mwatsatanetsatane kuyenda. Pa 100 maola pansi ofotokoza C 130 yapadera zoposa 500 nkhondowo sorties tsiku.

Features

C 130 mamangidwe osiyana pansi msinkhu, yomwe ili mbali ya galimoto, kumbuyo yopingasa makwerero, komanso unscreened, losindikizidwa katundu chipinda, sipangakhalenso msanga reconfigured kunyamula asilikali, atavulazidwa kapena anthu. "Hercules" Angagwiritsidwenso ntchito ankafika asilikali ndi zida, komanso kwa yobereka akatundu olemera ndi okwera otsika ntchito m'zigawo parachutes.

katundu anagwira

C 130 akhoza kukwaniritsa makilogalamu oposa 19.051 katundu. The odzigudubuza pansi athe kugwiritsa yachidule ndi yosavuta a pallets katundu ndipo akhoza kuchotsedwa kusiya lathyathyathya pamwamba, ngati n'koyenera. trays zisanu (kuphatikiza kulowa mphasa katundu) akhoza yodzaza kumtunda ndegeyo pakhomo waukulu limbikitsa-hydraulically opareshoni, yomwe ili kumbuyo la ndegeyo. limbikitsa akhozanso ayanjane pansi potsegula ndi katundu galimoto matayala. zovekera Attachable kuti apeze katundu zili mu Bay lapansi.

Mu ntchito ya ndege zonyamula zikutanthauza C 130 "Hercules" akhoza kumakhalamo 92 kapena 64 commando msilikali zida zonse mu mipando pambali. Udindo wa thanzi la ndegeyo kuti akhoza kukwaniritsa 74 stretchers ndi ovulala ndi odwala, komanso zachipatala awiri.

katundu

Asilikali zoyendera ndege amapereka njira zitatu mpweya yobereka zida ndi zipangizo:

• Mbali yoyamba ndi kulemera kwa makilogalamu 19.051 bwererani parachutes amene lotseguka atachoka katunduyo chipinda.
• Njira ya chiwiri, wotchedwa chidebe dongosolo yobereka kuti bwererani pakati bale wina masekeli 16 998 makilogalamu lililonse amagwiritsa yokoka. Pambuyo bale chatha masamba ndegeyo, pa parachuti chimatsegula ndi katundu ndi adatchithisira pansi.
• Mu njira lachitatu, kumaliseche 17.237 makilogalamu katundu n'kuthamangitsidwa ndege katundu parachutes lalikulu pamene ndege ndi 1,5-3 mamita pamwamba pansi. Pambuyo mwachidule kutsetsereka oyima katundu.

Mapiko akasinja mafuta

Kwathunthu mapiko cantilever monga anayi waukulu ndi awiri akasinja wothandiza mafuta. Awiri kunja thanki wokwera pansi pa phiko. Izi C 130 amatipatsa kuthekera kuchita malinga malita 36.075 wa mafuta.

galimotoyo

Kusinthidwa tricycle ankafika zida imakhala kutsogolo ndi awiri tandem mawilo waukulu ndipo walola ndegeyo ntchito pa akhakula, runways osakonzekera. Magudumu waukulu retracted vertically mu fairings fuselage ndi m'mphuno pindani patsogolo mu fuselage lapansi. Kutsogolo ankafika zida anamanga mphamvu chiwongolero.

magetsi magetsi

Mphamvu Lockheed C 130 Hercules H anapereka ndi zosintha asanu alternator mphamvu ya kVA 40. Anai a iwo amakhala ndi chikakamizo Motors, ndi wina ntchito ndi ankapoperamo wothandiza mphamvu (APU). Mu kusinthidwa wina wa E-20 KVA jenereta ndi zoyendetsedwa ndi injini mpweya chopangira mphamvu. Direct panopa umaperekedwa kuchokera AC gwero 200 mwa thiransifoma zinayi voteji ndi rectifier ku mphamvu umodzi batire la 24V 36 mkuzamawu-maola.

hydraulics

Anayi mpope yotengeka ndi galimoto 200 anapereka kwa atmospheres waukulu ndi machitidwe mofulumira. AC magetsi galimoto likukhudza kuthamanga dongosolo wothandiza ndi lingafanane ndi mpope dzanja. Hydraulics kupitiriza kuthamanga zonse pamene ndege Papayu ndi ziro kapena zimamuchulukira negative.

Elongated "Hercules"

ntchito zingapo asilikali ntchito yapachiweniweni Baibulo "Hercules" lomwe lili lakuti L-100. Wogulitsa mu February 1965, L-100 ndi analogue a C-130 "Hercules" kusinthidwa E popanda kudzaza pylons ndi zida za nkhondo. L-100-20 anali lengthened oyika kutalika kwa 1.5 mamita 1 mita pambuyo mapiko a. L-100-30 fuselage ndi lengthened ndi 4.6 m.