The US Navy. The zikuchokera kwa Navy US. US Navy Base

Mu zaka za m'ma 21, ndi United States akuluakulu a asilikali anapita mapulogalamu angapo zikuluzikulu, cholinga chachikulu cha izi zinali patsogolo maluso nkhondowo, nkhondowo mphamvu ndi kapangidwe gulu la asilikali apanyanja. Pa mphindi, ndi US Navy ziŵalo mapulani ali pafupi kuchitika. Pa nthawi yomweyo mwachangu akuyendera mphamvu pulogalamu ndi kukonzanso kwa nkhondowo zombo, kupanga maziko a zombo ake m'tsogolo 313. N'zochititsa chidwi anawonjezera wodzilemekeza ndiponso kutsatira njira ya asilikali cholinga Navy pamodzi ndi magulu a asilikali olondera panyanja, sitima Corps ndi navies wa wochezeka ndipo anagwirizana mayiko USA zibwenzi. mfundo izi enshrined kumene anayamba sitima Njira America.

kapangidwe m'gulu

Bulu US ali mwachilungamo ndiwofatsa komanso pafupifupi invariable dongosolo kwazaka mazana aŵiri. kusintha Current anakhudzidwa makamaka ndi dongosolo mkati mwa malamulo munthu (pakati ndi mkulu) ndi amazilamulira chachikulu. The Navy zikuphatikizapo Navy ndi oyenda, zimene pamapeto, amapangidwa ndi magulu malo ndi mphamvu zonse. Pa nthawi yomweyo oyenda yokhala kuti ukugwira ndi mtundu winawake wa asilikali. Palinso kugawikana kwa sitima Protection, imene Dipatimenti ya kwawo Security. Koma si panthaŵi ya mtendere. Mu zochitika mwadzidzidzi kapena nkhondo, iye anakhala pansi ndi Bulu.

Mu Navy US, zikuchokera amene nthawi zonse kusinthidwa, ndi m'ma 2008, panali anthu 332 sauzande. Awa, 51 zikwi - ndi akapitawo. chiwerengero cha sitima Corps ndi pa msinkhu wa anthu 175 zikwi, amene 40,000 anawerengedwa mu malo a.

The fleets awiri

Malinga ndi bungwe loyang'anira magulu onse zida kuperekedwa ku fleets ziwiri: Pacific ndi Atlantic. Iwo kuphatikiza asilikali Asilikali, komanso mpweya, pamwamba ndi sitima zapamadzi mphamvu. Komanso, IUD 10 limapangidwa onshore and 4 mezhflotskih chapakati lamulo kugonjera.

Atlantic zombo

Analengedwa mu 1906, Atlantic zombo kangapo Kusintha ake. Mu 1923, izo reorganized mu kulondera ndipo reconnaissance. Mu 1941 anakhalanso ndi Atlantic ndi kusintha udindo lamulo. Ngati pamaso zombo zimenezi zinachititsa ndi kumbuyo asilikali, tsopano anamuukitsa ku Mulingo wa zonse ( "chetyrehzvozdnogo") asilikali. Kuyambira mu 1947 mpaka 1985 anali kupita mkulu zombo mkulu (GC). Kuwonjezera udindo wake pachimake, ankayang'anira zombo mu Atlantic. Mu 1986 iye anasamutsidwa kupita pa mtengo wa kazembe. Chakumapeto 2002, Chief ya dzina linathetsedwa ndi Nduna ya Odziteteza (amangonena za kukhala US pulezidenti), ndipo adzamtumikira admirals ndi akazembe anali adamuyitananso atsogoleri. Mu 2006 iye analimbikitsa zombo Mphamvu Lamulo udindo wake (FFC) kwa US zombo Mphamvu Lamulo (USFFC). A mkulu wa Atlantic zombo anayamba kutsogolera asilikali apanyanja a United States ndipo analandira mphamvu kukodzedwa.

Pacific zombo

Mutu wa Pacific zombo mwachindunji subordinated kwa mkulu wa asilikali apanyanja US, amene amapereka malangizo pa mmene kukumana, maphunziro, akulembedwa kutumizgika asilikali apanyanja ambiri. Pa nthawi yomweyo iye ali mu ulamuliro wa mphamvu ndi Atlantic ndi Pacific. Komanso, mutu wa Pacific zombo mlandu kasamalidwe kwa yapamadzi, mamembala a bungwe la United zachitetezo (USJFCOM) Strategic ndi kumpoto Lamulo. Pa ntchitoyi mlingo USFFC nkhani yekha Atlantic zombo, ndi zisanu onshore ndi awiri mezhflotskih lamulo.

fleets ntchito

Ichi ndi kugwirizanitsa apamwamba kugwira ntchito mu United States apanyanja. Pamaziko a kaphatikizidwe nyumba zingapo inakhazikitsidwa Atlantic zombo 2 (North Atlantic), 4. (Caribbean) ndi 6 (Mediterranean) fleets. Homogeneous mphamvu Pacific zombo anapereka 3, 5 ndi 7 zombo. Sakanikira mayunitsi opaleshoni, mankhwala ndi magulu amene ali m'gulu la fleets ntchito, zida ndi zipangizo thandizo, sitima ndi mayunitsi zosiyanasiyana (sitima ndi ndege Al.).

Utumiki Navy

Izi loyang'anira limba pamwamba pa ulamuliro sitima Corps ndi asilikali apanyanja. Malinga ndi nkhani lakhumi la Mlembi wa Navy malamulo akulamulira Utumiki lonse la zintchito, kuphatikizapo zinthu zokhudza khalidwe la demobilization, yolimbikitsa ndi ntchito gulu, mapangidwe a anthu ogwira, zida, zida, perekani, maphunziro, mbali ndi US Navy mankhwala zithunzi zimene zaikidwa izi nkhani. Nduna akulingalira kupanga mapulogalamu (kapena kumanga), kukonza ndi wamakono ziwiya, zida ndi zida za nkhondo, komanso nyumba m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndi zinthu. Komanso formulates malingaliro njira ndi mapulogalamu zokhudza kusamala chitetezo cha dziko, pansi pa malamulo a mtumiki wa chitetezo ndi pulezidenti.

likulu Navy

Navy ndi wapamwamba bungwe lolamulira la dziko. Iwo lotsogoledwa ndi mtsogoleri wamkulu (makamaka Commander) Bulu. Mlembi wa Navy anaika pa Iye lamulo ambiri a zombo za. Ndiyenso amabweretsa kugwiritsa ntchito boma komanso mmene mofulumira lamulo wogwila m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya US Navy m'munsi. Iye amachita monga mlangizi kwa Nduna ya Navy ndi Pulezidenti pa khalidwe la ntchito ya usilikali ndipo ali ndi udindo kwa iwo zochita zonse. Kazembe woyamba ndi Bulu Commander subordination, mkulu loyang'anira ogwira ntchito anayi akuluakulu, lotsogoledwa ndi kasamalidwe Chief (maukonde ndi aya kachitidwe; chitukuko ndi kukonzekera mfundo njira, maphunziro, kuphunzira ndi maphunziro a anthu ogwira, umene kenako kusankha mtundu wa Navy United States, kuphatikiza zinthu ndi maluso ).

Likulu la magawo ntchito za zombo za

Pamodzi ndi ena ntchito timitengo fleets (4, 5, ndi 6 TH) ndipo ndi bwino kapangidwe ka gulu kutsimikizidwa zinachitikira yaitali asilikali. likulu amenewa walunjika substituent mkulu zikuphatikizapo kulamulira zonse (nzeru, ntchito, ogwira, ndi kukonzekera ntchito, mmene kukumana ndi T. D.) Ndipo mayunitsi (mlangizi zachipatala, chitetezo komanso anthu ena.).

Nkhondo ya Navy US

Chifukwa angathe (moyenera kapangidwe ndi mphamvu nkhondowo) ake ndi sizigwirizana ndi buku ndi kuchuluka kwa zolinga ntchito ndi njira unakhazikitsidwa mu zaka mazana makumi awiri. Pambuyo pa mapeto a "nkhondo ozizira" ndi chidwi "kutentha" nyengo mphamvu padziko lonse lankhondo nkhondowo anali adzafupikitsidwa kwambiri. Koma ichi ndi muyeso wosakhalitsa. Ngakhale poyerekeza ndi mayiko ena, ndiye United States sali woyipa ndi chirichonse. Mwachitsanzo, chiŵerengero cha Navy Russia ndi United States ndi 1 mpaka 10.

Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma XXI atsogoleri a High Lamulo la Navy dziko akhala inkaoneka kuwonjezeka mphamvu panyanja. Iwo wolungama uyu kulowa US mu nkhondo yolimbana ndi uchigawenga padziko lonse. Ndipotu, chifukwa cha nkhondo imeneyi si kuopseza zigawenga, ndi kuopseza mavuto mphamvu padziko lonse. Nkhondo imeneyi zikupitilirabe ku Middle East, lidzasinthidwa kumenyana zenizeni kwa ulamuliro wonse pa msika wapadziko lonse wa zipangizo.

Mphamvu mpweya

Izi zikuphatikizapo Mipikisano cholinga ndege onyamula US Navy, amene ali pakati waukulu magulu ankhondowo mankhwala, ndi imodzi mwa zigawo zikuluzikulu zofunika kwambiri za ntchito zombo apanyanja. Panopa khumi (11) ziwiya kalasi ndi nyukiliya zomera mphamvu.

Pamene pali analamula mofulumira magulu ndege nkhondo, aliyense chonyamulira uyamba pa bolodi phiko anatumizidwa izo. Monga chotengera chimodzi 11 mowirikiza pa kukonzanso wopita, kasamalidwe wa mapiko zonse Navy mpweya anapanga khumi amenewa. Aliyense wa iwo abwera kwa Helicopters 80 ndi ndege. Komanso, zikuchokera kwa squadrons okonzeka ndi Pacific ndi Atlantic fleets ndi mbali ya sitima Corps. Zonse kutaya ndege ndege panyanja ndi 4000 mayunitsi.

Luso yomanga ndege, Helicopters, sitima zankhondo ndipo ngalawa padziko ndi chifukwa mapangidwe zofunika magulu malamulo chombo, kutumiza ndi kunyanyala chonyamulira.

mphamvu pamwamba

Izi zikuphatikizapo zombo pamwamba pa US Navy makalasi yakuti: 22 cruisers ( "Ticonderoga") 33 zombo amphibious, 52 ofunkha ( "Orli Bork"), 30 frigates ( "Oliver Perry X."), 10 konsekonse "Tara". Komanso, pali 9 ndege zombo, doko, doko-12 Amakweza ndi 14 anga kusesa "obwezera." Choncho, chiwerengero cha zombo US Navy liri mayunitsi 104. M'tsogolo tinakonza zoti kwambiri kuonjezera chithunzi ichi.

Zombo Zankhondo kupereka mitundu yonse ya chitetezo m'munda wa nkhondowo ntchito ndi kusintha kwa zombo panyanja. Iwo kutenga mbali mu ntchito yapadera mzinga ndi zida zankhondo kunyanyala pa mipherezero nyanja komanso nyanja. Komanso, kapangidwe kusinthidwa wa formations panyanja m'gulu zombo amphibious. Pali wanga wosakaza chotengera, kudzikonda nawo ntchito zanga. Mwa njira, posachedwapa pa TV Russian otchulidwa za zombo ziwiri latsopano Navy US mu Nyanja Black. Court anawonekera kumeneko madzulo wa Games Olympic ku Sochi pofuna chitetezo.

Mapangano kumangira woyamba 2 ofunkha (DDG -1000 ndi -1001) anali Mukalowa mu 2007 seven- ndi zaka zisanu ndi zitatu mawu oyambirira. Bulu utsogoleri nayenso allocated ndalama kwa pomanga zombo zisanu zofanana (DDG-1002-1006). Ndi 2018 adzakhala wokonzeka. Mu 2011 ndi 2013, ntchito yomanga inayamba cruisers 2 ntchito CG (X). kutengerapo awo kuti zombo adzatenga malo mu 2019. zombo awa anakonzedwa zochokera DD (X) polojekiti ndipo anakonza mmalo kwa cruisers 22 kalasi "Ticonderoga". Komabe, kupitiriza ntchito yomanga zombo ntchito Series CG (X) ndi mabvuto kwambiri. Choncho, Navy akulingalira njira zina zosiyanasiyana. Mmodzi wa iwo - ndiko Kulenga kwa 5 cruisers URO. Koma chigamulo chomaliza akadali podikira.

Kufunika kwa ntchito Navy kunkhondo ku madera a m'mphepete mwa nyanja anali mwambo kwa chilengedwe cha gulu latsopano la zombo kwa LCS ntchito - zombo nkhondowo wa woyendera nthambi m'mphepete mwa nyanja. The awiri a sitima ( "wodzilamulira" ndi "Ufulu") kale umasamutsidwa ku Navy mu 2008 ndi 2009. Ntchito yomanga 2 la ngalawa zotsatirazi (LCS-3 -4) inaimitsidwa chifukwa ponso wokwera pa mtengo wa ntchito pansi Mapangano walemba kale. Mapangano amenewa anali kutha. Kumene, Mipikisano cholinga zombo za m'gulu limeneli ndi lofunika kwambiri kwa yapamadzi, koma yomanga ndalama kulephereka kalekale. Nthawi zambiri, ntchito LCS anaganiza zomanga zotengera 55. Chigamulo chomaliza kokha pambuyo kusanthula bwinobwino komanso kufufuza zinthu nkhondowo kale anamanga zitsanzo. Bulu ndiye kusankha ntchito yabwino. Mulimonsemo, tsiku la akamaliza pulogalamu imeneyi kusuntha zoposa chinanena mawu a 2020.

mphamvu sitima zapamadzi

Zikuphatikizapo 4 SSGN ( "HA") 52 SSNs (45 "Los Angeles", 4 "Va" ndi 3 "Si Vulf") ndi 14 NPBMS ( "HA").

The moyo utumiki mwa sitima zankhondo za nyukiliya zoyendetsedwa (SSNs) mu Navy US anawonjezera mpaka 2040 mu mzere ndi dongosolo chitukuko wonse. Ndi nthawi imene anakonza kuti titengere chida ballistic a mbadwo ndi chida sitima zankhondo latsopano.

Malinga ndi pulogalamu panopa zombo mpaka 2020 asilikali apanyanja muyenera SSNs mayunitsi 48. Koma chithunzi ichi si chomaliza angasinthe waukulu, ndi mbali ang'onoang'ono.

Chaka chilichonse chiyambire 2009, zinali zochokera pa Mipikisano cholinga sitima zapamadzi nyukiliya ( "Virginia"). Yotsirizira chidzakwanira 2015. sitima zankhondo izi lidzaloŵa m'malo mbali ya ngalawa, "Los Angeles", pafupifupi kufika pa mapeto a moyo wake ntchito. Popeza 2011, izo anakonza kuti zigwire ku bajeti yomanga sitima zankhondo awiri chaka, ndi 2018 - kupereka US panyanja zombo za 30 PLA wa mtundu uwu. Mwina dongosolo ndi mkulu.

wothandiza zombo

Panopa umaimiridwa ndi ziwiya 10 ndi 32 anazungulira utumiki wa m'manja. Komanso, akuyandama sitima zankhondo m'munsi m'gulu gulu ziwiya apadera ndi akuyandama m'munsi SSBN chikukhudza zida ndi magulu nyukiliya MB. Tsopano zombo komanso tichipeza mayunitsi 5 zoyendera za zipolopolo (a mtundu watsopano wa "Lewis ndi Clark") ndiponso katundu. Chiwerengero cha US Navy (ie zombo) wakhala mwachindunji pamwamba.