Mafupa Kadzidzi: mbali structural. Maonekedwe a kadzidzi ndi

Kadzidzi - nthumwi ya gulu la zolusa, muli mitundu yoposa 200 lalikulu zedi ndi sing'anga, kwa gawo lalikulu ndi usiku mbalame, amene angapezeke pa dziko lonse lapansi. Maonekedwe a mitundu yonse ya akadzidzi ofanana. mbalame awa wotanganidwa pafupifupi dziko lonse, koma iwo ali sangapezeke mwa Antarctica.

Kapangidwe ka mafupa a kadzidzi ndi

Pali mabanja awiri; detachment wa kadzidzi weniweni kapena kadzidzi ndi khola akadzidzi. Malinga ndi mmene thupi lake lilili ndi nthenga za kadzidzi ndi osiyana kwambiri ndi nyama, kotero ornithologists kuwatsogolera mu gulu limodzi. Mbali yapadera ya kadzidzi mafupa monga mbali zotsatirazi:

• Njira zakuya fupa.
• The ternary pawiri wa mandible kuti chigaza lapansi.
• Waufupi phalanx ya chala lachitatu.
• The sayenda ya pini akunja omwe akuyesetsa kumbuyo.

malo

Mu Russia, umene pali seventini mitundu. Ambiri mwa mbalame zimenezi nocturnal angapezeke mu nkhalango zowirira, ndi ochepa okha amakhala m'madera lotseguka. Kwenikweni, amapezeka zisa, amene okha anamanga ndi Angagwiritsidwenso ntchito, kapena malo a khwangwala dzenje mtengo. Kadzidzi angapeze kunyumba pafupifupi kulikonse: mu nkhalango, steppes, mapiri, zipululu. Mantchichi wakonda yolalikira zokhudza m'madera lotseguka, koma zisa nkhalango. Achisanu kadzidzi amakhala Titafika pamalo ndi yozizira n'kuulukira kum'mwera. Barani kadzidzi kapena pang'ono kadzidzi chisa pansi pa eaves nyumba ndi attics.

Kufotokozera ndi maonekedwe a kadzidzi ndi

Monga momwe taonera, kadzidzi - mbalame yolusa, usiku. Iye akhoza kukhala mumtundu nthenga, akuyang'ana malo zimene amakhala. Akadzidzi, malingana ndi mitundu ndi makulidwe osiyana. Laling'ono - ndi pygmy kadzidzi. kukula kwake kwa 17-20 cm, kulemera 80 g. Ndipo mbalame yaikulu ya banja ili ndi kadzidzi. m'litali 60-70 cm, kulemera 4 makilogalamu. The mutu wozungulira woboola pakati kadzidzi ndi maso lalikulu, lalitali ndi lakuthwa chiombankhanga, ali ndi waufupi ndi amphamvu mulomo. Munthu amakhala avareji pafupifupi zaka khumi, ndipo mu ukapolo moyo 40. moyo wotero lalifupi kuthengo chifukwa iwo ankasakidwa mbalame zikuluzikulu za nyama monga Mphamba ndi mphungu.

kadzidzi mafupa ndi lili ndi akatswiri osiyana ndi miyendo amphamvu. Zikawalesa yakuthwa ndipo yokhota kumapeto, ayenera mofulumira analanda nyama. Zouluka kadzidzi pafupifupi mwakachetechete, ndipo chifukwa onse dongosolo la nthenga. Mchira anamaliza ndi n'zometa wingspan cm mpaka 200. Mbalame zouluka amazipanga imathamanga mofulumira kungakhale 80 km / h. Anthuwa zimatulutsa phokoso chosiyana ndi kuwonekera pamene amakwiya kapena okondwa.

Mafupa Kadzidzi lakonzedwa kuti mbalame wapadera akhoza atumiza mutu wake pa madigiri 180-270 pasanabuke nokha ululu kapena kuwavulaza. Popeza kadzidzi - mdani, ndipo lifunika younikira pansi nyamazo, maso ake sali mbali ndi kutsogolo. maso Usaigwedezere ndi kupenyerera patsogolo. Kusintha malangizo, muyenera mutu wa mbalame. Mbali ya view madigiri 160, ndipo binocular. Akadzidzi kuona dziko mitundu utoto. Disolo si m'diso mwake, ndi nyanga chubu, kotero iwo akhoza kuwona bwino usiku. Mafupa Kadzidzi anapanga kuti kumva ali kanayi wamphamvu kuposa mu amphaka. Kamodzi kupanga adzalenga kapena kaphokoso phokoso, mbalame yomweyo pounced pa iye.

banja

Mabanja Kadzidzi kulenga kamodzi kwa nthawi zonse - ali zonse pankhaniyi. Short-opindika m'makona Kadzidzi angamange zisa pa nthaka mu zomera wandiweyani. Iwo zimaswana kamodzi kapena kangapo, malingana ndi chilengedwe ndiponso kukhala malo abwino. The zowalamulira kungakhale mazira 3 10, omwe amakhala oyera, ozungulira ndi wamfupi. mazira mwini zachotsedwa wamkazi, ndi mwamuna unkagwira ntchito mwachindunji kudyetsa ana. Choona chidwi kuti nthawi zambiri yekha anapiye akulu kupulumuka ena zimafa. Pamene iwo abwera njala tsoka, iwo akhoza kudya anapiye a kadzidziyo kuti aswa lomaliza.

chakudya

Choncho, mbalame zikuluzikulu ndi sing'anga-kakulidwe kudya makoswe lemmings, hedgehogs, shrews, akalulu, achule, achule, mileme, timadontho-timadontho, njoka, nkhuku. akadzidzi Little kudya tizilombo (kafadala, ziwala), ndi amene amakhala m'madera a m'mphepete mwa nyanja regale pa nsomba, nkhanu, mamazelo. Okhala kotentha kudya zipatso, udzu, zipatso. Chochititsa chidwi n'chakuti, mbalame zimenezi kungathandize popanda madzi kwa miyezi ingapo, kuthetsa ludzu magazi a nyamazo.

Mitundu otchuka

• Opindika m'makona kadzidzi. Kodi mitundu ambiri mu gawo European la Russia. Dzina amachokera makutu awo, amene anachokera ku nthenga. Opindika m'makona akadzidzi amakonda chisa m'nkhalango coniferous, kutanthauza kuti nkhalango mbalame. Akadzidzi kuti moyo zina kum'mwera, ndi amangokhala, pamene kumpoto - zosamukasamuka mbalame. Iwo ankadya shrews, makoswe ang'ono.
• Kumalo ozizira. Kodi zamtundu waukulu wa Strigiformes kuti mu Arctic. The wamkazi akulemera makilogalamu atatu ndi mwamuna awiri ndi theka. wingspan ukufika theka mita. Iye amakhala mu Titafika pamalo a North America ndi Greenland. Angagwiritsidwenso pa ena a zilumba za Ocean Arctic. Kuthengo moyo mpaka zaka 8.

• Filin. Mwa mitundu yaikulu kadzidzi mu dziko. Yolemera makilogalamu oposa atatu, moyo mu malo pamene munthu sangathe kuona. Iwo omasuka m'nkhalango yowirira. Kolingana wakale, kadzidzi nthenga kuwateteza ku ngozi. Mu Kazakhstan ndi ku Central Asia, anthu ankakhulupirira kuti chiwerengero pa nthenga mbali kuchokera kadzidzi mphungu - ichi kuti kuchokera Koran. Mating nyengo ndi mu March. Munthu amene akulowa malo okhalamo kadzidzi akanati hoot mbalame mantha. The angapo makope phokoso awa ali oyamba payokha ndiyeno pamodzi. Komanso, mbalame ali dzina lina - Pop mfuti. Kuwonjezera Wuhan, anachitapo umatha ndi kuseka mokweza. Iwo kudya makoswe, achule, tizilombo ndi zokwawa.
• Nsomba kadzidzi. mbalame amakhala Primorye, pafupi ndi nyanja ya Okhotsk, Sakhalin ndi Japan. malo ankakonda ku chisa - zigwa chigumula, inamera mitengo ikuluikulu. Iwo kudyetsa anthu oyeretsedwa m'madzi. Ndipo iwo amagwira m'njira ziwiri: woyamba - izo podkaraulivanie ochitiridwayo, Suli kutali ndi madzi. Chachiwiri - kuyendayenda mwa madzi osaya ndi kudzawatenga ndi amasambira nsomba ndi.

mfundo zosangalatsa

• Kadzidzi Creek chofunika zolinga zosiyana. Pali uthenga ulalikidwa, chinachake monga kukambirana kuti amapezeka pakati pa amuna awiri. Mukhozanso kumva kuitana kwa phokoso pa mating nyengo. Ana akadzidzi zimatulutsa ndi kuchema amenewa, kuloza kwa malo anu.
• M'mbuyomu, mantha kwambiri a akadzidzi, iwo anazindikira ndi zongoganiza ndipo mwinamwake kuchotsedwa.
• Koma mbalame Egypt wokondedwa ndi kulemekezedwa, nthawi zina anali mummified.
• M'mbuyomu, tinapeza Babulo chosemacho, chimene chimafotokoza ya kadzidzi. Pa mbali mbalame, ndi pakati - mkazi mapiko ndi miyendo. Anthu anaganiza kuti anali mulungu, ndi akadzidzi - alonda wake wake. Kuwonjezera zizindikiro mdima ndi zobisika, anthu amenewa akuimira nzeru ndi maganizo yowala.
• Mu Chikhristu, kufuula kwawo ndi nyimbo ya imfa. Ukuimiliridwa ndi chipasukocho, kusungulumwa chisoni. Asilavo ankakhulupirira kuti mbalame woyang'anira chuma mobisa, monga chizindikiro cha mkazi wamasiye ndi nyengo yachisanu ikupita moto kapena imfa.