The DC ndi osiyana AC ndi momwe kuti atembenuke?

Zonse magetsi inawadutsa - ndi kayendedwe ka particles ndi mlandu m'njira zina. Ndiko kuti, voteji kapena mphamvu (amakhala mfundo) ndi mtengo womwewo ndi malangizo. Ndicho chimene DC ndi osiyana AC. Koma yang'anani pa chirichonse mu dongosolo.

Mbiri ya zikamera ndi "nkhondo ya mafunde"

DC panopa ntchito kutchedwa galvanic chifukwa chakuti kuti linatsegulidwa chifukwa cha anachita galvanic. Thomas Edison anayesa kupereka pamodzi mizere ya HIV magetsi. Ngakhale mtsutso pa wochititsidwa pakati pa asayansi pa nkhani imeneyi. Iwo ngakhale dzina la "nkhondo ya mafunde". Ilo linali funso la kusankha ngati pakati, AC kapena DC. "Kumenya Nkhondo" adagonja ndi kusinthasintha maganizo sadzatha zimbalangondo awiri, pokhala anasamutsa chapatali. Koma kusintha maganizo variable palibe vuto, ndicho chimene DC ndi osiyana AC. Choncho, otsiriza mosavuta kusamutsa ngakhale pa mtunda wautali.

Magwero a mwachindunji magetsi

magwero kungakhale mabatire kapena zipangizo zina, kumene kumachitika mwa mankhwala anachita.

jenereta lino, kuti ndi zotsatira za kupatsidwa ulemu atomu, kenako kudzatha likuvutika wokhometsa lapansi.

ntchito

Zipangizo zosiyanasiyana DC ntchito nthawi zambiri. Naye ntchito, mwachitsanzo, zipangizo zambiri kunyumba, chargers ndi magudumu magalimoto. chipangizo china chilichonse kunyamula zoyendetsedwa ndi gwero vyrabatavayuschego okhazikika.

Mu lonse mafakitale ndi ntchito injini ndipo mabatire. Ndipo m'mayiko ena, iwo amaveka ndi mizere mkulu-voteji mphamvu.

Mankhwala kudzera zonse magetsi inawadutsa anagwira Ubwino.

Pa njanji (zoyendera) ndi ntchito variable, ndi mitundu zonse.

AC

Nthawi zambiri Komabe, ankatchula dzina lake. Apa, phindu zikutanthauza ndi voteji kwa nthawi anapatsidwa ndi ziro. Ukulu ndi malangizo a izo zikusintha, ndi intervals ofanana.

Kupangitsa alternating panopa, ntchito magudumu, lomwe limapezeka nthawi ya kupatsidwa ulemu electromotive mphamvu. Izi zachitika ntchito maginito, onsewo mu yamphamvu (ozungulira) ndi stator inayake pakati amodzi ndi kumulowetsa.

The alternating panopa ntchito wailesi, TV, foni ndi machitidwe ena ambiri chifukwa chakuti voteji ake ndi luso atembenuke pafupifupi popanda kutaya mphamvu.

Ambiri ntchito ku mafakitale komanso kuunikira.

Zimakhala umodzi-gawo ndi multiphase.

An panopa alternating, amene zimasiyanasiyana kuti lamulo sinusoidal, ndi gawo limodzi. Izo zimasiyanasiyana patatha zina za nthawi (nthawi) mu ukulu ndi malangizo. AC pafupipafupi ndi chiwerengero cha nthawi pa mphindi.

Ngati chachiwiri, kufalitsa waukulu walandira atatu gawo Baibulo. dongosolo madera atatu amene pafupipafupi chomwecho ndi EMF ali ankatembenukira mu gawo ndi madigiri 120. Izo ntchito injini magetsi, ng'anjo, kuunikira.

zinthu zambiri m'munda wa magetsi ndi ntchito zawo zothandiza, komanso kukhudzana ndi mkulu-pafupipafupi alternating anthu panopa amapangitsa kuti wasayansi wamkulu Nikola Tesla. Kufikira tsopano, osati ntchito zake zonse, ana otsala amadziwika.

The DC ndi osiyana AC ndi zimene njira zake kuchokera ku gwero kwa ogula ndi?

Choncho, variable otchedwa panopa kuti siyana mu malangizo ndi kufunika kwa nthawi yaitali. Magawo amene ali yemweyo nthawi Samalani ndi pafupipafupi ndi voteji. Mu Russian alternating panopa kudyetsedwa kwa Intaneti magetsi banja kukhala voteji a 220 V ndi pafupipafupi 50 Hz. AC pafupipafupi - chiwerengero cha kusintha kwa mtengo enieni particles mu njira yachiwiri. Iwo likukhalira kuti pa 50 Hz, chingasinthe malangizo ndi nthawi makumi asanu zimene DC ndi osiyana AC.

gwero lake ndi mkazi kuti zikugwirizana zipangizo kunyumba pansi voltages zosiyanasiyana.

Alternating panopa ayamba kuyenda kwake kwa zomera mphamvu, pamene pali magudumu wamphamvuyonse chimene chikutuluka ndi voteji a 220 ndi 330 kV. chimachititsanso zinanso substations thiransifoma, amene ali pafupi ndi nyumba zawo, mabizinesi ndi zina zamoyo zinachokera.

The substation panopa akugwa pansi pa voteji 10 kV. Pamenepo n'kukhala ndi atatu gawo voteji a 380 V. Nthawi zina chizindikiro panopa kudumpha mwachindunji zinthu (zomwe gulu kupanga wamphamvu). Koma kawirikawiri izo ayanjane mwachizolowezi mu nyumba zonse za mu 220 V.

kusinthika

Zikuonekeratu kuti malo ogulitsira tili AC. Koma nthawi zambiri chifukwa zipangizo zamagetsi akusowa kukhazikikamo. Chifukwa chaichi, ndi rectifiers wapadera. ndondomeko imakhala zotsatirazi:

• kulumikiza mlatho diodes anayi ndi mphamvu zoyenerazi;
• zosefera capacitor kugwirizana kapena linanena bungwe kuchokera mlatho;
• owongolera kugwirizana voteji kuchepetsa pulsations.

Kutembenuka akhoza kutenga malo omwe alternating kulongosola panopa ndi mosemphanitsa. Koma Zikatero ndi ovuta kwambiri kuzitsatira. Pamafunika inverters, zomwe, mwa zinthu zina, ndi okwera mtengo kwambiri.