Chirkei HPP (Dagestan)

Kukopeka ndi kunyada kwa Dagestan - Chirkey HPP - imatengedwa kuti ndi ngale mu malo kugwa hydropower pa Sulak Mtsinje. Ili mu chigwa chomwecho, thanthwe maseŵeralo ndi kuzama kwa zomwe si wolephera dziko wotchuka Grand Canyon ku America, malopa si zofunikira mphamvu, komanso chinthu alendo odzacheza. Gawo loyamba kwambiri Sulak HPP la Dagestan, dera malopa ndi chinthu wapadera kudalirana zosinthira anthu ndi masoka malo okongola.

sayansi ndi chikhalidwe cha Union

Anatsegula yopapatiza gorge Sulak, ndi m'lifupi mamita 30 pamwamba mtsinje, reining Chirkeyskaya Chipilala damu HPP. M'litali siteshoni mamitala 400. damu kutalika - mamita 232,5. Dagestan kunyada Chirkey GES akuchita udindo 11 mu kusanja 25 okongola kwambiri ndi apamwamba damu linalake ku dziko. Anzanu nyumba damu anapanga kuchokera madzi posungira misa buku la makilomita kiyubiki 3 ndi padziko dera madzi makilomita lalikulu 42,5. The zikuchokera pansi pa mosungiramo Ufumuyo madzi ake watanthauzo wokongola azure nofeki, kumenya alendo onse.

akatswiri kunyada

Project chitukuko ndi mphamvu kafukufuku wa Sulak Mtsinje ndi Glavgidrostroya Moscow nthambi ya USSR. Iye mu 1933, bukuli wa yowona Chipilala-yokoka damu, anali akufuna. Komatu mu 1962, pamene iwo anayamba kukhazikitsa "Lengidroproekt", kuwonjezera Anachotsa wapadera pamene asilikali chubu ndi malo mayunitsi mizere iwiri ntchitoyi chapeza mlingo wa luso chitsanzo. Mu nkhani iyi, damu mumphangayo kutalika wakhala chinawonjezeka ndi pafupifupi theka ndipo kudawerengedwa kwa mamita 730. Today siteshoni, limene lili m'dera seismically wosakhazikika, zida ndi zipangizo zotha ano kulembetsa ntchito mwa matanthwe a pansi padziko. Ndipo Commission Control Mayiko mu dera kuyezetsa nyukiliya ndi zida njira (likulu ku Austria) mu 2013 anapereka apamwamba mlingo siteshoni ntchito monga seysmologobezopasnomu a.

Yayikulu kwambiri Russia

Monga tanenera kale, Chipilala damu HPP Chirkeyskaya pamwamba 25 ya ubwenzi kuposa malo khumi mu dziko. Ndipo ndi yayikulu kwambiri Russia. Arched siteshoni damu okonzeka mayunitsi anayi zozungulira ofananira omwe anapangidwa kuti mavuto misa madzi mamita 170.

mtengo mphamvu

Chirkey HPP, amene anagunda chithunzi kukula ndi kukongola, mmodzi wa malo a Dagestan nthambi ya JSC "RusHydro". siteshoni ndi wamphamvu kwambiri mu North Caucasus, mphamvu anaika 10,000 MW, ndi nthawi ya ntchito yake, izo zachitika oposa biliyoni 88 kWh magetsi. Ulemu kugwa kwa HPPs yaing'ono Dagestan, dera ndi katundu ulamuliro kudutsa kum'mwera kwa Russia mphamvu gululi mu siteji pachimake. Chirkey siteshoni - mtundu wa "thandizo" mu zochitika mwadzidzidzi ndi kulephera zotheka zomera matenthedwe mphamvu. Iwo akhoza azilipira imfa ya mphamvu yake mu mphamvu ya dziko lonse.

madzi lamulo ntchito

Mu pambuyo pake wa HPS Chirkei si zokhazo modes madzi kumaliseche. Mwa kusintha otaya madzi mu mtsinje Sulak, sukhala ndi ntchito za malo zakuya ndipo amachita mbali madzi madera akuluakulu pafupi siteshoni. The mosungiramo popangidwa ndi damu, ndi opereka madzi abwino kwa zosowa za anthu komanso ntchito mafakitale. Wapadera damu si yekha anazindikira kuti makampani padziko lonse, koma zachilengedwe.

Timanga dziko

Kwa zaka 17 (1963-1980) kuposa china liwiro, ndi thandizo la lingathe kugwira ntchito kuchokera konsekonse Soviet Union mu damu thupi Chirkeyskaya HPP chinaikidwa kiyubiki mamita oposa 1.5 konkire. Kulowererana mtsinje zinachitikadi pogwiritsa ntchito njira nzeru kuphulika pamodzi mizere ndi thanthwe Chip yosalala. kuwalamula mu okwana matani 37 a zachiwawa. Seismological Kusakhazikika ndi chivomezi mu 1970, pamene ntchito yomanga anaima miyezi sikisi, andzesera mabvuto. Koma mu 1981, siteshoni anapereka magetsi woyamba pa mphamvu zonse.

Gidrostroevskie mzera

Mudzi Kanema Oaks Station analengedwa mu 1960 kwa omanga ku mayiko onse a Soviet Union ndi lakonzedwa kuti anthu anthu pafupifupi 10 chikwi. Anapitiriza zomangamanga ake ndipo lero - zamkaka atatu, kusukulu, cinemas awiri ndi Palace ya Culture, chipatala zovuta ndi dziwe lamkati. Pakutha kumanga ntchito pa opangira magetsi analamula fakitale nthambi yopanga zipangizo zamagetsi ndi mafakitale chovala. Mu siteshoni m'mudzi moyo omanga mafumu - makolo anamanga, ana kumaliza nyumba ndi adzukulu ntchito mphamvu opangira magetsi. Mudzi yamakono ya mitengo - ndi utsogoleri unit wa chigawo Kazbek. Akuluakulu pa kuthandiza chitukuko cha madera Mipikisano dziko chikhalidwe, masewera akufotokozera ndi zipangizo njira ya boma. Chitsanzo ndi nsomba bwino, amene wasanduka ndi chikhomo cha m'dera.

Nathenje, Nsombazi ndi mitundu ina nsomba

No ulendo pa Chirkeyskaya HPP chokwanira popanda ulendo wa mumapezeka nsomba munda, gulu logwirizira. Nzeru yankho la boma mu gulu la mumapezeka nsomba munda osati anapereka ntchito kwa a m'derali, komanso kupereka ntchito zachilengedwe. Zamiyendo Inayi mumapezeka nsomba zamulivanie chindiletsa maofesi ngalande. Famu umabala fingerlings raisings mu nkhokwe ndi kufalikira mu mabeseni wapadera. ulimi nsomba Industrial zovuta ndi nthawi yambiri, koma mu nkhani iyi ndi chitsanzo cha ntchito zomveka ndi nchito ya ndalama zomwe zilipo. Golden mumapezeka nsomba - capricious ndi whimsical nsomba, amene zinthu zonse analengedwa pano. Ndipo madzi otunga kumtsinje, kutentha akadakwanitsira, ndipo chakudya chapadera, amene kugula mu Moscow yokha. Zisanu Madamu munda ayipanga ndipo komabe zamtengo wapatali nsomba malonda (Siberia Nsombazi hybrids Bester ndi utawaleza mumapezeka nsomba). Nkhani yoyamba ya ulimi nsomba kumpoto kwa Dagestan wakhala bwino ndipo zingamuthandize. madongosolo dubkintsev patsogolo ulimi ndi kuonjezera chikoka alendo derali.

chitukuko ntchito zokopa alendo

Ngati aliyense malo mphamvu Chirkey GES - modal chinthu choopsa chinawonjezeka ndi chitetezo umalimba. Visiting n'zotheka okha gulu. Koma ngakhale ngati ndinu alendo pa umodzi "dziko la mapiri", ayenera kupita ku siteshoni ndi kusangalala kukongola kwa thanthwe maseŵeralo Sulak chigwa ndipo sangaganize kuzizira phiri Njoka. nyumba izi zazikulu pakati pa Mipikisano matani miyala kwenikweni kukantha mphamvu ya maganizo a anthu ndi zochita, ndi kuona udindo wa anthu mu moyo wa dziko ndi zotsatira za ntchito yathu chuma chake.