K-8 (sitima zapamadzi). Imfa ya sitima zapamadzi nyukiliya K-8

Chimodzi mwa zovuta ndi zoopsa ukatswiri nkhondo ntchito submariner. Kwa zaka zambiri Soviet Union chinabisidwa tsoka zimachitika pa sitima zankhondo, omwe anakhala chifukwa cha akuvutika anthu. zinthu zinasintha mu 1989, pamene dziko lonse nthumanzi pa nkhani ya ngozi pa sitima zapamadzi "Komsomolets". Pa nthawi yomweyo akulankhula za masoka ena, kuphatikizapo mavuto amene anataya sitima zapamadzi K 8.

makhalidwe a

K-8 - ndi sitima zapamadzi la Soviet Navy ndi riyakitala nyukiliya, womwe unakhazikitsidwa mu chimango cha polojekiti 627 A "zida". Kumanga nyumba yake inayamba mu 1957, ndi m'chilimwe cha 1960, sitima zapamadzi latsopano analembedwa kumpoto zombo. K-8 (sitima zapamadzi) anali specifications zotsatirazi:

• kutalika - 1074 masentimita;
• M'lifupi - 796 masentimita;
• Kuzama - 300 mamita;
• liwiro pansi madzi - 30 mfundo;
• pafupifupi kuya - 565 masentimita;
• panabukanso speed- 15,5 mfundo.

Ngozi yoyamba

Pambuyo K-8 (sitima zapamadzi) Analeredwa ndi Soviet Navy adalira woyamba ndi zochitika zosayembekezeka wakhala atathana: utaphulika chitoliro kuzirala dera ndi kuipa kutayikira la coolant ndi amphamvu kumasulidwa mpweya nyukiliya. Chifukwa, gawo ogwira analandira mwachilungamo kwambiri cheza mlingo, pamene zizindikiro oyendetsa atatu lililonse cheza matenda pachimake anapezeka. zochitika ngati zimenezi komanso zinachitika pa June 1 ndi October 8 TH 1961 chaka, kotero Navy anayamba kunena kuti K-8 - msilikali wapamadzi amene ali moyo pachiswe.

Events yapitayi ngozi

Mu nthawi kuyambira chiyambi cha August 1966 kuti July 1968 pa sitima zapamadzi nyukiliya K-8 inali pa doko la zombo zapanyanja wotchuka "Zvezdochka", kumene anapanga kukonzanso lalikulu. Komanso, mu May 1969 odziwa diver anasankhidwa mkulu wa sitima VB Bessonov, pomwepo anapambana ulemu wa anthu ogwira ntchito. Choncho, izo zinkawoneka kuti posachedwapa K-8 (sitima zapamadzi) Kodi abwezeretse mbiri yake, ndipo izo silikhalanso "wotembereredwa."

Mediterranean kukwera

Usiku wa February 17 1970, K-8 (sitima zapamadzi), oyendetsa amene anali kukonzekera bwino, anabwera kuchokera ku maziko mu Gremikha mu koyamba ndi lolimba yaitali navigation yoyenda yokha. Sitima zapamadzi anauzidwa kuti apite ku malo a North Atlantic ndi kutenga nawo mbali mu "Ocean 70" asayansi kwambiri pa mbiri ya Soviet Navy pansi pa dzina. chiyambi anali inakonzedwa April 14, ndi chomaliza machesi tsiku ndi chikondwerero cha centenary wa VI Lenin.

April 8

Imfa ya sitima zapamadzi K-8 zinachitika mu mtsinje wa pa Bay a Biscay. Pa nthawi imeneyo, iwo sanali kutali ndi Azores, ndipo kunalibe zizindikiro za vuto. April 8 kwa chitunda ku akuya 160 mamita mu hydroacousticians ndi wheelhouse K-8 pamene zingwe sitima zapamadzi mphamvu pochitika, pa moto unabuka. Pa nthawi yomweyo mkulu anakanena moto kumene kunachitika mu chipinda 7. Adalira yomweyo anayamba kumenyana moyo komanso Mphindi 5 Patapita sitima zapamadzi anali padziko. Zinthu zovuta chifukwa chakuti moto anayamba kufalitsa mofulumira kwambiri pa sitima zapamadzi kudzera ducts mpweya. Panthawi imeneyi, ndi moto lachidanili 7 chipinda Haslavsky alonda B., A. Chudinov, G. G. Shostakovskii chitsulo ndipo anapanga weniweni ft: pozindikira kuti iwo kuwonongeka okha bwino, oyendetsa battened pansi zimaswa ndi kuteteza matenthedwe kuphulika. Komanso, adakhoza kuletsa riyakitala nyukiliya.

April 9

Pakati pa usiku, oyendetsa anakwera mlatho kudutsa malo chapakati. Pa 2 am, amalinyero Movutikira otdrait zimaswa 8 chipinda, anatulutsa anthuwo 4 natengedwa 15 mitembo. Chifukwa cha imfa zolemera utsi ndi kusowa chitetezo. Komanso anatha kupulumutsa 19 adalira mamembala a chipinda 4. Ngakhale ngalawa ndi kuyandama, oyendetsa anapitiriza nkhondo moyo wake.

Masana, boma nyanja kuchuluka, ndi sitima zapamadzi anayamba kupereka banki. Kutsutsa imeneyi anapangidwa mbaliza waukulu ballast akasinja, koma sizinabala zotsatira zabwino.

Kenako, 43 adalira anthu anasamutsidwa kuti zoyendera, ndi otsala a anayikidwa mu zipinda ziwiri zoyambirira ndi pa kamlathoka.

Chipulumutso ndi imfa

Ambiri mwa anthu ogwira ya K-8 watengedwa m'ngalawamo "Avior" kukhala Bulgaria. M'nkhani ya namondwe woopsa adalira zotheka kuti apulumutse sitimayo, koma ndi sitima zapamadzi kumira. Imfa ya sitima zapamadzi nyukiliya K-8 anakhala lalikulu imfa loyamba la zombo nyukiliya. Total anapha 52 mamembala adalira, koma iye anakhalabe muyaya sitima zapamadzi atagona 490 Km from kugombe la Spain pa akuya 4680 m.

kufufuza

Kulongosola mavuto a imfa ya chotengera Severomorsk yomweyo anayamba kugwira ntchito m'boma. Palinso pa m'munsi akuyandama "Volga" anabweretsa adalira. Patapita masiku angapo anafunsidwa kuti kusewera wonse wa zimene zinachitika April 8-9, woyamba pa bolodi sitima zapamadzi K 181, lomwe kuli chidole cha K-8. Zimenezi investigative walola kuti akhazikitse, kuti lamulo la sitima zapamadzi yotereyi pansi mwadzidzidzi zinthu mwaukadaulo kwambiri ndi mwaluso.

Boma lamulo womwalirayo mkulu wa sitima zapamadzi VB Bessonov anali kupereka mutu Hero wa Soviet Union, ndi maudindo ena onse chilolezo ndi alonda anapatsidwa dongosolo la Red Star. Amuna, ndi akufa, ndi anapulumuka anagonjera mendulo Ushakov.

chikumbukiro

Kodi izo zinapangidwa mwa Soviet Union ngozi pa K-8 sanapeze kukhudzana kwambiri. Komabe, misewu iwiri mu Gremikha anadzatchedwa polemekeza mkulu wa sitima zapamadzi ndi dokotala sitimayo Yuri Ilchenko. Last ataya moyo wawo, kutaya zida zawo kupuma opareshoni chimodzi cha ziwalo oyendetsa amene anali kuchipatala pa nthawi ya ngozi.

zaka 4 pambuyo ngozi m'tauni yomweyo, chipilala anakhazikitsidwa. Pa inu mukhoza kuwona gulu la K-8 (sitima zapamadzi), mndandanda wa akufa ndi mawu akuti "submariners yemwe anafa pa ntchito, kukumana kwathunthu ngongoleyo."

Tsopano inu mukudziwa momwe mmodzi wa sitima zankhondo woyamba nyukiliya wa Russian yapamadzi, kuti anali chifukwa cha tsoka.